MT 1 Short Answer Flashcards
1
Q
Utopia/dystopia
A
UTOPIA
- Etymologically: “no-place”
- Ideal community
- Can exist either in the imagination (fictional utopias) or as a real-life experiment
(A term often used dismissively by pragmatists)
DYSTOPIA
- Etymologically: bad + place
- Degraded community
- Can also be imaginary or real
2
Q
Symmetrical/asymmetrical identity formation
A
- In cultural identity, the Scandinavian triangle can be described as a system of simple binary relationships
- Norwegians: a bit rural and very nationalistic, naive/friendly, rustic
- Danes: easy-going, sociable, hedonistic
- Swedes: strict/cold, BIG State energy, materialistic
3
Q
Hygge
A
- coziness
- the warm feeling you get while enjoying the company of great friends and all life has to offer
- every-day phenomenon
4
Q
Lagom
A
- literally: “around the table”
- just enough - not too much or too little, moderation
- opposed to US - perfection/striving for more all the time
5
Q
Right of Public Access
A
- first gov’t intervention to protect: 1957 Norwegian “Outdoor Recreation Act”
- protect the natural basis for outdoor recreation and to safeguard the public right of access to and passage through the countryside
- protect leisure activity that are healthy, environmentally sound
6
Q
Enlightenment
A
- A philosophical movement which started in Europe in the 1700s.
- emphasized reason and the scientific method.
- focus on government, ethics, and science, rather than on imagination, emotions, or religion.
7
Q
Binomial nomenclature
A
- the main contribution of the Linnaean system of classification of the natural world
- paired a Latin genus term with a species term to form a universally accepted, unique name.
8
Q
Acclimatization (for Linnaeus)
A
- the process by which organisms become habituated to a new environment
- Linnaeus believed in this for all plants, specifically tea, and sent “Linnaen Voyagers” to go find them from other places
- said he quit science when this was disproved
- against the tide of globalization - wanted Sweden to be self-sufficient
9
Q
Legend
A
- A single narrative episode
- Told conversationally
- Told as true
- Claims historical statusIs tellable (repeated by others)
- Engages with teller’s environment (“eoctypified”)
- Conveys the dominant values of the group
- offer guidance and provide explanations for the unexplained
- underline worldviews, social hierarchies, beliefs, values, anxieties, threats and more
10
Q
Ballad
A
- historic, heroic, knightly narrative songs
- told in short stanzas, direct narration
11
Q
Folktale
A
- fictional amusing or wondrous content
- unspecified place: can work for any place
- ex: Cinderella
12
Q
Liminal
A
- being an intermediate state between defined states
- a threshold experience; for example, the time of engagement before marriage, adolescence, twilight, New Year’s, a bridge
13
Q
Disenchantment
A
- “desacralization that sees supernatural belief as a vestige of a more primitive stage of human society”
- equated with modernization (transition from a condition of pre-modern belief to secular, scientific thought.)
- coined by Max Weber, a German sociologist
14
Q
Romanticism
A
- a movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century
- emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual
- rose-tinted glasses, back-to-nature, nature as awe-inspiring
15
Q
Ekphrasis
A
- transposition of visual or material objects into verbal art through vivid description
- enacts hierarchy of spirit over material
- example: the golden horns
16
Q
Tivoli
A
- a famous amusement park that opened just outside the old Copenhagen city wall in 1843
- inspired HCA to write “The Nightingale”
- there were Asian fantasies built into the architecture with a “pantomime theater” built in Chinese style in 1874.
17
Q
Naturalism
A
- Time frame for its dominance: 1870-1895
- Modernity and the environment
- Interest in the contemporary (present)
- Material view of nature and culture
- Nature is dispassionate, godless
- Natural beauty is an end in itself
- The scientific observer is the central figure
- Cosmopolitan
- Middle-class interest in the working poor
18
Q
Natural Selection
A
- A natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment.
- Proposed by Darwin
- implications: arguments for seeing the human as embedded in nature as one animal among many, whose behavior is governed primarily by a struggle for survival