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STA 100 > MT1 Practice Packet > Flashcards

MT1 Practice Packet Flashcards

1
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

2a

A

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2
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

4a

A

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3
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

6a

A

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3
Q

Lec 3 PS

1a

A

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4
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

2a

A

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4
Q

Lec 3 PS

1b

A

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4
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

1b

A

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5
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

3b

A

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5
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

1b

A

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5
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

8b

A

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5
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

8v

A

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6
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

5b

A

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6
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

8a

A

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7
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

7

A

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7
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

8a

A

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7
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

8ii

A

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8
Q

Lecture 2

You poll 1000 U.S. voters and ask them if they will vote Democrat or Republican in the upcoming national election. Your results show that 51% (+/- 0.5%) would vote Democrat. Answer the following question, and explain your reasoning.

What are your observational units in this study?

A

The observational unit is the unit for which data is being recorded; each observational unit has its own value for a variable. In this case, data is being collected on the voting preference of U.S. voters; this makes them the observational units of this study.

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8
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

1b

A

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9
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

9b

A

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10
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

5

A

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11
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

4a

A

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11
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

2b

A

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12
Q

Lec 3 PS

1d

A

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12
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

9d

A

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13
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

9a

A

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14
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

10

A

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14
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

3a

A

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15
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

4b

A

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16
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

2a

A

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17
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

8iv

A

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17
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

5c

A

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18
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

4b

A

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19
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

5d

A

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20
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

1b

A

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21
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

1a

A

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22
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

1d

A

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23
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

6b

A

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23
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

6a

A

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24
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

5b

A

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25
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

2b

A

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27
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

5c

A

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28
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

9c

A

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29
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

9c

A

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29
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

10

A

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29
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

8a

A

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30
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

6b

A

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31
Q

Define a confounding variable.

A

A variable which correlates (either positively or negatively) with both the independant and dependant variables.

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32
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

2b

A

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32
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

3

A

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33
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

1d

A

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33
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

8b

A

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34
Q

Lec 3 PS

2e

A

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35
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

9d

A

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36
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

9a

A

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37
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

9c

A

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38
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

5

A

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38
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

6a

A

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39
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

5a

A

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40
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

2b

A

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41
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

1c

A

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42
Q

Lecture 2

You poll 1000 U.S. voters and ask them if they will vote Democrat or Republican in the upcoming national election. Your results show that 51% (+/- 0.5%) would vote Democrat. Answer the following question, and explain your reasoning.

What is your statistical inference?

A

Statistical inference is the conclusion you make based upon your results. Since the majority of people said they would vote Democrat and the level of uncertainty is not high enough to change this, your statistical inference would be that Democrats will win the upcoming election.

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43
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

1d

A

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44
Q

Lecture 2

Define a latent variable.

A

Variables that are not directly observed, but can be inferred from other observeable variables.

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45
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

9b

A

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45
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

3b

A

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47
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

4a - vi

A

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48
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

5a

A

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49
Q

Lec 3 PS

1c

A

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51
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

9a

A

See key

52
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

3c

A

See solutions

53
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

5b

A

See key

54
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

10

A

See key

56
Q

Lec 3 PS

1e

A

See notes

57
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

3

A

See key

59
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

3b

A

See key

60
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

4b

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

61
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

7

A

See key

63
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

2c

A

See key

63
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

4a - iv

A

See key

65
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

1a

A

See solutions

66
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

6b

A

See key

67
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

9

A

See key

68
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

1b

A

See key

69
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

4a - ii

A

See key

70
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

2c

A

See key

71
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

9d

A

See key

72
Q

Lecture 2

  1. Describe a categorical variable.
  2. Give an example and explain.
A

A variable that can take on a fixed of limited amount of values that cannot be quantified (i.e. there is no “amount” of that variable). An example would be voting preference of voters.

72
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

4a

A

See key

73
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

2a

A

See key

73
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

5c

A

See key

74
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

9b

A

See key

75
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

1b

A

See key

76
Q

Lecture 2

  1. Describe a quantitative variable.
  2. Give an example and explain.
A
  1. A variable that can be quantified or measured on a numerical scale.
  2. An example would be height or weight.
78
Q

Lecture 2

  1. Bar and pie plots are used to visualize __________ variables.
A

Categorical variables

79
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

1a

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

80
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

1a

A

See key

80
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

1a

A

See key

81
Q

Lec 3 PS

2b

A

See notes

82
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

3

A

See key

84
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

1c

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

86
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

1c

A

See solutions

88
Q

Lecture 2

You have a data set of the numbers 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 5, and 12. Without calculating, which will be higher, the median or the mean?

A

The mean will be higher since the outlier, 12, will cause the mean to shift upwards. The median will not be as affected by the outlier.

Calculated:

Mean = 4.5

Median = 3

90
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

4a - i

A

See key

91
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

1c

A

See key

92
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

9b

A

See key

94
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

5a

A

See key

95
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

2b

A

See key

96
Q

Define a population.

A

Set of individuals of interest. Also the group from which all possible samples can be drawn.

97
Q

Lecture 2

  1. Describe a continuous variable.
  2. Give an example and explain.
A
  1. A continuous variable is a type of quantitative variable that can have a “fraction” value between whole values.
  2. Examples include height (1’ = 12”), weight (fractions of a pound), and temperature (fractions of a degree).
98
Q

Lecture 2

You poll 1000 U.S. voters and ask them if they will vote Democrat or Republican in the upcoming national election. Your results show that 51% (+/- 0.5%) would vote Democrat. Answer the following question, and explain your reasoning.

What is your sample in this study?

A

The sample is a group that is drawn from the population and is the group on which data is collected. In this case, your sample is the 1000 U.S. voters polled out of the population of all U.S. voters.

100
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

9a

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

101
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

5d

A

See key

102
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

8b

A

See key

103
Q

Lec 3 PS

2d

A

See notes

104
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

10

A

See key

105
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

6b

A

See key

107
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

3a

A

See key

108
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

5d

A

See key

110
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

4b

A

See key

111
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

5b

A

See key

112
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

1d

A

See solutions

113
Q

Lecture 2

You poll 1000 U.S. voters and ask them if they will vote Democrat or Republican in the upcoming national election. Your results show that 51% (+/- 0.5%) would vote Democrat. Answer the following question, and explain your reasoning.

What is the variable being examined in this study?

A

The variable is the value or characteristic of each observational unit that is being examined, and can change between observational units. In this case, the characteristic being examined is the voting preference of U.S. voters (the observational units).

114
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

2a

A

See key

115
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

1c

A

See key

116
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

2c

A

See key

117
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

4a

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

119
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

4b

A

See key

120
Q

Lec 3 PS

1f

A

See notes

121
Q

Lecture 2

You poll 1000 U.S. voters and ask them if they will vote Democrat or Republican in the upcoming national election. Your results show that 51% (+/- 0.5%) would vote Democrat. Answer the following question, and explain your reasoning.

What is the population of this study?

A

The population is the group from which all possible samples can be drawn. Since your sample in this case was 1000 U.S. voters, your population would be all U.S. voters.

122
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

3a

A

See solutions

123
Q

Lec 3 PS

2a

A

See notes

124
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

4b - ii

A

See key

126
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

5c

A

See key

128
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

5c

A

See key

129
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

4a

A

See key

131
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

4a - iii

A

See key

133
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

8iii

A

See key

134
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

4b

A

See key

136
Q

Lecture 2

Explain the difference between confounding variableand alatent variable.

A

None yet! Waiting for email from Professor Aue.

138
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

2c

A

See key

140
Q

Lecture 2

Explain how height and age could be both a continuous or a discrete.

A

They can both be continuous in the sense that you can break them down into smaller units; inches can be broken down into fractions of inches, and age can be broken down into months, weeks and days.

However, they could also be discrete in the sense that both are not usually reported with fractions; if you were to ask someone their height, they would respond with feet and inches, not fractions of inches. Likewise, if you were to ask someone their age, they would respond with years, not years, months, weeks, and days (unless they were a baby!).

141
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

2a

A

See key

143
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

1a

A

See key

144
Q

Lec 3 PS

2f

A

See notes

144
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

4b - i

A

See key

145
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

6a

A

See key

146
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

7

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

148
Q

HW Series 2: Lab

1b

A

See key

149
Q

Lecture 2

(T/F): the mean will always differ from the median

A

False

You can create a data set where the mean and median are the same, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Both the mean and median for this set are 3.

Another example would be a data set where all values are the same, e.g. 1, 1, 1, 1, 1. Both the mean and median would be the same, and so would the mode.

150
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

9c

A

See key

151
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

2a

A

See key

152
Q

Lec 3 PS

2c

A

See notes

153
Q

Lecture 2

Explain the advantages & disadvantages of using the median to calculate the middle value for a data set vs. using the mean to calcuate the middle value.

A

One advantage is that the median is not as affected by outliers, and tends to give a better middle value for “normal” observational units. e.g. for calculating income in the U.S., the mean would give a much higher middle-value income than the median due to a small group of people having extremely large incomes. Thus, middle-value income is reported as the median income.

Disadvantages to come.

154
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

2b

A

See key

155
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

8i

A

See key

156
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

2c

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

157
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

1a

A

See key

158
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

4a

A

See key

159
Q

HW1 Lab Problems

5a

A

See solutions

160
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

6b

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

161
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

5b

A

See key

162
Q

HW Series 3: Lab

4a - v

A

See key

163
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

8

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

164
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

3

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

165
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

4c

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

166
Q

HW Series 3: Practice

6a

A

See key

167
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

7

A

See key

168
Q

HW1 Practice Probs

2b

A

See HW1 Practice Problem Solutions

169
Q

Lecture 2

  1. Describe an ordinal variable.
  2. Give an example and explain.
A
  1. An ordinal variable is a categorical variable for which the possible values are arbitrarily ordered.
  2. An example would be assigning numeric values to voting preferences - say 1 for Democrat and 0 for Republican.
170
Q

HW Series 2: Practice

5a

A

See key

171
Q

Lec 3 PS

1g

A

See notes

STA 100 (2 decks)

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