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ESA 2 > MSK - Upper Limb > Flashcards

MSK - Upper Limb Flashcards

0
Q

Name parts of the clavicle

A

Sternal end - enlarged and triangular, Sternoclavicular joint
Acromial end - flat and articulates with Acromion of scapula
Superior - smooth
Inferior - rough

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1
Q

Name significant parts of the scapula?

A 
Coracoid process
Acromion
Glenoid cavity
Subscapular fossa 
Supraspinous fossa
Infraspinous fossa 
Superior notch 
Lateral border
Medial border
Superior notch
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2
Q

Name the main parts of the humerus?

A 
Greater tubercle 
Lesser tubercle 
Inter tubercle groove 
Head of humerus 
Surgical neck 
Anatomical neck 
Radial groove 
Surgical tuberosity 
Medial supracondylar ridge 
Lateral supracondylar ridge 
Medial epicondyle 
Lateral epicondyle 
Coronoid fossa
Capitulum 
Trochlea 
Olecranon Fossa
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3
Q

Glenohumeral joint muscles

A 
Rotator cuff muscles: 
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Major 
- Subscapularis 
Deltoid 
Long head of biceps Brachii
Long head of biceps Brachii
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4
Q

Glenohumeral joint blood supply?

A

Anterior and posterior circumflex arteries

Suprascapular arteries

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5
Q

What is the function of the Glenoid labrum?

A

Deepens the socket for the humerus, Fibrocartilage

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6
Q

Name the ligaments involved in the glenohumeral joint

A

Intra scapular:
Glenohumeral ligaments, superior, middle and inferior
Extra scapular:
Coracoacromial ligament, Acromion and coracoid process
Coracohumeral ligament, base of coracoid process and anterior part of greater tubercle
Transverse Humeral ligament, holds the tendon of long head of biceps Brachii in place during shoulder movement

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7
Q

Name the key parts of the ulna

A 
Medial
Trochlear notch 
Coronoid process 
Olecranon 
Ulnar tuberosity  
Radial notch 
Styloid process of ulna
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8
Q

Name the key parts of the radius

A

Head
Neck
Styloid process of radius

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9
Q

Joints in the elbow

A

Humero Ulnar
Radio Humeral
Radio Ulnar

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10
Q

Name the ligaments in the elbow

A

Ulnar collateral: superior, inferior, oblique
Radial collateral
Annular

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11
Q

Name the order of the carpal bones in the hand?

A

Lateral to medial:
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

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12
Q

Name the muscles in the pectoral region

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior

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13
Q

Walls of the axilla

A

Anterior: Pectoralis major & minor, Subclavius and clavipectoral fascia
Posterior: scapula and Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, long head of biceps Brachii
Medial: thoracic wall and overlying Serratus anterior muscle
Lateral: inter tubercular sulcus
Floor: skin of armpit, opens laterally into arm

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14
Q

Contents of the axilla

A 
Axillary artery 
Axillary vein 
Lymphatic vessels 
Axillary lymph nodes 
Axillary fat 
Brachial plexus
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15
Q

Order of brachial plexus

A

Roots-trunks-divisions-cord-terminal branches

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16
Q

Name the axillary lymph nodes

A

Pectoral, Subscapular, Humeral, central, apical

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17
Q

Name the muscles in the superficial group of the posterior axio appendicular muscles

A

Trapezius: superior, middle, inferior
Scapular rotation, abduction of arm above 90

Latissimus Dorsi:
Adductor of arm
Extends arm at shoulder joint
Medial rotator

18
Q

Name the muscles in the deep group of the posterior axio appendicular muscles

A

Levator scapulae muscles,
Elevates scapula, rotates scapula depressing Glenoid cavity

Rhombois major & minor,
Retracts scapula, rotates scapula depressing Glenoid cavity

19
Q

Name the muscles in the scapulo Humeral group of the posterior axio appendicular muscles

A

Deltoid:
Anterior, Flexion of arm of shoulder joint
Middle, abducts arm from 15 to 90
Posterior, extends arm at shoulder joint

Teres Major:
Medial rotation, extension of arm at glenohumeral joint, adducts arm

Rotator cuff muscles:
SITS

20
Q

Action of rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus, first 15 of abduction
Infraspinatus, lateral rotation of the arm
Teres minor, lateral rotation of arm, weak adductor
Subscapularis, medial rotation of the arm

21
Q

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm and their innervation

A

Muscultaneous Nerve
Biceps Brachii, flexor of forearm, supinator of forearm, accessory flexor of arm at glenohumeral joint
Brachialis, flexor of forearm at elbow joint
Coracobrachialis, flexor of arm at glenohumeral joint

22
Q

Muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm

A

Radial nerve
Triceps Brachii, extension of forearm at elbow joint, long/lateral/medial heads
Anconeus, weak elbow extensor, abducts ulnar during forearm pronation

23
Q

Arteries in the upper limb

A 
Brachiocephalic 
Subclavian 
Axillary 
Brachial 
Radial and ulnar
24
Q

Veins in the upper limb

A 
Deep veins follow the arteries 
Superficial:
Cephalic (lateral) & basilic (medial) 
Median cubital 
Cephalic (lateral) & basilic (medial)  
Brachial 
Axillary 
Subclavian 
Brachiocephalic
25
Q

Borders of the cubital fossa

A

Superior: imaginary lines connecting epicondyles of humerus
Medial: lateral border of pronator teres
Lateral: medial border of brachioradialis

26
Q

Contents of cubital fossa

A

My, median nerve
Bottom, brachial artery
Turns, tendon of biceps Brachii
Red, radial nerve

27
Q

Joints in the forearm

A

Proximal radioulnar joint
Interosseous membrane
Distal radioulnar joint

Movements include protonation and supination

28
Q

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Superficial layer: all median nerve

  • pronator teres, pronation of forearm
  • flexi carpi radialis, flexion & abduction of wrist
  • Palmaris longus, flexion of wrist
  • flexor carpi ulnaris, flexion & adduction of wrist, ulnar nerve!

Intermediate: median nerve
Flexor digitorum superficial, flexes wrist, mcp joints, pip

Deep: median nerve
Flexor pollicis longus, flex ip, mcp of thumb
Flexor digitorum profundus, flexes dip, mcp, wrist, ulnar nerve!
Pronator quadratus, pronates the forearm

29
Q

Muscles of the posterior compartment of forearm

A

Radial nerve
Muscles to the wrist: lateral epicondyle
Extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor & adduction of wrist
Extensor carpi radialis brevis, extends & a ducts wrist
Extensor carp radialis longus, extends & abducts wrist

Muscles to the thumb: -> pollicis
Extensor pollicis longus, extends all joint of thumb
Extensor pollicis brevis, extends mcp & cmc joints
Abductor pollicis longus, abducts thumb

Additional:
Anconeus, moves ulna in protonation, extends at elbow joint
Supinator, supinates the forearm, 2 heads of origin (lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior surface of ulna)
Brachioradialis, flexes at elbow

30
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the hand,

Means they originate in the hand

A 
Hypothenar eminence 
Thenar eminence
Adductor pollicis 
Lumbricals 
Palmar interossei
Dorsal interossei 
Palmaris brevis
31
Q

Describe the hypothenar eminence,

A

Movement of little finger
Ulnar nerve
Opponens digiti mimi, opposes little finger
Abductor digiti mimi, abducts little finger at mcp
Flexor digiti mimi, flexes little finger at mcp

32
Q

Describe the thenar eminence

A 
Median nerve 
Movements of thumb 
Opponens pollicis, opposes thumb
Abductor pollicis brevis, abducts thumb 
Flexor pollicis brevis, flexes thumb
33
Q

Describe adductor pollicis

A

Adducts the thumb
Has two heads transverse and oblique
Ulnar nerve

34
Q

Describe the lumbricals

A

Flexes at the mcp joints
Extends at ipj

Medial two = ulnar nerve, unipennate
Lateral two = median nerve, bipennate

35
Q

Describe the palmar interossei, PAD

A

Adduct at the mcp joints of index, middle and ring finger
Ulnar nerve
PAD

36
Q

Describe the dorsal interossei, DAB

A

Abducts at mcp joints index, middle, ring fingers

Ulnar nerve

37
Q

Palmaris Brevis

A

Tenses ulnar side of palm and hollow palm during gripping action
Ulnar nerve
Overlies hypothenar muscles, superficial in subcutaneous tissue

38
Q

Describe the contents on the carpal tunnel

A

Median nerve

9 tendons: 4 flexor digitorum profundus, 4 flexor digitorum Superficialis, 1 flexor pollicis longus

39
Q

Describe the borders of the carpal tunnel

A

Base of carpal arch:
Medially, pisifiform and hook of hamate
Laterally, tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

Roof:
Flexor retinaculum

Floor:
Carpal bones

So is anteriorly!

40
Q

Name the three joints in the forearm?

A
  1. Proximal radioulnar joint
  2. Interosseous membrane
  3. Distal radioulnar joint
    Main movements, protonation and supination
41
Q

Name the 4 ligaments in the radio-carpal joint

A
  1. Radial collateral ligament
  2. Ulnar collateral ligaments
  3. Palmar radio carpal ligaments
  4. Dorsal radio carpal ligaments
42
Q

What is the Neurovascular supply to the radio carpal joint?

A

Branches of dorsal and palmar carpal arches

ESA 2 (1 decks)

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