MSK wk1-5

Question 1

Signs and symptoms of OA and RA

Answer 1

OA: stiff <30mins, worse at night, crepitus

RA: stiff >60mins, worse in morning, better with movement, systemic symptoms - fatigue and fever, red swollen joints, crepitus

Question 2

Risk factors of RA and OA

Answer 2

OA: Genetics, f>m, occupation, joint trauma, age

RA: genetics, f>m, tobacco, infection, environment

Question 3

Management of OA and RA

Answer 3

OA: non pharm (weight loss, strengthening exercise, diet)

1. analgesics and NSAIDS
2. Steroids, surgery

RA:

1. analgesics and NSAIDs
2. opioids
3. steroids

Question 4

What are the 4 phases of clinical trials?

Answer 4

Phase I: trial of new treatment
Phase II: efficacy
Phase III: effectiveness
Phase IV: post-marketing

Question 5

What are risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures?

Answer 5

• previous fracture
• age
• XS alcohol
• inflammatory arthritis
• malabsorption - coeliac’s
• premature menopause in women
• glucocorticoids >3months

Question 6

Risk factors for falls

Answer 6

• balance and gait
• cognitive impairment
• incontinence
• footwear
• syncope/dizziness
• medications
• vision
• environment

Question 7

What risk factors are used in the FRAX calculator?

Answer 7

• Age
• Gender
• Weight
• Previous fracture
• Current smoker
• Glucocorticoids
• RA
• Secondary osteoporosis
• Alcohol 3+ units/day
• formal neck BMD