MSP T2

Question 1

What is kinetic perimetry?

Answer 1

A measure of the perimeter of the area of visual field within which a test spot of constant luminance and constant size is visible.

Question 2

What is static perimetry

Answer 2

A measure of the increment threshold luminance for a spot of constant size at different visual field locations

Question 3

What is sensitivity?

Answer 3

Ability to correctly ID those having the disease

Question 4

What is specificity?

Answer 4

Ability to correctly ID those not having the disease as not having the disease(condition)

Question 5

What do you do if the pupils are too small in HVF?

Answer 5

Dilate them

Question 6

When do you not use a pt’s Rx in static perimetry?

Answer 6

When eccentricity is greater than 30 degrees.

Question 7

If I am testing the right eye on HVF, which side of the VF will the blind spot be on?

Answer 7

The right side.

Question 8

What is the Total visual field limit horizontally?

Answer 8

200 degrees

Add up the temporal sides

Question 9

What is the Binoculra visual field limit horizontally?

Answer 9

120 degrees

Add up the nasal sides.

Question 10

Which VF method uses an isopter?

Answer 10

Kinetic Perimetry

Question 11

What is an isopter?

Answer 11

the actual perimeter of the observer’s visual field as measured using kinetic perimetry test conditions.

Question 12

What is the old school machine used to measure perimetry?

Answer 12

Goldmann Bowl Perimeter

Question 13

How is the size of a stimulus for Goldman bowl perimeter expressed?

Answer 13

On a scale of 0-V
0- 1/16thmm squared
III - 1
V - 64
Multiply by four

Question 14

What is the unit for intensity for the GOldman Kinetic perimetry?

Answer 14

Apostilbs

Candela/m^2

Question 15

How is the intensity controlled for the Goldman Kinetic Perimetry

Answer 15

In log(10) unit steps
Settings 1-4 represent 0.5 log unit changes
Settings a-e represent 0.1 log unit changes

Question 16

Is a combination of smaller or larger targets desired for Goldmann?

Answer 16

Smaller target is preferred because detection of isopter edges is more accurate with smaller targets.

Question 17

What is the typical target progression for testing?

Answer 17

I1e, I2e, I3e, I4e, II4e, III4e, IV4e, V4e

Question 18

How do you create a contour map of the VF in Goldman bowl perimetry?

Answer 18

By plotting out multiple isopters for different intensities and sizes of stimulus.

Question 19

Is your blind spot closer to the nasal or temporal side?

Answer 19

Temporal.

Question 20

T/F?

We have noted that structural damage and visual defect loss in test are not congruent?

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What background luminance does the automated perimeter use?

Answer 21

10 cd/m^2 (31.4 asb)

This is in the low photopic range.

Question 22

For the hills of vision, do we have a greater sensitivity under photopic or scotopic conditions?

Answer 22

Scotopic conditions.

We have a huge hole in the fovea, bcaz there is no light to see it.

Question 23

What does background luminance of the perimeter determine?

Answer 23

Level of retinal adpation, thus the contour of the hilll of vision

Question 24

Where do we not have any sensitivity?

Answer 24

Our blind spot

Question 25

Where do we notice peaks in these VF?

Answer 25

At 0 degrees, the fovea.

Question 26

As for the influence of stimulus size; how does one increase spatial summation

Answer 26

Increasing retinal eccentricity | Increasing dark adaptation (this results in higher sensitivity)

Question 27

As for the influence of stimulus size; how does one increase lateral inhibition?

Answer 27

Increasing light adaptation | Proximity to the fovea (results in lower sensitivity)

Question 28

As for the influence of stimulus size; what does a large stimulus under photopic conditions result in?

Answer 28

It results in a flat contour

Question 29

As for the influence of stimulus size; what does a small stimulus under photopic conditions result in?

Answer 29

It results in a steep contour in fovea.

Question 30

What is the best static perimetry stimulus duration?

Answer 30

Shorter than the saccadic eye movement latency Longer than the critical duration for complete temporal summation 200msec is used by HVFs

Question 31

What is the temporal summation duration under photopic and scoptopic conditions?

Answer 31

Photopic: 10-50msec Scotopic: 100 msec

Question 32

What is Newton's contribution to Color?

Answer 32

Began the scientific study of color and color vision

Question 33

How is it possible to see color?

Answer 33

Need a light source Need a detector (our eye) Need something to look at.

Question 34

What did Faber Birren say about color?

Answer 34

Color distracts you from yourself and relieves you of inner anxieties, melancholies, and fears.

Question 35

Who wrote on pure color?

Answer 35

Empedocus. | Red, green, blue, yellow. 4

Question 36

Who thought that light emanated from the eye?

Answer 36

Plato. | Said that an inner fire gave rise to visual ray.

Question 37

Which scientist experimented with prism?

Answer 37

Newton

Question 38

Are colors discontinuous or continuous?

Answer 38

Continuous

Question 39

Does light bend more at longer or shorter wavelengths?

Answer 39

Shorter wavelengths.

Question 40

Retinal organization consist of what two things?

Answer 40

1. Centripetal | 2. Lateral (includes horizontal and amacine cells)

Question 41

The s-cone is more sensitive to....

Answer 41

purple. Not blue

Question 42

The l-cone is more sensitive to...

Answer 42

yellow. not red.

Question 43

T/F? Rods do not contribute to color?

Answer 43

True

Question 44

Diff b/w purkinje shift and photocromatic interval

Answer 44

PS: Change in sensitivity when switching from scotopic to photopic conds. PI - varies with wavelength.

Question 45

why isn't s cones found in fovea?

Answer 45

Bcaz doesn't contribute to spatial resolution.

Question 46

How does Seger wants us to relate the distribution amongst L-M-s cones?

Answer 46

That s cones aren't found too much in fovea. That there is high variability amongst the L&M cones. It doesn't really matter bcaz will still have normal color vision.

Question 47

Where is the highest degree of cone distribution?

Answer 47

1 degree from the macula.

Question 48

Def of univariance?

Answer 48

Once something its absorbed, we are unaware of its original properties like its wavelength. slide 18

Question 49

What kind of attribute is color?

Answer 49

A perceptual attribute.

Question 50

What kind of attribute is wavelength?

Answer 50

A physical attribute.

Question 51

What is an illuminant color?

Answer 51

The wavelength of light emitted from a source.

Question 52

What is an object color?

Answer 52

Wavelength of light reflected from an object.

Question 53

What are the three primary colors for addition?

Answer 53

``` Red Green Blue Will get white light if you mix all three of these together. Related to Abney's law. ```

Question 54

Abney's law?

Answer 54

The total luminance of light composed of several wavelengths is equal to the sum of the luminances of its monochromatic components.

Question 55

What results in additive conditions?

Answer 55

White light | Subtractive primaries.

Question 56

What results under subtractive conditions

Answer 56

Black (CMYK) | Additive primaries

Question 57

What is spectral color

Answer 57

Obtained directly by prismatic decomposition of sunlight. Occurs in nature. Not watered down (saturated)

Question 58

What is non-spectral color

Answer 58

Can be obtained only by mixing colors | Not present in sunlight

Question 59

Metamers?

Answer 59

2 or more stimuli that have the same color but have different wavelength composition.

Question 60

What are the three components of color?

Answer 60

Hue, saturation, brightness.

Question 61

What is the munsell equivalent for brightness?

Answer 61

value

Question 62

What is the munsell equivalent for saturation?

Answer 62

Stroma

Question 63

Define hue?

Answer 63

Associated with wavelength and color names.

Question 64

Def of brightness?

Answer 64

the perceived intensity of a color

Question 65

Define saturation?

Answer 65

Degree to which a color appears to differ from an equally bright gray. -A color's perceived colorimetric purity

Question 66

Is pastel a saturated or desaturated color?

Answer 66

Desaturated

Question 67

What is complementary color?

Answer 67

Any two colors that, when added together, produce a "neutral color. On a color circle, lie opposite side of white.

Question 68

Diff b/w saturation and colorimetric purity?

Answer 68

Saturation is the perceptual attribute most closely related to the physical attribute of colorimetric purity.

Question 69

The brightness value is determined by what kind of perimetry?

Answer 69

Flicker perimetry.

Question 70

Refer to slide 37

Answer 70

True that.

Question 71

What is colorimetric purity

Answer 71

Describes the proportion of pure, dominant spectral wavelength energy relative to the amt of achromatic (white) luminance objectively present in a color sample.

Question 72

What is a color matching function

Answer 72

A person with normal color vision need mix only 3 primary colors in diff proportions to match any color. Value need to add up to 1.0 slide 46

Question 73

COlor gamut

Answer 73

The set of all colors that can be obtained from all possible mixtures of a specified set of primary colors.

Question 74

What is a MacAdam Ellipses

Answer 74

JNDs for chromaticity for a person with normal color vision.