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MSK/CT > MST/CT > Flashcards

MST/CT Flashcards

1
Q

desmosome? structural support via ?

A

macula adherens;

via keratin

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2
Q

rotator cuff mm innervated by what nn?

why is supraspinatus vulnerable ?

A

C5-C6 //

b/c b/w acromion and humerus head

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3
Q

dislocation of lunate may cause?

A

acute carpal tunnel syndome

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4
Q

brachial plexus is protect from injury by ?

A

by subclavius muscle

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5
Q

clavicle mm ?

A

subclavius and deltoid (lat inf); trapezius (lat inf);

SCM (med sup); pectoralis major (med inf)

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6
Q

axillary nerve w/ anterior circumflex humeral aa injury - which joint most commonly dislocated ?

A

glenohumeral joint, esply anterior dislocation b/c shallow articulation b/w humeral head and glenoid fossa of scapula

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7
Q

radial nn in spinal groove travels w/ ?

median nn damaged how and travels w/ ?

A

deep brachial aa /

brachial aa ; compressed by supracondylar fracture of humerus; pronator teres syndrome

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8
Q

radial nerve (deep branch) damaged how ?

A

stretched by subluxation of radius; nursemaid’s elbow b/c annular ligament torn in kids <5 y/o

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9
Q

anterior interosseus nn damaged how ?

ulnar nerve damaged how ?

A

compressed in deep forearm //

heel of hand trauma; fracture of hook of hamate

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10
Q

klumpke’s palsy and thoracic outlet syndrome?

A

(C8, T1) ;
atrophy of thenar and hypothenar; atrophy of interosseous mm; sensory deficits on medial side of forearm and hand; radial pulse gone w/ head to ipsi side

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11
Q

axillary nn ? musculocutaneous ? ulnar ??

radial and median ?

A

C5 6 ; C5-7 ; C8-T1 //
all
(median nn does opposition of thumb)

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12
Q

pope’s blessing and ape hand ?

A

proximal median nn lesion = can not make fist

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13
Q

long thoracic nn ?

A

C5 - C7

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14
Q

which nn for opposition of thumb ?

which nn for thumb extensioon and abduction ?

A

median nn //

radial nn

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15
Q

obturator (L2-L4) damaged how ?

A

anterior hip dislocation

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16
Q

femoral (L2-L4) damaged how and sensory deficits ?

A

pelvis fracture /

anterior thigh; medial leg (saphenous nn)

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17
Q

common peroneal (L4-S2) damaged how and sensory deficits ?

A

trauma or compression of lateral aspect of leg or fibula neck fracture //
antero (deep nn) lateral (superficial nn) leg and dorsal foot

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18
Q

tibial nn (L4-S3) damaged how and travels where ?

A

knee trauma ; courses thru popliteal fossa w/ popliteal aa vv

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19
Q

osteoblasts differentiate from?

vs osteoclasts ?

A

mesenchymal stem cells in periosteum //

multinucleated, diff from monocytes/ macros

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20
Q

glucocorticoids contraindicated in what?

A

type II osteoporosis;

most common site is vertebral bodies - spongy bone

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21
Q

dec CA, inc ALP seen in ?

mutations (e.g. carbonic anhydrase II) impair ability of osteoclast to generate acidic environment in ?

A

osteopetrosis (marble bone disease)

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22
Q

inc BF from inc AV shunts may cause high output heart failure in ?

A

paget’s disease of bone (osteitis deformans)

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23
Q

McCune-Albright Syndome? - polyostotic fibrous dysplasia

A

multiple unilateral bone lesions assoc w/ endocrine abnorms (precocious puberty) and cafe-au-lait spots

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24
Q

osteomyelitis seeds where in kids vs adults ?

A

kids - metaphysis;

adults - epiphysis

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25
Q

chondrosarcoma ?

A

expansile glistening mass w/in medullary cavity

26
Q

translocation in ewing’s sarcoma ?

A

t (11;22)

27
Q

osteoid osteoma?

A

usually in diaphysis; radiolucent focus surrounded by slerotic bone;
nocturnal pain relieved by aspirin!

28
Q

subchondral cysts, osteophytes in ?

A

osteoarthritis

29
Q

pannus formation, baker’s cyst (in political fossa) anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody is more specific ; inc synovial fluid, symmetric in ?

A

RA (type 3 HS); assoc w/ HLA DR4

30
Q

juvenile RA ?

A

before age 16, inc likelihood of systemic onset, large joint involvement, and ANA+

31
Q

sjogren’s syndrome ? type HS and what infiltrates ?

A

type 4 HS w/ fibrosis ; lymphocytes infiltration

32
Q

in gout what phagocytosizes the uric acid crystals ?

A

neutrophils

33
Q

in pseudogout, what kind of crystals ?

A

basophilic, rhomboid

34
Q

SLE most common CV syndrome ? most common cause of death ?

most sensitive marker ? vs very specific vs for drug induced lupus ?

A

pericarditis //
nephritis, also infection //
ANA, dsDNA, antiSM (not prognostic) ; antihistone Abs

35
Q

urticaria?

A

superficial dermal edema; no epidermal changes

36
Q

munro microabscesses seen in ? and auspitz sign ?

A

munro = neutros in stratum corneum;
Auspitz sign- pinpoint bleeding spots;
seen in psoriasis ; also inc stratum spinosum, dec stratum granulosum

37
Q

spongiosis seen in ?

A

allergic contact dermatitis (epidermal accum of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces)

38
Q

pemphigus vulgaris involves? Nikolsky’s sign?

A

involves skin and oral mucosa;
IgG Ab against demoglein 3;
Nikolsky’s sign - sep of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin

39
Q

bullous pemphigold, what are in tense blisters?

A

eosinophils;

IgG Ab against hemidesmosomes

40
Q

erythema multiforme assoc w/ ?

A

infections (mycoplasma pneumo, HSV),

drugs (sulfa drgs, Beta-lactams, phenytoin)

41
Q

erythema nodosum is and assoc w/ ?

A

inflamm lesions of subQ fat usually anterior shins;

sarcoidosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, TB, strept, leprosy and Crohn’s disease

42
Q

Lichen planus? where ? assoc w/ ?

A

commonly on wrists, elbows, oral mucosa // sawtooth infiltrate of lymphocytes at dermal-epidermal junction;
assoc w/ hepatitis C.

43
Q

in staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), extoxin destroys?

A

keratinocyte attachments in stratum granulosum only!

vs TEN is at epiderm derm junction

44
Q

melanoma often driven by?

A

activating mutation in BRAF kinase ;

superficial spreading, nodular melanoma, lentigomaligna, acrolentiginous

45
Q

metastatic or unresectable melanoma in pts w/ BRAF V600E mutation may benefit from ?

A

vemurafenib

46
Q

calcipotriene? vs acitretin ?

A

topical vit D analog for psoriasis //
for systemic psoriasis
both activate nuclear transc factors

47
Q

febuxostat mech ?

A

inhibits xanthine oxidase == like allopurinol !

48
Q

probenecid mech ?

A

inhibits reabs of uric acid in PCT;

also inhibits secretion of penicillin

49
Q

etanercept mech ?

A

fusion protein (R for TNF-alpha + IgG1 Fc

50
Q

in sarcoidosis, epithelial granulomas contain ?

A

microscopic Schaumann and asteroid bodies

51
Q

osteonecrosis most common site is ?

A

femoral head

52
Q

ankylosing spondylitis comps ?

A

ankylosis, uveitis, aortic regurg

53
Q

polymyositis vs dermatomyositis ?

A

CD8 T cells vs CD4 T cells

54
Q

scleroderma most likely cause of death ? marker ?

A 
pulm
scl70 Ab (anti DNA topoisom I Ab)
55
Q

acanthosis ?

A

epidermal hyperplasia , inc spinosum; in acanthosis nigricans and psoriasis

56
Q

melanocytic nevus - intradermal vs junctional ?

A 
intradermal = most common in adults; papular /
junctional = most common in children, flat macules at dermal epi junction
57
Q

bullous impetigo usually caused by ?

A

staph aureus

58
Q

cellulitis ?

A

painful, acute spreading infection of dermis and subQ tiss

59
Q

celecoxib spares platelet fxn b/c?

A

TXA2 prod is dependent on COX1 !

60
Q

lateral epicondyitis ?

A

tennis elbow = overuse of superficial extensor mm

61
Q

most common of lateral ligaments of foot to be injured ?

A

anterior talofibular ligament (lateral weaker than medial) ; usually from inversion and plantarflexion

MSK/CT (1 decks)

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