MSM Flashcards
What is the first model of memory called? Who proposed it?
“The multistore model of memory was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin and is a structural model. They proposed that memory consisted of three stores: sensory register
What is sensory memory? What happens when you pay attention to it?
“Sensory memory is the information you get from your sense
What happens to unimportant memories? What happens in the short term memory? Next?
“If any information is not important then it decays or disappears. Once in the short-term memory
What does each store have?
“Each store has its own characteristics in terms of encoding
A definition for encoding? What are the forms?
“Encoding is the way information is changed so that it can be stored in the memory. There are three main ways in which information can be encoded (changed): 1. visual (picture)
What is capacity? Duration?
“Capacity concerns how much information can be stored. Duration refers to the period of time information can last in the memory stores.”
What is the duration of the sensory register like? Capacity? Encoding?
“Sensory Register: Duration: ¼ to ½ second. Capacity: all sensory experience (v. large capacity). Encoding: sense specific (e.g. different stores for each sense).”
What is the duration of the short-term memory like? Capacity? Encoding?
“Short Term Memory: Duration: 0-18 seconds. Capacity: 7 +/- 2 items. Encoding: mainly acoustic.”
What is the duration of the long-term memory like? Capacity? Encoding?
“Long Term Memory: Duration: Unlimited. Capacity: Unlimited. Encoding: Mainly semantic (but can be visual and acoustic).”
A strength of the multistore model? Why?
“One strength of the multistore model is that it gives us a good understanding of the structure and process of the STM. This is good because it allows researchers to expand on this model. This means researchers can do experiments to improve on this model and make it more valid and they can prove what the stores actually do.”
Two weaknesses?
“It has now become apparent that both short-term and long-term memory are more complicated than previously thought. For example
What can research studies be used for? How do you do each?
“Research studies can either be knowledge or evaluation: If you refer to the procedures and findings of a study
What is the serial position effect? Who showed it to be the case?
“Glanzer and Cunitz showed that when participants are presented with a list of words
What can the serial position effect act as evidence for? Why?
“This supports the existence of separate LTM and STM stores because they observed a primacy and recency effect.”
What is the primacy effect? Why does it happen? What is the recency effect? Why does it happen?
“Words early on in the list were put into long-term memory (primacy effect) because the person has time to rehearse the word
Other evidence for the distinction between the STM and LTM? Who found this? What happened?
“Other compelling evidence to support this distinction between STM and LTM is the case of KF (Shallice & Warrington
