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Diagnostic Imaging I > MT > Flashcards

MT Flashcards

1
Q

3 planes and what they divide

A

coronal - A/P
sagittal - R/L
transverse - S/I

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2
Q

Common radiographic views

A

AP/PA
RAO/LAO/RPO/LPO
axial
lateral

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3
Q

Roentgen

A

unit of radiation intensity in air

coulomb/kg

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4
Q

Rad

A

radiation absorbed dose - quantity of radiation received by pt.

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5
Q

Rem

A

radiation equivalent man - quantity of radiation received by radiation worker

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6
Q

Gray =?

A

= 100 rad

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7
Q

Sv =?

A

= 100 rem

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8
Q

Which body substance has the least radiographic density? How would it appear?

A

Air. Dark.

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9
Q

Which body substance has the greatest radiographic density? How would it appear?

A

Metal/bone. Light/white.

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10
Q

What is attenuation?

A

Loss of energy of a beam of radiant energy because of absorption, scattering, and other causes as the beam propagates through a medium

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11
Q

How does pathology affect attenuation?

A 
• Additive Condition
          Increased Attenuation (blastic)
• Destructive Condition
          Decreased Attenuation (lytic)
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12
Q

How are attenuation and radiographic blackness related?

A

The more attenuation, the less blackness

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13
Q

Which body substance attenuates most? least?

A

air (least), fat, water/muscle, bone, metal (most)

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14
Q

What is radiographic density? What x-ray factor controls it?

A

amount of blackness on film.
mA controls.
(density = blackness)

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15
Q

When you double mA and leave everything else as is, what happens to your radiographic image?
What happens to your patient?

A

Image blackness increased

Patient exposure increased

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16
Q

When you double exposure time and leave everything else as is, what happens to your image?
What happens to your patient?

A

Image blackness increased

Patient exposure increased

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17
Q

Which will give greater radiographic density, 100 mA at 1 sec or 200 mA at 0.5 sec?
Which is more likely to have motion blur?

A

Same density
100 mA at 1 sec more likely to have motion blur
(Incr mA, incr speed of exposure both decr motion blur)

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18
Q

What Xray factor is primarily responsible for controlling contrast?

A

kVp

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19
Q

What is generally meant by improving contrast?

A

Increasing # of shades of gray

20
Q

What is beam restriction?

A

reduces scatter, improves image quality and

greatly reduces patient exposure. Beam must always be restricted.

21
Q

What is scatter? Good? Bad?

A

secondary radiation that occurs when the useful beam intercepts any object. patient is the most significant source of scatter. serves no good purpose.

22
Q

How is scatter minimized?

A

beam restriction

23
Q

What is the purpose of a radiographic grid?

A

Grids absorb scatter radiation as it
exits patient’s body. This reduces
radiation fog and improves contrast.

24
Q

When should a radiographic grid be used?

A

Grids should be used with larger body

parts and higher kVp.

25
Q

Where is a radiographic grid placed? What is the visible effect of using a grid? Does it require more or less radiation?

A

placed between film and pt
increases sharpness and improves contrast
more radiation

26
Q

What is shape distortion? How can it be minimized?

A

elongation or foreshortening. Elongation occurs when tube or film are improperly
aligned. Foreshortening occurs when
body part is improperly aligned with film.

27
Q

What is size distortion? How can it be minimized?

A

magnification. results from
increased OID. Increased SID may
compensate.

28
Q

Are children more sensitive to radiation than adults?

A

yes

29
Q

What are the most sensitive body cells to radiation? least?

A

MOST Bone Marrow Gonadal Eye Lenses GI
(young, simple, rapidly dividing cells that use energy rapidly)
LEAST Muscle Nerve Chondrocyte

30
Q

How many REM = 1mSv?

A

1/10 REM

1 REM = 10 mSv

31
Q

Which joint spaces are seen well on routine shoulder (int and ext rot) views? Which joint space is not seen well?

A

glenohumeral joint not seen well

32
Q

Which views will demonstrate what is not seen well on routine shoulder views?

A

b

33
Q

When to order a PA/lateral chest exam?

A

b

34
Q

When to order a thoracic spine exam?

A

b

35
Q

When to order a rib exam?

A

b

36
Q

Why include an upright chest radiograph with a rib study?

A

b

37
Q

What are the differences between chest, thoracic spine, and rib exams?

A

THORACIC Higher contrast than chest studies, 60-80 kVp/small focal spot
CHEST
RIB

38
Q

What is a scaphoid view? Which side of the wrist is the scaphoid on?

A

Lateral side

39
Q

How to image lumbar spine instability?

A

b

40
Q

What is a pars interarticularis fracture? What condition might it result in?

A

b

41
Q

In addition to the routine three-view which cervical spine views are indicated when radicular sx are noted?

A

b

42
Q

Single best view for sacroiliac joints and lumbosacral area?

A

b

43
Q

A common fracture site in cases of inversion ankle sprain is the base of the 5th MT. Which additional views demonstrate the area?

A

b

44
Q

What study demonstrates the pneumoperitoneum and/or bowel obstruction?

A

AP abdomen view upright,
PA Chest X-ray , or
Left lateral decubitus if patient cannot stand

45
Q

What plain radiographic study will be useful in determining whether a pt has a leg length inequality?

A

b

Diagnostic Imaging I (1 decks)

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