MT1

Question 1

What is the hardening of cartilage into bone?

Answer 1

synostosis

Question 2

Before it hardens, what is the epiphyseal plate an example of?

Answer 2

temporary synchondrosis

Question 3

What is a symphysis?

Answer 3

a cartilaginous joint where bones are joined by fibrocartilage

Question 4

What can a symphysis be classified as in terms of joints and range of movement?

Answer 4

amphiarthrosis - has some range of movement

Question 5

Name the types of joints from strongest to weakest

Answer 5

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Question 6

What can a synovial joint be classified as in terms of joints and range of movement?

Answer 6

diarthrotic

Question 7

What is the difference between tendon and ligament?

Answer 7

both are dense connective tissue; tendon connects muscle to bone; ligament connects bone to bone

Question 8

Name the 6 types of synovial joints:

Answer 8

Polly Has Such Big Car Parts; Pivot, hinge, saddle, ball-and-socket, condyloid, plane

Question 9

Which synovial joint has the greatest range of motion? Least?

Answer 9

ball-and-socket - most; plane - least

Question 10

which portions of the vertebral column have the greatest ranges of motion?

Answer 10

cervical and lumbar

Question 11

Where in the body is a zygapophyseal joint found?

Answer 11

between vertebrae

Question 12

what portions of the body do the atlanto-occipital joint join together?

Answer 12

the occipital condyles on the base of the skull and the atlas articulation

Question 13

what portions of the body do the atlanto-axial joint join together?

Answer 13

the atlas (C1) and axis (C2) vertebrae

Question 14

is facilitated diffusion an example of active or passive transport?

Answer 14

passive transport

Question 15

hypertonic or hypotonic: which describes a solution with a lower concentration than another solution?

Answer 15

hypotonic

Question 16

is an electrical gradient an example of active or passive transport?

Answer 16

active transport

Question 17

what is the function of a peroxisome?

Answer 17

membrane-bound organelle that contains enzyomes; it is involved with lipid metabolism and chemical detox - can neutralize poisons like alcohol, free radicals

Question 18

what are the 3 types of filaments part of a cytoskeleton?

Answer 18

microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules,

Question 19

what are some catabolic hormones?

Answer 19

cortisol, adrenaline, glucagon

Question 20

what are some anabolic hormones?

Answer 20

GH, IGF, insulin, testosterone, estrogen

Question 21

does hexokinase or glucokinase convert glucose to energy faster? Where are both found?

Answer 21

hexokinase is faster (higher affinity for glucose); hexokinase is found pretty much everywhere, whereas glucokinase is in tissues active when blood glucose is high (like the liver)