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Mste Flashcards

1
Q

It is nothing more than a column driving into the soil to support a structure by transferring building loads to a deeper and stronger layer of soil rock

A

Piles

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2
Q

This sign in forms and advise road users of the directions,distance routes, the location of services for the road users and point of intersect

A

Guide sign

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3
Q

Ways of avoiding traffic conflicts

A. Grde separation
B. Space sharing
C. Time sharing
D. All of the above

A

D

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4
Q

The difference between the actual travel time of a given segment of a transportation system and some ideal travel time for the segment

A

Delay

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5
Q

Cracks of proximately at right angle to the pavement center line this may be caused by shrinkage or differential thermal stress of the asphalt concrete or maybe reflective cracks

A

Transverse cracks

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6
Q

The provisions of safety site distance depends on the characteristic of the road environment such as

I. Road geometry
II. Road surface
III. Road illumination at night
Iv. Topography

A. II AND IV
B. I AND IV
C. All of theabove
D. I, II, III

A

C

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7
Q

One of the provisions of safety site distance depends on the characteristic of the vehicle which are follows

I. Type of vehicles car or truck
II. Friction between the tire and the road
III. EYESIGHT OF THE DRIVER
IV. Speed of vehicle

A. II and III
B. IV
C. All of the above
D. III

A

A

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8
Q

To level a floor or layer of concrete with a straight and choosing a back and forth motion while moving across the surface

A

Screeding

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9
Q

Owing to the retardation of the tidal wave in the ocean by frictional force as the earth revolved daily around its axis and as the tide tends to follow the direction of the moon the highest tide for each location is not coincidence with conjunction and opposition but occurs at some constant time after new and full moon. This interval which may amount to as much as 2.5 days is known as

A

Age of tides

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10
Q

Wearing way of the pavement surface caused by dislodging of aggregate particles and binders. This is usually it is a result of insufficient asphalt binders in the mix or stripping of asphalt from particles of algorithms

A

Raveling

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11
Q

The most important process to prepare concrete

A

Batching

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12
Q

A ttst to determine the relative consistency of concrete

A

Slump test

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13
Q

These are written instructions detailing how the facility is to be constructed

A

Specification

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14
Q

These are circumstances or deviation from standard condition which could permit an occurrence of accident or incident

A

Risk

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15
Q

It is the single most important environmental factor in the broad field of coastal engineering

A

Wave

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16
Q

It is a construction operation that concrete should be protected so that moisture is not lost during the early stages of hardening and it should be kept at a temperature that will promote hydration and also protect against injury from subsequent construction activities

A

Curing

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17
Q

It is a combination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event which specified circumstances and the severity of injury or damage of health of the people,property, environment for any combination of this caused by the event

A

Risk

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18
Q

What is the worst condition which should be considered in relation to the design of Costal defence works

A. Position in relation to still water level
B. Offshore wave climate
C. Extreme wave height
D. Combination of unusually high sea level and severe wave action

A

D. Combination of unusually high sea level and severe wave action

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19
Q

Waves are formed by the fictional drug of when the cross the water surface. This is a process of transferring energy from wind to water water particles are moved from their position by the wind and then return to the original position by gravity which is restoring force this waves are called

A

Gravity waves

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20
Q

Which of the following is more accurate parameter of traffic capacity; volume or density and why?

A. Volume is more accurate: only volume is a function of cars in a given length of roadway
B. Density is more accurate: only density is a function of cars in a given length of roadway
C. Volume is more accurate: only volume has units of time
D. Density is more accurate: only density has units of time

A

B

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21
Q

Which of the following are the concept of safe design for construction?

I. The design of structure to be built
Ii. There’s some system to be included in the structure ( electrical, mechanical, plumbing etc.)
Iii. The equipment involved in building the structure
IV. The inside facilities such as man lifts, elevators, concrete batch plants and rock crushing or gravel processing or asphalt plants
V. The manpower of structure

A. All of the above
B. I,II,III
C.I,II,III,IV
D. I,III,IV,V

A

D

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22
Q

It occur as concrete hardens being greater in wet mixes curing helps to limit effects and therefore concrete in the actual structure should be thoroughly and continuously moistened for some considerable period after placing

A

Shrinkage

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23
Q

The single initial application of bituminous material to an existing bituminous, portland concrete, or block surface or base is called

A

Prime coat

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24
Q

The idea capacity of road in vehicles per hour is

A

2000 vph

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25
Q

Which of the following satisfy the requirement for estimating expected activity times in a PERT network?

I. Make use of three estimates
II. Puts The greatest Sweet on the most likely times estimate
III. Is motivated by the beta distribution

A

All of the above

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26
Q

The sound Creeks and groans that one hears inside the buildings are in fact materials response to external stimuli such as heat, wind and gravity loads. These stimuli falls into four categories what are these major properties that exhibit by materials?

A

Mechanical, thermal, electrical and chemical

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27
Q

In the standard practice of measuring vertical or zenith angles the following practices are great importance
I. Be sure the instrument is level
II. Sight with vertical crosshair
III. Sight EXACTLY ON THE TARGET
IV. Sight direct and reverse

A. I only
B. I,III,IV only
C. All of the above
D. I and III only

A

B

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28
Q

It is the probability of a mechanism that will function satisfactory. If the mechanism is to operate in terminally and briefly it is also refers to performance on a given occasion. If the mechanism is to operate continuously it refers its performance for a specific period of time.

A

Reliability

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29
Q

Which of the following is the calculation of the probability that the critical path Will be completed by the time T?

I. Assumes that the activity times are the statistically independent
II. Assumes that the total time of the critical path has approximately beta distribution
III. Requires knowledge of the standard deviation for all activities in the network

A. I only
B. All of the above
C. III ONLY
D. II inly

A

D

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30
Q

Compacting applies energy to soil the consolidate it by compressing air voids to increase the soils dry density. Which of these are the objectives of proper compacting

I. Minimize settling
II. Increase The soils load bearing characteristics
III. INCREASES SOIL STABILITY
IV. Reduces water penetration
V. Protect slope that will drain water away

A. 1, 3, 4, 5
B. 1, 2 ,3, 4
C. 2, 3, 4, 5
D. All of these

A

B

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31
Q

When the train passes on curbs which have no super elevation it will give the thrust on the

A

Inner side of outer rail

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32
Q

Of all paths through the network the critical path

A

Has the maximum expected time

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33
Q

Which of all the following are true statements

  1. All symmetric histograms had single peaks
  2. All symmetric bell shape curves are normal
  3. All normal curves are bell shape and symmetric

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D all of the above

A

B

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34
Q

In the measures of congestion of highway capacity, what will happen as the density continues to increase?

A. Running speed and traffic flow is minimum
B. The point is reached at which speed declines noticeably
C. Minimum rate flow is eventually reached
D. Increase speeds and reduced flow rate

A

The point is reached at which speed declines noticeably

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35
Q

Device mounted on a fixed support (permanent signs) or portable support (temporary signs) whereby a specific message is conveyed by means of words or symbols placed or erected for the purpose of regulating, warning or guiding traffic

A. Special instruction signs
B. Roadwork signs
C. Traffic signs
D. Overhead signs

A

Traffic signs

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36
Q

Warn or advise of temporary hazardous conditions that could endanger road users or the men and equipment engaged on roadwork

A

Roadwork signs

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37
Q

Signs that instruct road users to meet certain traffic rule requirements or road condition

A

Special instruction signs

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38
Q

What is the process of proportioning the cement, water, aggregates and additives prior to mixing concrete called?

A. Batching
B. Curing
C. Paving
D. Mixing

A

Batching

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39
Q

What is the crucial step in the production of concrete as it ensures that the correct proportions of materials are used to achieve the desired strength, durability, and workability of the final product?

A

Batching

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40
Q

What is the process that typically involves weighing or measuring out the cement, water, aggregates, and additives according to a predetermined recipe or mix design?

A

Batching

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41
Q

True or False

It is important to ensure that the batching process is done accurately and consistently to ensure the quality and consistency of the final product. Any variation in the proportions of materials used can result in changes to the properties of the concrete, which can affect its strength, durability, and workability

A

True

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42
Q

A wave generated in deep water, when reaching shoaling waters, charges not only in its height but also in its length but the period will

A. Decrease
B. Remain constant
C. None of these
D. Increase

A

Decrease

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43
Q

A wave generated in deep water, when reaching shoaling waters, charges not only in its height but also in its length but the period will decrease, this phenomenon is known as what?

A

Wave shoaling

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44
Q

True or False

When a wave generated in deep water enters shallow water, the wave encounters a change in water depth which causes the wave to slow down. As the wave slows down, the wave length decreases and the wave height increases, which results in a steeper wave profile. However, the period of wave, which is the time it takes for one complete wave cycle to pass a given point, will decrease. This is because the speed of the wave is directly related to the water depth, and as the water depth decreases, the wave speed decreases as well. Since the period of the wave is determined by the wave speed and wave length, a decrease in wave speed results in a decrease in wave period

A

True

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45
Q

True or False

It is important for engineers and **coastal managers **to understand wave shoaling in order to design structures and manage coastal environments in a way that minimizes risk to human life and property

A

True

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46
Q

A maximum wave height and wave period of the maximum wave height in wave train

A. Significant wave
B. Highest wave
C. Equivalent depth water wave height
D. Deep water wave

A

Significant wave

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47
Q

What is defined as the average height of the highest one-third of waves in a wave train?

A

Significant wave

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48
Q

What is commonly used as a measure of the overall wave height and energy in a sea state?

A

Significant wave

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49
Q

What is often reported in weather forecasts and marine navigation charts?

A

Significant wave

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50
Q

** What is the average time between the crests of the highest one-third of waves in a wave train?

A

Significant wave period

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51
Q

True or False

Significant wave height and significant wave period are important for marine safety and design of coastal structures and also to offshore operations such as oil and gas exploration and wind energy production

A

True

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52
Q

When directly generated and affected by local winds, a wind wave system is called:

A. Wind sea
B. Wind seiching
C. Wind wakes
D. Wind swell

A

Wind sea

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53
Q

What are typically caused when strong winds and rapid changes in atmospheric pressure push water from one end of a body of water to the other?

A

Seiches

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54
Q

What are created by the wind blowing above the ocean close to the shore?

A

Wind swells

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55
Q

When directly generated and affected by local wind, a wind wave system is called a what?

A

Wind sea

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56
Q

A property of a material which it has the same composition at every point but the elastic property may not be same in all directions

A. Homogenous
B. Orthotropic
C. Prismatic
D. Isotropic

A

Isotropic

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57
Q

A property of a material that has the same elastic properties in all directions

A. Homogenous
B. Orthotropic
C. Prismatic
D. Isotropic

A

Homogenous

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58
Q

A property of a material in which the composition material exhibits elastic properties in one direction different from that in perpendicular direction

A. Homogenous
B. Orthotropic
C. Prismatic
D. Isotropic

A

Orthotropic

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59
Q

What are the materials whose properties remain the same when tested in different directions?

A

Isotropic materials

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60
Q

What are the materials which display varying properties when tested in different directions?

A

Anisotropic materials

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61
Q

What are the (3) common isotropic materials?

A
  1. Glass
  2. Plastics
  3. Metals
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62
Q

If the mechanical or thermal properties of a material are unique and independent in (3) mutually perpendicular directions, it is considered as what?

A

Orthotropic

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63
Q

What are the materials that have uniform composition throughout that cannot be mechanically disjointed, in principle, into different materials?

A

Homogenous materials

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64
Q

What is the term that simply means the cross-section is the same at any location across the long axis of the beam?

A

Prismatic

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65
Q

Which of the following describes the location of an earthquake besides epicenter

A. Fault line
B. Dip angle
C. Ground displacement
D. Focal depth

A

Focal depth

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66
Q

What is a fracture plane in the earth’s crust across which relative displacement has occurred?

A

Fault line

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67
Q

What is the angle of a formation referenced from the horizontal plane?

A

Dip angle

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68
Q

What pertains to how far the surface moves during the earthquake?

A

Ground displacement

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69
Q

Seismometer measures?

A. Actual displacement
B. Components of ground motion
C. Reference point
D. Attenuation

A

Components of ground motion

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70
Q

A seismometer (which may be a pendulum or a mass mounted on a spring) is the internal part of what intrument?

A

Seismograph

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71
Q

True or False

Seismometer is often used synonymously with seismograph

A

True

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72
Q

What are the instruments used to record the motion of the ground during an earthquake?

A

Seismograph

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73
Q

A Richter scale measures _ of an earthquake

A. Magnitude
B. Intensity
C. Drift
D. Amplitude

A

Magnitude

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74
Q

True or False

Richter scale is qualitative measure of an earthquake’s magnitude (size)

A

False, Richter scale is a quantitative measure of an earthquake’s magnitude (size)

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75
Q

The earthquake’s magnitude is determined using what?

A

Logarithm of the amplitude (height) of the largest seismic wave calibrated to a scale by a seismograph

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76
Q

What refers to the probability that a system, product, or process will function properly for a specified period of time and under specified conditions?

A

Reliability

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77
Q

What is the measure of the ability of a system to perform its intended function without failure?

A

Reliability

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78
Q

What is the period of time required for the profit or other benefits of an investment to equal the cost of the investment?

A

Payback period

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79
Q

What is an economic concept that refers to the amount of money an individual or society is willing to pay to reduce the risk of premature death?

A

Value of a statistical life (VSL)

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80
Q

VSL is typically measured by estimating the _ of individuals or society to reduce the probability of death by a small amount

A

Willingness-to-pay (WTP)

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81
Q

What is the force required to overcome the friction between the tires and the ground?

A

Rolling resistance

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82
Q

What represents the component of vehicle weight which acts parallel to an inclined surface?

A

Grade resistance

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83
Q

It is nothing more than a column driven into the soil to support a structure by transferring building loads to a deeper and stronger layer of soil or rock

A. Caisson
B. Shoring
C. Pier
D. Pile

A

Pile

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84
Q

What is a watertight structure that is used to carry out construction or repair work in the water, particularly in the construction of bridges, dams, and other large structures?

A

Caisson

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85
Q

What is a box-like structure made of reinforced concrete or steel that is open at the bottom and closed at the top?

A

Caisson

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86
Q

What is a temporary support system used in construction to provide temporary structural support to an existing structure or excavation?

A

Shoring

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87
Q

What is typically used to prevent collapse or instability during construction work, such as excavation, demolition, or renovation of a building?

A

Shoring

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88
Q

What refers to a raised platform or structure that extends out over a body of water, such as river, harbor, or ocean, and provides a docking point for ships to load and unload cargo or passengers?

A

Pier

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89
Q

This sign informs and advise road users of the directions, distances, routes, the location of services for the road users and point of interest

A. Advance direction sign
B. Guide sign
C. Traffic instruction sign
D. Crossroad sign

A

Guide sign

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90
Q

What are used to provide information to road users about routes, directions, distances, points of interest, and the location of services such as gas stations, rest areas, hospitals, and hotels?

A

Guide sign

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91
Q

What are usually placed on highways, expressways, and other major roads to help drivers navigate and plan their trips?

A

Guide sign

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92
Q

What are the (3) places where guide signs are usually placed?

A
  1. Highways
  2. Expressways
  3. Other major roads
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93
Q

What is a type of traffic sign used to provide information, guidance or instructions to road users?

A

Traffic instruction sign

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94
Q

What are the signs that are typically used to indicate speed limits, direction of travel, lane usage, parking regulations, and other traffic regulations?

A

Traffic institution sign

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95
Q

What are the (2) characteristics of traffic institution signs?

A
  1. Usually rectangular in shape
  2. Designed with bold, easy-to-read lettering and symbols (to convey their message clearly and quickly to drivers)
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96
Q

True or False

Traffic institution signs are not an important component of traffic control systems and does not help ensure safe and efficient traffic flow

A

False, traffic institution signs are an important component of traffic control systems and help ensure safe and efficient traffic flow

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97
Q

Ways of avoiding traffic conflicts

A. Grade separation
B. Space-sharing
C. Time-sharing
D. All of these

A

All of these

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98
Q

What involves separating conflicting flows of traffic vertically, such as through the use of overpasses or underpasses?

A

Grade separation

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99
Q

What are the (2) examples of grade separation?

A

Use of:
1. Overpasses
2. Underpasses

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100
Q

What involves sharing the same space with other road users, such as through the use of shared lanes or bike lanes?

A

Space-sharing

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101
Q

What involves allocating different times for different flows of traffic, such as through the use of reversible lanes or time-of-day restrictions?

A

Time-sharing

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102
Q

What are the (2) examples of time-sharing?

A

Use of:
1. Reversible lanes
2. Time-of-day restrictions

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103
Q

What involves providing separate facilities for different types of traffic, such as bike lanes, sidewalks, and medians?

A

Separating traffic

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104
Q

What regulates the movement of vehicles and pedestrians at intersections to avoid conflicts?

A

Traffic signals

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105
Q

What are circular intersections that move traffic in a counterclockwise direction, eliminating left turns and reducing the number of conflict points?

A

Roundabouts

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106
Q

What are structures that carry (1) mode of transportation over another, such as overpasses and underpasses, to avoid conflicts at intersections?

A

Grade separations

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107
Q

Reducing speed limits in areas with high pedestrian or bicycle traffic can help to reduce the risk of conflicts

A

Speed limits

108
Q

Clear and visible signs and markings can help drivers and pedestrians understand the rules of the road and avoid conflicts

A

Proper signage and markings

109
Q

Providing education and awareness campaigns can help to promote safe behaviors and reduce conflicts on the road

A

Education and awareness

110
Q

The difference between the actual travel time of a given segment of a transportation system and some ideal travel time for that segment

A. Travel time
B. Service time
C. Queue time
D. Delay

111
Q

What is the other term for “delay”?

A

Travel time delay

112
Q

What is a measure of the additional time that a traveler spends on a trip compared to the expected or ideal travel time for that trip?

A

Travel time delay

113
Q

True or False

Delay can have significant impacts on transportation systems and users, including travel costs, reduced reliability, and decreased accessibility. It is often used as a key performance indicator in transportation planning and managements, and efforts are made to reduce delay through various strategies such as traffic management, route optimization, and travel demand management

114
Q

What is the time a vehicle spends waiting in a queue, such as in traffic or at a toll booth?

A

Queue time

115
Q

What is the average or total time that a vehicle spends in a queue during a certain period, such as rush hour or peak travel times?

A

Queue time

116
Q

True or False

Reducing queue time is often a goal of transportation planning and management, as it can improve safety, reduce emissions, and increase efficiency of the transportation system

117
Q

Cracks approximately at right angles to the pavement centerline. These may be caused by shrinkage or differential thermal stress of the asphalt or concrete or maybe reflective cracks

A. Transverse cracks
B. Longitudinal cracks
C. Alligator crack
D. Block crack

A

Transverse cracks

118
Q

What is a type of distress in asphalt pavement that appears as a series of interconnected cracks resembling an alligator’s skin?

A

Alligator crack

119
Q

What is the type of cracking that is usually caused by a combination of factors such as aging, poor drainage, heavy traffic loads, and inadequate pavement thickness?

A

Alligator crack

120
Q

What is considered a severe type of distress that can lead to potholes and structural failure of the pavement if left untreated?

A

Alligator cracking

121
Q

What is a type of pavement distress that appears as interconnected rectangular cracks, resembling a block pattern?

A

Block crack

122
Q

What type of pavement distress is caused by the shrinkage of the asphalt concrete surface due to temperature changes or aging of the pavement, and it can also be due to poor construction practices or inadequate design?

A

Block crack

123
Q

What can reduce the skid resistance of the pavement surface and can lead to water infiltration, which can accelerate the rate of pavement deterioration?

A

Block cracking

124
Q

What are cracks in a pavement that run parallel to the direction of traffic flow or the pavement centerline?

A

Longitudinal cracks

125
Q

Aside from the combination of (4) factors that can cause longitudinal cracks, what are the other (2) causes of longitudinal cracks?

A
  1. Shrinkage of the asphalt concrete
  2. Reflective cracking from an underlying layer
126
Q

If left untreated, longitudinal cracks can allow water to penetrate the pavement, which can lead to further damage, what are these (2) further damages?

A
  1. Potholes
  2. Base failures
127
Q

The provision of safety sight distance depends on the characteristics of the road environment such as:
I. Road geometry
II. Road surface
III. Road illumination at night
IV. Road topography

A. II and IV only
B. I and IV only
C. All of the above
D. I, II, and III only

A

All of the above

128
Q

True or False

Road geometry, road surface conditions, road illumination at night, and road topography are the factors that can impact the ability of drivers to see and respond to potential hazards on the road, so they must be considered when designing safe roads and highways

129
Q

One of the provisions of safety sight distance depends on the characteristics of the vehicle which are as follows:
I. Type of vehicles, car, or truck
II. Friction between the tire and the road
III. Eye height of the driver
IV. Speed of vehicle

A. II and III only
B. IV only
C. All of the above
D. III only

A

II and III only

130
Q

What is the distance required for a driver to see an object in their path and bring their vehicle to a stop before colliding with the object?

A

Safety sight distance

131
Q

The value of safety sight distance depends on what (3) various factors?

A
  1. Speed of the vehicle
  2. Driver’s reaction time
  3. Braking distance of the vehicle
132
Q

True or False

The characteristics of the vehicle, such as its type and the friction between the tires and the road cannot affect the required safety sight distance

A

False, the characteristics of the vehicle, such as its type and the friction between the tires and the road can also affect the required safety sight distance

133
Q

True or False

I. Type of vehicles, car, or truck
II. Friction between the tire and the road
III. Eye height of the driver
IV. Speed of vehicle

Among the given choices, options II and III are characteristics of the vehicle that can affect the required safety sight distance, while options I and IV can also affect the required safety sight distance, but they are not characteristics of the vehicle itself

134
Q

To level a floor or layer of concrete with a straight edge using a back-and-forth motion while moving across the surface

A. Floating
B. Trowelling
C. Finishing
D. Screeding

135
Q

What is the process of leveling a layer of concrete, mortar, or other material with a straight edge or screed board?

136
Q

The screed board is typically made of what (3) materials?

A
  1. Wood
  2. Aluminum
  3. Magnesium
137
Q

True or False

During screeding, the screed board is moved across the surface of the material, typically from (1) end to the other, using a sawing or back-and-forth motion. This motion helps to distribute the material evenly across the surface and to smooth out any bumps or irregularities

138
Q

After screeding, the surface is typically finished with a what?

A

Trowel or float

139
Q

After screeding, what are the (2) purposes of finishing the surface with a trowel or float?

A
  1. To remove any remaining imperfections
  2. To create a smooth, level surface
140
Q

What is the important step in the construction of concrete slabs, floors, and other flat surfaces, and it requires skill and attention to detail to achieve a high-quality finished product?

141
Q

What is a finishing technique used in concrete construction to smooth and level the surface of freshly poured concrete?

A

Trowelling

142
Q

What is a hand tool with a flat blade used to apply, spread, and smooth concrete, plaster, or other materials?

143
Q

In concrete construction, after the concrete is poured and screeded, what is typically done once the surface is firm enough to support the weight of a worker without sinking in or leaving footprints?

A

Trowelling

144
Q

What are the (2) processes of trowelling that helps to create a durable, dense, and smooth surface finish on the concrete?

A

Trowelling process can be done with a:
1. Hand-held trowel
2. Power trowel

145
Q

What is a concrete finishing process where a large, flat-bladed tool is used to level and smooth the surface of freshly poured concrete?

146
Q

What is the large, flat-bladed tool used in floating?

147
Q

When is floating typically done?

A

After the initial screeding process

148
Q

What are the (2) purposes of floating after the initial screeding process?

A
  1. To remove any surface imperfections
  2. Consolidate the concrete surface
149
Q

True or False

Floating helps to create a smooth, dense, and uniform surface that is ready for further finishing or sealing

150
Q

True or False

Finishing in the context of concrete construction refers to the initial stage in which the surface of the concrete is treated to achieve the desired appearance, texture, and durability

A

False, finishing in the context of concrete construction refers to the final stage in which the surface of the concrete is treated to achieve the desired appearance, texture, and durability

151
Q

True or False

In addition to the functional benefits of finishing, a well-finished concrete surface can also enhance the overall look and value of a structure

152
Q

Owing to the retardation of the tidal wave in the ocean by frictional force, as the earth revolved daily around its axis and as the tides tends to follow the direction of the moon, the highest tide for each location is not coincident with conjunction and opposition but occurs at some constant time after new and full moon. This interval which may amount to as much as 2.5 days is known as:

A. Semi-diurnal tide
B. Age of tides
C. Lunar tide
D. Diurnal tide

A

Age of tides

153
Q

What is the interval which may amount to as much as 2.5 days between the highest tide for each location and new or full moon?

A

Age of tides

154
Q

What is a type of tidal pattern characterized by a single high tide and a single low tide in a tidal day, which lasts for 24 hours and 50 minutes?

A

Diurnal tide

155
Q

True or False

In a diurnal tide, the difference between high and low tide is usually not as great as in other types of tides, such as semi-diurnal tides, which have (2) high tides and (2) low tides in a tidal day

156
Q

What is the regular rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon on the Earth’s oceans?

A

Lunar tides

157
Q

What is the pattern of tidal fluctuations characterized by (2) high tides and (2) low tides of approximately equal size occurring in a 24-hour period?

A

Semi-diurnal tides

158
Q

Wearing way of the pavement surface caused by dislodging of aggregate particles and binder. This is usually a result of insufficient asphalt binder in the mix or stripping of asphalt from particles of aggregate.

A. Raveling
B. Bleeding
C. Joint crack spalling
D. Flushing

159
Q

What is a form of distress in asphalt pavement characterized by the upward movement of asphalt binder in the pavement surface?

160
Q

What is the occurrence of a film of asphalt binder on the pavement?

161
Q

True or False

Flushing is caused by excessive application of a low viscosity asphalt emulsion or an asphalt binder

162
Q

What is the deterioration or breaking of concrete at joints or cracks due to the effect of traffic loading, temperature changes, and freeze-thaw cycles?

A

Joint crack spalling

163
Q

Joint crack spalling can lead to the disintegration of the concrete around the joint or crack, causing what?

A

Spalling or breaking off of the edges of the concrete

164
Q

The most important process to prepare concrete.

A. Batching
B. Admixture
C. Cement-aggregate ratio
D. Water-cement ratio

165
Q

What is the material added to concrete in addition to cement, water, and aggregates during the mixing process?

166
Q

What are the (5) different types of admixtures?

A
  1. Air-entraining agents
  2. Water-reducing agents
  3. Accelerating agents
  4. Retarding agents
  5. Superplasticizers
167
Q

A test to determine the relative consistency of concrete.

A. Water-cement ratio
B. Aggregate-cement ratio
C. All of these
D. Slump test

A

Slump test

168
Q

What measures the consistency or workability of fresh concrete before it sets?

A

Slump test

169
Q

What is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement used in a concrete mix?

A

Water-cement ratio

170
Q

What are the differences between low water-cement ratio vs high water-cement ratio?

A

Low water-cement ratio (i.e., using less water per unit weight of cement| results in stronger and more durable concrete, but it may also make the concrete more difficult to work with and slow down the setting time) vs High water-cement ratio (i.e., using more water per unit weight of cement | results in easier workability and faster setting time, but it can also lead to weaker and less durable concrete)

171
Q

These are written instructions detailing how the facility is to be constructed.

A. Plans
B. Estimates
C. Specifications
D. Bid documents

A

Specifications

172
Q

What are set of written instructions that describe the technical requirements, materials, methods, and standards to be used for the construction of a facility or infrastracture project?

A

Construction specifications

173
Q

What are an essential part of the construction contract documents and are used by contractors to bid on the project and to guide the construction work?

A

Construction specifications

174
Q

What are used by inspectors and building officials to verify that the construction work meets the required standards and codes?

A

Construction specifications

176
Q

Signs used to guide drivers through a change in horizontal alignment of the road

A

Chevron signs

177
Q

The basic lane with appropriate for national road is

178
Q

Delineation of the road alignment needs to be considered as part of the design process to ensure that adequate guidance is provided to road users. Delineation is generally provided by the use of the following devices:

I. Pavement markings
Ii. Signs
Iii. Guidepost
Iv. Reflected delineators
V. Lighting
Vi. Curb or other physical devices

A. I,II,II AND IV
B. II, III, IV AND VI
C. I,IV,V,VI
D. All of the above

179
Q

Operating a motor vehicle on a street or highway can be complex and demanding at times but it can be boring at other times. This range of circumstances coupled with the range of driver capabilities presence a challenge to the highway designer. It is helpful to begin with considering three essential elements such as navigation, guidance, and control is referred to as:

A

Driving task

180
Q

Signs that inform road users about the directions and distances of destinations on the route they are following are along other roads that intersect their route

A

Guide signs

181
Q

What are some important properties of queuing diagrams?

I. The slope of the is D departure rate the slope of A is the arrival rate
II. Cumulative departures can never exceed cumulative arrivals can never be above in the queuing diagram
Iii. The departure cannot exceed the service rate or capacity of the service it may be less
Iv. When queue is present the departure rate will equal the service rate. When no queues is present the departure rate will equal the arrival rate. The queue first forms the arrival rate for succeed the service time

A. I,II,III
B. ALL OF THE ABOVE
C. II,III,IV
D.I,II IV

182
Q

Any structure built into the sea but not parallel to the coastline includes any stage, stairs, landing place, landing stage, jetty, floating barge or pontoon and any bridge or any works connected their weed a bench structural projecting out from the short line

183
Q

Because concrete is unable to maintain a particular shape before it sets it must be placed in a form or mold in building construction this is called

184
Q

What is the capacity requirement for scaffolding

A

At most four times its weight

185
Q

It is a measure of materials ability to dissipate or deaden mechanical vibrations

186
Q

It is informal group discussion that focuses on a particular safety issues. This can be used daily to promote department safety cultures as well as to facilitate health and safety discussion on job site is known as

A

Tool box meeeting

187
Q

protecting employees from cave inns from material that could fall a role from an excavation face or into an excavation or collapse of adjacent structures. This include super system sloping and benching system, shield systems, and other systems that provides in a society protections

A

Protective system

188
Q

I’m at the protecting workers from cave-ins for excavating the sides on an excavation to form one or a series of horizontal level or steps usually with vertical or new vertical surfaces between levels

189
Q

A formal or legally binding agreement between two parties is referred to us

190
Q

It’s the first after the completion of construction in the resolution of the majority of punch list and commissioning issues

A

Turnover of the project

191
Q

This drawing of elevation as its vertical axis and horizontal distance is measured along the certerline of the facility or other reference line as its horizontal axis

192
Q

If you are preparing a report on PERT CPM network in a construction job what time scheduling should you consider in the preparation of PERT CPM network diagram

A. Pessimistic time
B. Optimistic time
C. Probable time
D. All of the above

193
Q

It provides the redial requirements for the materials equipments and workmanship to be incorporated into the project

A

Specifications

194
Q

The bucket volume fun things within the bucket when the following outline of the bucket side is referred to as

A

Plate line capacity

195
Q

What are waves travelling across a body of water where depth is greater than half the wavelength **

A

Deep-water waves

196
Q

What are the waves travelling in water where depth is less than half the wavelength but greater than one-twentieth the wavelength **

A

Transitional waves

197
Q

What are the waves travelling in water where depth is less than one-twentieth the wavelength **

A

Shallow-water waves

198
Q

What are the waves that are unstable shallow-water waves?

A

Breaking shallow-water waves

199
Q

What are the waves that begin to break when the seas are confused (waves from mixed directions) or when the wind blows the crests off waves, forming whitecaps?

A

Breaking deep-water waves

200
Q

What is the measure of time it takes for the wave cycle to complete?

A

Wave period

201
Q

These are circumstances or deviation from standard condition which could permit an occurrence of accident or incident

A. Hazard
B. Unsafe act
C. Unsafe condition
D. Risk

202
Q

What is anything that can cause harm, damage, or injury to people, property, or the environment?

203
Q

It is the single most important environmental factor in the broad field of coastal engineering

A. Coastal erosion
B. Sand
C. Sea
D. Wave

204
Q

What can cause erosion, transport sediment, and create coastal structures such as beaches, dunes, and cliffs?

205
Q

True or False

Coastal engineers use various techniques to study waves, such as wave modeling and physical testing in wave tanks or wave flumes, to design effective coastal protection measures and manage erosion

206
Q

It is a construction operation that concrete should be protected so that moisture is not lost during the early stages of hardening, and it should be kept at a temperature that will promote hydration and also protect against injury from subsequent construction activities

A. Curing
B. Scaling
C. Sprinkling
D. Ponding

207
Q

What is the process of keeping newly poured concrete moist and at a proper temperature to allow it to gain strength and harden properly?

208
Q

The temperature range that is optimal for curing varies depending on the specific mix design of the concrete, but typically, what is the range of temperature for curing?

A

10 - 32 °C

209
Q

What is the most common and inexpensive method of curing a flat surface like slab or road pavements?

210
Q

True or False

Sprinkling of water continuously on the concrete surface provides an efficient curing

211
Q

What is a local flaking or peeling of a finished surface of hardened concrete as a result of exposure to freezing and thawing?

212
Q

It is combination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event with specified period in specified circumstances and the severity of injury or damage of health of the people, property, environment or any combination of these caused by the event

A. Hazard
B. Unsafe condition
C. Risk
D. Unsafe act

213
Q

What is a measure of the probability and consequences of an event occurring, and is often expressed as the product of the probability of the event and the consequences of the event?

214
Q

What is the worst condition which should be considered in relation to the design of coastal defence works?

A. Position in relation to still water level
B. Offshore wave climate
C. Extreme wave height
D. Combination of unusually high sea level with severe wave action

A

Combination of unusually high seal level with severe wave action

215
Q

Combination of unusually high seal level with severe wave action is also known as what?

A

Storm surge

216
Q

Waves are formed by the frictional drag of wind across the water surface. This is a process of transferring energy from wind to water. Water particles are moved from their position by the wind, and then return to the original position by gravity, which is restoring force. These waves are called:

A. Shallow waves
B. Equivalent waves
C. Significant waves
D. Gravity waves

A

Gravity waves

217
Q

What are the waves that are created by the transfer of energy from wind to the water surface, which causes the water particles to move in a circular motion?

A

Gravity waves

218
Q

What are the different types of sea waves?

A
  1. Breaking waves
    i. Spilling waves
    ii. Plunging waves
    iii. Surging waves
    iv. Collapsing waves
  2. Deep water waves
  3. Shallow water waves
    i. Tidal waves
    ii. Tsunamis
    iii. Inshore waves
    iv. Internal waves
    v. Kelvin waves
    vi. Progressive waves
    vii. Capillary waves
    viii. Refracted waves
    ix. Seiche waves
219
Q

What are the sea waves that are formed when the wave collapses on top of itself?

A

Breaking waves

220
Q

Spilling waves are aka what?

A

Mushy waves

221
Q

In beach-goers’ terminology, these waves are formed at gentle inclinations of the ocean floor

A

Spilling waves

222
Q

When waves pass over a steeply inclined or rugged ocean floor, the crest of the wave curls and trap a pocket of air underneath it

A

Plunging waves

223
Q

They are produced when huge swells reach shorelines having a steep profile

A

Surging waves

224
Q

They are a blend of plunging and surging waves

A

Collapsing waves

225
Q

_, as the name suggests, have their own origin where the depth of the water in the ocean is significant

A

Deepwater waves

226
Q

These waves have their origin where the depth of the water is much lesser

A

Shallow water waves

227
Q

They are caused due to astronomical forces like the gravitational pull of the sun and the moon on the ocean water

A

Tidal waves

228
Q

_, is a Japanese word, as Japan is possibly the country most frequently affected by _

229
Q

The length of these waves is less than the depth of the water they enter, which decreases the velocity of the waves

A

Inshore waves

230
Q

They are one of the largest waves in the ocean but are barely noticeable on the surface due to their formation in the internal layers of the water

A

Internal waves

231
Q

These are large scale waves, which are caused by a lack of wind flow in the Pacific Ocean

A

Kelvin waves

232
Q

For a _, the amplitude is equal to overall points and has net energy flow

A

Progressive wave

233
Q

_ closely resemble ripples in their structure

A

Capillary waves

234
Q

_ travel in shallow water when they approach the shore and the shallowness decreases the power of the wave and causes a curve

A

Refracted waves

235
Q

_ or simple a seiche (pronounced ‘saysh’) are standing waves that form in a confined or partially confined body of water

A

Seiche waves

236
Q

Which is more accurate parameter of traffic capacity; volume or density? Why?

A. Volume is more accurate: Only volume is a function of cars in a given length of roadway
B. Density is more accurate: Only density is a function of cars in a given length of roadway
C. Volume is more accurate: Only volume has units of time
D. Density is more accurate: Only density has units of time

A

Density is more accurate: Only density is a function of cars in a given length of roadway

237
Q

What is the maximum number of vehicles that can pass through a given point on a roadway during a given period of time?

A

Traffic capacity

238
Q

What refers to the number of vehicles that pass through a given point on a roadway over a period of time?

239
Q

What refers to the number of vehicles occupying a given length of roadway at a particular point in time?

240
Q

Which of the following are the concept of safe design for construction?
I. The design of the structure to be built
II. The subsystem to be included in the structure (electrical, mechanical, plumbing, etc.)
III. The equipment involved in building the structure
IV. The on-site facilities such as man lifts, elevators, concrete batch plants and rock crushing/gravel processing or asphalt plants
V. The manpower of the structure

A. All of the above
B. III, IV, and V
C. I, II, III, and IV
D. I, III, IV, and V

A

I, III, IV, and V

241
Q

The concept of safe design for construction encompasses various aspects of the construction process including what?

A
  1. Design of the structure itself
  2. Equipment and facilities used in construction
  3. Manpower involved
243
Q

It occurs as concrete hardens, being greater in wet mixes. Curing helps to limit effects and therefore concrete in the actual structure should be thoroughly and continuously moistened for some considerable period after placing

A. Moisture content
B. Compaction
C. Concrete
D. Shrinkage

244
Q

What is the reduction in volume or size of a material, in this case, concrete, that occurs during the process of hardening?

245
Q

What is the process that helps to limit the effects of shrinkage by maintaining the proper moisture content in the concrete during the hardening process?

246
Q

The single initial application of bituminous material to an existing bituminous, Portland concrete, or block surface or base is called:

A. Tact coat
B. Prime coat
C. Seal coat
D. Overcoat

A

Prime coat

247
Q

What is typically used to prepare the surface for additional layers of bituminous materials, such as tack coat or a seal coat?

A

Prime coat

248
Q

Tack coat is aka what?

A

Bond coat or a tack coat emulsion

249
Q

What is a thin layer of asphalt emulsion that is applied to an existing pavement surface prior to the placement of a new layer of asphalt?

250
Q

Seal coat is aka what?

A

Chip seal or bituminous surface

251
Q

What is a type of pavement surface treatment that is applied to existing pavement surfaces to help protect them from damage caused by weathering, aging, and traffic?

252
Q

In the context of construction, the term “_” is more commonly used to refer a new layer of pavement that is placed over an existing surface to improve its strength, smoothness, and durability

253
Q

The ideal capacity of road in vehicles per hour is:

A. 1800 vph
B. 2000 vph
C. 1400 vph
D. 1200 vph

A

2000 vehicles/hour (vph)

254
Q

Which of the following satisfy the requirement for estimated expected activity times in a PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) network?
I. Makes use of three estimates
II. Puts the greatest weight on the most likely times estimate
III. Is motivated by the beta distribution

A. III only
B. I only
C. II only
D. All of the above

A

All of the above

255
Q

The sound creaks and groans that one hears inside the building are in fact materials response to external stimuli such as heat, wind and gravity loads. These stimuli fall into four categories. What are these major properties that exhibited by materials?

A. Temperature, thermal, conductivity, and ductility
B. Mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical
C. Ionic bonding, metallic bonding, covalent bonding, and secondary bonding
D. Atoms, ions, electron, and molecules

A

Mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical

256
Q

In the standard practice of measuring vertical or zenith angles, the following practices are great importance:
I. Be sure the instrument is level
II. Sight with vertical crosshair
III. Sight exactly on the target
IV. Sight direct and reverse

Which standard practices are true?
A. I only
B. I, III, IV only
C. All of the above
D. I & III only

A

I, III, IV only

257
Q

Which of the following is the calculation of the probability that the critical path will be completed by the time T?
I. Assumes that the activity times are the statistically independent
II. Assumes that the total time of the critical path has approximately beta distribution
III. Requires knowledge of the standard deviation for all activities in the network

A. I only
B. All of the above
C. II only
D. III only

258
Q

It is the probability of a mechanism that will function satisfactorily. If the mechanism is to operate intermittently and briefly, it is also refers to performance on a given occasion. If the mechanism is to operate continuously, it refers its performance for a specific period of time.

A. Standard deviation
B. Infinite set
C. Reliability
D. Mean

A

Reliability

259
Q

What is the probability that a system or a component will perform its intended function satisfactorily for a specified period of time, under specified operating conditions?

A

Reliability

260
Q

Compacting applies energy to soil to consolidate it by compressing air voids to increase the soil’s dry density. Which of these are the objectives of proper compacting?
I. Minimize settling
II. Increases the soil’s load bearing characteristics
III. Increases soil stability
IV. Reduces water penetration
V. Protects slope that will drain water away

A. I, III, IV, V
B. I, II, III, IV
C. II, III, IV, V
D. All of these

A

I, II, III, IV

261
Q

When train passes on curves, which have no super-elevation, it will give thrust on the:

A. Inner rail
B. Inner side of inner rail
C. Outer rail
D. Inner side of outer rail

A

Inner side of outer rail

262
Q

Of all paths through the network, the critical path

A. has the maximum expected time
B. has the minimum expected time
C. has the maximum actual time
D. has the minimum actual time

A

Has the maximum expected time

263
Q

What is the longest path through a network of activities, in terms of the total duration of all activities on that path?

A

Critical path

264
Q

Which of the following are true statements?
I. All symmetric histograms have single peaks
II. All symmetric bell-shaped curves are normal
III. All normal curves are bell-shaped and symmetric

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and II

Ce Ref Def Terms (3 decks)

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