MT Lab Practical

Question 1

Mental Status Evaluation

Answer 1

Orientation
Level of alertness, attention, and cooperation
Memory
Language
Calculations
Apraxia
Sequencing tasks
Abstraction

Question 2

Orientation

Answer 2

ask pt’s name, location, and date

part of mental status eval

Question 3

Level of alertness, attention, and cooperation

Answer 3

ask pt -
spell a word forward and backward
repeat a string of integers forward and backward
name the months forward and backward

part of mental status eval

Question 4

Memory

Answer 4

Recent - ask pt to recall three items after 5 min delay
Remote - ask pt to recall certain historical facts within pt’s memory (lifetime) “where did you go to high school?”

part of mental status eval

Question 5

Language

Answer 5

Object naming - ask pt to name 3 objects/shapes
Repetition - ask pt to repeat words or a sentence
Reading - ask pt to read a sentence

part of mental status eval

Question 6

Calculations

Answer 6

Simple additions and subtractions, should be two or more steps - ask pt to do a calculation

part of mental status eval

Question 7

Apraxia

Answer 7

Following a complex motor command like :pretend to comb your hair” or “ pretend to brush your teeth”

part of mental status eval

Question 8

Sequencing tasks

Answer 8

ask pt to tap the table with: fist, open palm, then side of open had (rock, paper, scissors) perform as rapidly as possible

part of mental status eval

Question 9

Abstraction

Answer 9

ask pt to interpret a proverb or colloquialism “the early bird gets the worm”

Question 10

Motor system exam

Answer 10

Inspection

Testing muscle strength

Question 11

Inspection (motor system exam)

Answer 11

1. check limbs and trunk for fasciculations (hands, shoulder, and thigh), involuntary movements or abnormal positions
2. look for atrophy/hypertrophy and perform circumferential mensuration (compare bilaterally)
3. observe posture and gait

Question 12

Testing muscle strength (motor system exam)

Answer 12

1. passively move limbs through ROM noting resistance and rigidity
2. ask pt to hold arms straight out front palms up for 20-30secs with eyes closed, look for drift to one side or (pronator drift), involuntary motion, signs of weakness
3. test muscle strength at multiple joints and record

Question 13

Coordination and Gait

Answer 13

Diadochokinesia (2)
Dysmetria (2)
Gait (2)

Question 14

Diadochokinesia (2)

Answer 14

patting test, supination-pronation test

part of coordination and gait

Question 15

Dysmetria (2)

Answer 15

index finger test, heel-shin test

Question 16

Gait (2)

Answer 16

Normal (walk away and toward)

tandem gait (DUI test - stright line - heel to toe)

forced gait testing (walk on heels away and toes toward)
be next to pt so they dont fall