MT1 Flashcards
What is the hardening of cartilage into bone?
synostosis
Before it hardens, what is the epiphyseal plate an example of?
temporary synchondrosis
What is a symphysis?
a cartilaginous joint where bones are joined by fibrocartilage
What can a symphysis be classified as in terms of joints and range of movement?
amphiarthrosis - has some range of movement
Name the types of joints from strongest to weakest
fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
What can a synovial joint be classified as in terms of joints and range of movement?
diarthrotic
What is the difference between tendon and ligament?
both are dense connective tissue; tendon connects muscle to bone; ligament connects bone to bone
Name the 6 types of synovial joints:
Polly Has Such Big Car Parts; Pivot, hinge, saddle, ball-and-socket, condyloid, plane
Which synovial joint has the greatest range of motion? Least?
ball-and-socket - most; plane - least
which portions of the vertebral column have the greatest ranges of motion?
cervical and lumbar
Where in the body is a zygapophyseal joint found?
between vertebrae
what portions of the body do the atlanto-occipital joint join together?
the occipital condyles on the base of the skull and the atlas articulation
what portions of the body do the atlanto-axial joint join together?
the atlas (C1) and axis (C2) vertebrae
is facilitated diffusion an example of active or passive transport?
passive transport
hypertonic or hypotonic: which describes a solution with a lower concentration than another solution?
hypotonic
is an electrical gradient an example of active or passive transport?
active transport
what is the function of a peroxisome?
membrane-bound organelle that contains enzyomes; it is involved with lipid metabolism and chemical detox - can neutralize poisons like alcohol, free radicals
what are the 3 types of filaments part of a cytoskeleton?
microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules,
what are some catabolic hormones?
cortisol, adrenaline, glucagon
what are some anabolic hormones?
GH, IGF, insulin, testosterone, estrogen
does hexokinase or glucokinase convert glucose to energy faster? Where are both found?
hexokinase is faster (higher affinity for glucose); hexokinase is found pretty much everywhere, whereas glucokinase is in tissues active when blood glucose is high (like the liver)
