MT2_4_Dyslipidemia_Pharmacology (Adams)

Question 1

Metabolic Syndrome

• toxic lipids ____to rise
• ____ , TNFa and IL6 cause BP to rise
• best treatment is lifestyle modifications
• ___causes arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation, as well as angiotensin II and heparin binding to epidermal growth factor
• ____ differentiate into foam cells to become plaque

Answer 1

• toxic lipids cause BP to rise
• inflammatory proteins (resistin) , TNFa and IL6 cause BP to rise
• best treatment is lifestyle modifications
• PDGF causes arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation, as well as angiotensin II and heparin binding to epidermal growth factor
• monocytes differentiate into foam cells to become plaque

Question 2

Physiologic change most likely in a patient started on simvastatin?

• LDL receptor ___ decreases
• inhibition ______reductase
• increase in ___ and decrease TNFa and ___
• decreases matrix ______ activation

Answer 2

• LDL receptor catabolism decreases
• inhibition of HMG CoA reductase
• increase in adiponectin and decrease TNFa and CRP
• decreases matrix metalloproteinase activation

Question 3

Physiologic change most likely in a patient started on cholestyramine?

• ch. binds negatively charged___, complexes with them and then eliminates them from feces.
• stimulates ____ receptor synthesis
• liver cholesterol decreases

Answer 3

• ch. binds negatively charged bile acids, complexes with them and then eliminates them from feces.
• stimulates hepatic LDL receptor synthesis
• liver cholesterol decreases

Question 4

Gemfibrozil is most likely to induce what change in patients?

• decrease___disease severity
• used in severe _____
• decrease in _____ in liver
• decrease____ levels

Answer 4

• decrease coronary artery disease severity
• used in severe hypertriglyceridemia
• decrease in triglyceride synthesis in liver
• decrease blood VLDL levels

Question 5

Ezetimibe is most likely to induce what physiologic change in patients?

• inhibits ____protein bound cholesterol internalization in clathrin/ap2 pits
• inhibits _____ in the small intestine
• active metabolite is _____
• active metabolite can______ in renal disease

Answer 5

• inhibits Niemann Pick C1 protein bound cholesterol internalization in clathrin/ap2 pits
• inhibits cholesterol uptake in the small intestine
• active metabolite is glucuronide
• active metabolite can accumulate in renal disease

Question 6

Niacin is most likely to induce what physiologic change?

• binds to ____ (G protein coupled)
• hormone sensitive____
• decreased ____
• increases HDL
• decreases _____

Answer 6

• binds to nicotinic acid receptor (G protein coupled)
• hormone sensitive lipase inhibition
• decreased lipolysis
• increases HDL
• decreases TG and LDL

Question 7

A patient is refusing to take digoxin due to previous experience with
arrhythmias and wants to take hawthorn. What is the most likely effect of
hawthorn? The flavonoids enhance the performance of ___,
inhibits ___, improves , improves exercise
tolerance.

Answer 7

damaged myocardium

phosphodiesterase

heart function

Question 8

A patient is using danshen as treatment for a recent stroke. What is the most
likely effect of danshen? Tanshinones inhibit____
salvianolic acids inhibit __ and increase __production

clinical trials show
danshen improves function when used for 6 months after a stroke, inhibits
clotting.

Answer 8

interleukin-12 production,

ACE

NO

Question 9

A patient is using red yeast rice. What is the most likely effect of red yeast
rice? decreases ___, contains monacolins that inhibit __, many patients who experience statin induced myopathy can safely
use red yeast rice, may contain the mycotoxin citrinin.

Answer 9

LDL levels

HMG-CoA
reductase

Question 10

A patient has asked if coenzyme Q10 is effective for heart disease. What is
the most likely effect of coenzyme Q10? Increases __and__, decreases hospitalization, decreases mortality.

Answer 10

stroke volume

heart function

Question 11

A patient is interested in using garlic for heart disease. What is the most likely
effect of garlic? Lowers___and__, no effect on ___, reverses
plaque formation.

Answer 11

LDL, triglycerides

HDL

Question 12

A surgeon has called for advice about a patient using CAM prior to surgery.
What do you recommend? ginseng can cause ___ginkgo can cause
___, ginger can cause ___ garlic can cause ___.

Answer 12

bleeding,