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ESA 2 > MSK - Upper Limb > Flashcards

MSK - Upper Limb Flashcards

0
Q

Name parts of the clavicle

A

Sternal end - enlarged and triangular, Sternoclavicular joint
Acromial end - flat and articulates with Acromion of scapula
Superior - smooth
Inferior - rough

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1
Q

Name significant parts of the scapula?

A 
Coracoid process
Acromion
Glenoid cavity
Subscapular fossa 
Supraspinous fossa
Infraspinous fossa 
Superior notch 
Lateral border
Medial border
Superior notch
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2
Q

Name the main parts of the humerus?

A 
Greater tubercle 
Lesser tubercle 
Inter tubercle groove 
Head of humerus 
Surgical neck 
Anatomical neck 
Radial groove 
Surgical tuberosity 
Medial supracondylar ridge 
Lateral supracondylar ridge 
Medial epicondyle 
Lateral epicondyle 
Coronoid fossa
Capitulum 
Trochlea 
Olecranon Fossa
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3
Q

Glenohumeral joint muscles

A 
Rotator cuff muscles: 
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Major 
- Subscapularis 
Deltoid 
Long head of biceps Brachii
Long head of biceps Brachii
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4
Q

Glenohumeral joint blood supply?

A

Anterior and posterior circumflex arteries

Suprascapular arteries

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5
Q

What is the function of the Glenoid labrum?

A

Deepens the socket for the humerus, Fibrocartilage

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6
Q

Name the ligaments involved in the glenohumeral joint

A

Intra scapular:
Glenohumeral ligaments, superior, middle and inferior
Extra scapular:
Coracoacromial ligament, Acromion and coracoid process
Coracohumeral ligament, base of coracoid process and anterior part of greater tubercle
Transverse Humeral ligament, holds the tendon of long head of biceps Brachii in place during shoulder movement

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7
Q

Name the key parts of the ulna

A 
Medial
Trochlear notch 
Coronoid process 
Olecranon 
Ulnar tuberosity  
Radial notch 
Styloid process of ulna
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8
Q

Name the key parts of the radius

A

Head
Neck
Styloid process of radius

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9
Q

Joints in the elbow

A

Humero Ulnar
Radio Humeral
Radio Ulnar

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10
Q

Name the ligaments in the elbow

A

Ulnar collateral: superior, inferior, oblique
Radial collateral
Annular

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11
Q

Name the order of the carpal bones in the hand?

A

Lateral to medial:
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

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12
Q

Name the muscles in the pectoral region

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior

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13
Q

Walls of the axilla

A

Anterior: Pectoralis major & minor, Subclavius and clavipectoral fascia
Posterior: scapula and Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, long head of biceps Brachii
Medial: thoracic wall and overlying Serratus anterior muscle
Lateral: inter tubercular sulcus
Floor: skin of armpit, opens laterally into arm

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14
Q

Contents of the axilla

A 
Axillary artery 
Axillary vein 
Lymphatic vessels 
Axillary lymph nodes 
Axillary fat 
Brachial plexus
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15
Q

Order of brachial plexus

A

Roots-trunks-divisions-cord-terminal branches

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16
Q

Name the axillary lymph nodes

A

Pectoral, Subscapular, Humeral, central, apical

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17
Q

Name the muscles in the superficial group of the posterior axio appendicular muscles

A

Trapezius: superior, middle, inferior
Scapular rotation, abduction of arm above 90

Latissimus Dorsi:
Adductor of arm
Extends arm at shoulder joint
Medial rotator

18
Q

Name the muscles in the deep group of the posterior axio appendicular muscles

A

Levator scapulae muscles,
Elevates scapula, rotates scapula depressing Glenoid cavity

Rhombois major & minor,
Retracts scapula, rotates scapula depressing Glenoid cavity

19
Q

Name the muscles in the scapulo Humeral group of the posterior axio appendicular muscles

A

Deltoid:
Anterior, Flexion of arm of shoulder joint
Middle, abducts arm from 15 to 90
Posterior, extends arm at shoulder joint

Teres Major:
Medial rotation, extension of arm at glenohumeral joint, adducts arm

Rotator cuff muscles:
SITS

20
Q

Action of rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus, first 15 of abduction
Infraspinatus, lateral rotation of the arm
Teres minor, lateral rotation of arm, weak adductor
Subscapularis, medial rotation of the arm

21
Q

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm and their innervation

A

Muscultaneous Nerve
Biceps Brachii, flexor of forearm, supinator of forearm, accessory flexor of arm at glenohumeral joint
Brachialis, flexor of forearm at elbow joint
Coracobrachialis, flexor of arm at glenohumeral joint

22
Q

Muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm

A

Radial nerve
Triceps Brachii, extension of forearm at elbow joint, long/lateral/medial heads
Anconeus, weak elbow extensor, abducts ulnar during forearm pronation

23
Q

Arteries in the upper limb

A 
Brachiocephalic 
Subclavian 
Axillary 
Brachial 
Radial and ulnar
24
Veins in the upper limb
``` Deep veins follow the arteries Superficial: Cephalic (lateral) & basilic (medial) Median cubital Cephalic (lateral) & basilic (medial) Brachial Axillary Subclavian Brachiocephalic ```
25
Borders of the cubital fossa
Superior: imaginary lines connecting epicondyles of humerus Medial: lateral border of pronator teres Lateral: medial border of brachioradialis
26
Contents of cubital fossa
My, median nerve Bottom, brachial artery Turns, tendon of biceps Brachii Red, radial nerve
27
Joints in the forearm
Proximal radioulnar joint Interosseous membrane Distal radioulnar joint Movements include protonation and supination
28
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm
Superficial layer: all median nerve - pronator teres, pronation of forearm - flexi carpi radialis, flexion & abduction of wrist - Palmaris longus, flexion of wrist - flexor carpi ulnaris, flexion & adduction of wrist, ulnar nerve! Intermediate: median nerve Flexor digitorum superficial, flexes wrist, mcp joints, pip Deep: median nerve Flexor pollicis longus, flex ip, mcp of thumb Flexor digitorum profundus, flexes dip, mcp, wrist, ulnar nerve! Pronator quadratus, pronates the forearm
29
Muscles of the posterior compartment of forearm
Radial nerve Muscles to the wrist: lateral epicondyle Extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor & adduction of wrist Extensor carpi radialis brevis, extends & a ducts wrist Extensor carp radialis longus, extends & abducts wrist Muscles to the thumb: -> pollicis Extensor pollicis longus, extends all joint of thumb Extensor pollicis brevis, extends mcp & cmc joints Abductor pollicis longus, abducts thumb Additional: Anconeus, moves ulna in protonation, extends at elbow joint Supinator, supinates the forearm, 2 heads of origin (lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior surface of ulna) Brachioradialis, flexes at elbow
30
Intrinsic muscles of the hand, | Means they originate in the hand
``` Hypothenar eminence Thenar eminence Adductor pollicis Lumbricals Palmar interossei Dorsal interossei Palmaris brevis ```
31
Describe the hypothenar eminence,
Movement of little finger Ulnar nerve Opponens digiti mimi, opposes little finger Abductor digiti mimi, abducts little finger at mcp Flexor digiti mimi, flexes little finger at mcp
32
Describe the thenar eminence
``` Median nerve Movements of thumb Opponens pollicis, opposes thumb Abductor pollicis brevis, abducts thumb Flexor pollicis brevis, flexes thumb ```
33
Describe adductor pollicis
Adducts the thumb Has two heads transverse and oblique Ulnar nerve
34
Describe the lumbricals
Flexes at the mcp joints Extends at ipj Medial two = ulnar nerve, unipennate Lateral two = median nerve, bipennate
35
Describe the palmar interossei, PAD
Adduct at the mcp joints of index, middle and ring finger Ulnar nerve PAD
36
Describe the dorsal interossei, DAB
Abducts at mcp joints index, middle, ring fingers | Ulnar nerve
37
Palmaris Brevis
Tenses ulnar side of palm and hollow palm during gripping action Ulnar nerve Overlies hypothenar muscles, superficial in subcutaneous tissue
38
Describe the contents on the carpal tunnel
Median nerve | 9 tendons: 4 flexor digitorum profundus, 4 flexor digitorum Superficialis, 1 flexor pollicis longus
39
Describe the borders of the carpal tunnel
Base of carpal arch: Medially, pisifiform and hook of hamate Laterally, tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium Roof: Flexor retinaculum Floor: Carpal bones So is anteriorly!
40
Name the three joints in the forearm?
1. Proximal radioulnar joint 2. Interosseous membrane 3. Distal radioulnar joint Main movements, protonation and supination
41
Name the 4 ligaments in the radio-carpal joint
1. Radial collateral ligament 2. Ulnar collateral ligaments 3. Palmar radio carpal ligaments 4. Dorsal radio carpal ligaments
42
What is the Neurovascular supply to the radio carpal joint?
Branches of dorsal and palmar carpal arches

ESA 2 (1 decks)

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