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course 1 > msk t1 > Flashcards

msk t1 Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius

A

Origin: external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line of occipital bone, nuchal ligament, C7-T12 vertebrae
Insertion: posterior of lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine
Action: Elevates, depresses, retracts, and upwardly rotates shoulder. Extend & laterally flexes head and neck.
Nerve: Accessory nerve
Arterial Supply: Occipital, transverse cervical, and dorsal scapular

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2
Q

Descending trapezius

A

Also known as… superior
Action: Elevates, retracts, and upwardly rotates shoulder. Extends and laterally flexes head and neck.
Nerve: Accessory Nerve
Arterial supply: Occipital artery

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3
Q

Transverse trapezius

A

Also called… middle
Action: retracts shoulder
Nerve: accessory nerve
Arterial supply: transverse cervical artery

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4
Q

Ascending trapezius

A

Also called… inferior
Action: depresses, retracts, and upwardly rotates shoulder
Nerve: accessory nerve
Arterial supply: dorsal scapular artery

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5
Q

Shoulder retraction =

A

scapula adduction

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6
Q

Latissimus dorsi (handcuffs)

A

Origin: T7-T12, L1-L5, ribs 9-12, iliac crest
Insertion: bicipital groove/ intertubercular groove
Action: Adducts, medially rotates, and extends at shoulder
Nerve: thoracodorsal nerve
Arterial supply: thoracodorsal artery

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7
Q

Rhomboid major

A

Origin: T2-T5 vertebrae
Insertion: medial border of scapula inferior to spine
Action: retracts and downwardly rotates shoulder
Nerve: dorsal scapular nerve
Artery: dorsal scapular artery

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8
Q

Rhomboid minor

A 
Origin: nuchal ligament & C7-T1 
Insertion: medial border @ spine
Action: retracts and downwardly rotates
Nerve: dorsal scapular 
Arterial supply: dorsal scapular
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9
Q

Levator scapulae

A

Origin: transverse process of c1-c2 & posterior c3-c4
Insertion: superior border and medial angle of scapula
Action: elevates & downwardly rotates shoulder, extends & laterally flexes neck
Nerve: dorsal scapular
Arterial supply: dorsal scapular

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10
Q

Deltoid (in and out by Katy Perry)

A

Origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: abducts, flexes, extends, medially & laterally rotates at shoulder
Nerve: axillary nerve
Arterial supply: posterior circumflex humeral

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11
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Origin: Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle (middle)
Action: laterally rotates, transversely abducts
Nerve: suprascapular nerve
Arterial supply: supra scapular and circumflex scapular

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12
Q

Teres minor

A

Origin: superior half of lateral border
Insertion: greater tubercle (lower)
Action: laterally rotates, transversely abducts
Nerve: axillary nerve
Teres minor: posterior circumflex humeral

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13
Q

Supraspinatus

A 
Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle (highest)
Action: abducts shoulder
Nerve: suprascapular 
Arterial supply: supra scapular and dorsal scapular
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14
Q

Subscapularis (soundcloud rapper junk)

A 
Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle
Action: medially rotates and adducts
Nerve: upper and lower subscapular
Arterial supply: subscapular, suprascapular, and lateral thoracic
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15
Q

Teres major

A

Origin: posterior inferior angle
Insertion: crest of lesser tubercle
Action: adducts and medially rotates shoulder
Nerve: lower subscapular nerve
Arterial supply: posterior circumflex humeral, circumflex scapular & subscapular

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16
Q

Serratus anterior (salute knife)

A

Origin: external surfaces of ribs 1-9
Insertion: medial border
Action: protracts and upwardly rotates scapula, abduction above 90, elevates ribs
Nerve: long thoracic
Arterial supply: superior and lateral thoracic

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17
Q

medial rotation correlates with

A

adduction

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18
Q

lateral rotation correlates with

A

abduction

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19
Q

initiates abduction?

A

supraspinatus

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20
Q

branches of dorsal ramps vs ventral

A 
dorsal= higher up
ventral= lower/ near lat
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21
Q

Pec major

A

Medial attachment: clavicular head and sternocostal head
Lateral attachment: lateral lip of inter tubercular sulcus
Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Main action: adducts and medially rotates humerus, clavicular head flexes humerus

22
Q

Pec minor

A

Medial attachment: 3rd-5th ribs near costal cartilage
Lateral attachment: coracoid process
Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve
Action: stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

23
Q

Subclavius

A

Medial attachment: Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
Lateral Attachment: Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
Innervation: Subclavian nerve
Action: anchors and depresses clavicle

24
Q

Movement of glenohumeral joint

flexion:

A

pec major and deltoid

25
Q

Movement of glenohumeral joint

extension, abduction, resisting downward dislocation:

A

deltoid

26
Q

Movement of glenohumeral joint adduction:

A

pec major and latissimus dorsi

27
Q

Movement of glenohumeral joint medial rotation:

A

subscapularis

28
Q

Movement of glenohumeral joint lateral rotation:

A

infraspinatus

29
Q

Movement of glenohumeral joint

tensors of articular capsule:

A

subscapularis and infraspinatus

30
Q

Intercostobrachial nerve (lateral cutaneous branch of second intercostal nerve)

A

supplies skin of upper half of medial and posterior part of arm
-can get injured during sentinel lymph node biopsy of biopsy

31
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Origin: short head-coracoid process, long head- supraglenoid tubercule
Insertion: radial tuberosity and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
Innervation: Musculocutaneous
Action: supinates flexed forearm, flexes forearm at elbow

32
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin: distal half of anterior humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity
Innervation: musculocutaneous and some radial nerve
Action: primary forearm flexor at elbow

33
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: middle third of medial surface of humerus
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Action: helps flex and adduct at shoulder

34
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Origin: long head- infraglenoid tubercle, lateral head- posterior surface of humerus, medial head- posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove
Insertion: Posterior surface of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
Innervation: radial nerve (C6-C8)
Action: extends forearm at elbow, long head- steadies head of abducted humerus

35
Q

Anconeus

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna
Innervation: Radial nerve (C6-C8)
Action: assists triceps in extending, abducts ulna during pronation

36
Q

radical mastectomy

A

ligate lateral thoracic and internal thoracic arteries

-remove axillary nodes and pec major

37
Q

Inversion or retraction of nipple is due to…

A

shortening of lactiferous ducts

38
Q

Poland syndrome

A

underdeveloped chest muscles

-agenesis(lack of) of pec major or minor

39
Q

to test clavicular head of pec major

A

arm is abducted 90 degrees, move arm anteriorly against resistance

40
Q

to test sternocostal head of pec major…

A

arm is abducted 60 degrees and then adducted against resistance

41
Q

fracture of clavicle (weakest at junction of middle and lateral thirds)

A
  • sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle elevates medial fragment
  • trapezius unable to hold up lateral fragment due to weight of upper limb, so shoulder drops
  • lateral fragment is depressed AND may be pulled medially by adductors (pec major)
42
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-7) injury

A
  • typically inflicted by knife
  • paralysis of coracobrachialis, biceps, and bracialis
  • weak flexion and supination are still possible (due to brachioradialis and supinator which are supplied by radial nerve)
  • loss of sensation on lateral forearm supplied by lateral cutaneous nerve
43
Q 
Radial nerve (C5-T1) Injury...
superior to origin of its branches to triceps brachii
A

paralysis of triceps, brachioradialis, supinator, and extensor of wrist and fingers
-loss of sensation of posterior arm, inferior lateral arm, and posterior forearm and half of dorsum of hand

44
Q 
Radial nerve (C5-T1) injury...
in the radial groove
A
  • triceps medial head affected = weakened
  • muscles of posterior compartment of forearm paralyzed
  • clinical sign: wrist drop, inability to extend wrist and fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints
  • relaxed wrist assumes flexed position
45
Q

Humeral fracture

A

Surgical neck: axillary nerve.
Radial groove: radial nerve.
Distal end of humerus: median nerve.
Medial epicondyle: ulnar nerve.

46
Q

Humeral fractures

A

Mid-shaft - Proximal fragment pulled by deltoid – Abducted Distal fragment pulled upward by biceps

Supracondylar - Distal fragment displaced due to action of brachialis /biceps and shortening of arm

47
Q

Volkmann ischemic contracture

A
  • occlusion of brachial artery
  • fibrous scar tissue replaces necrotic tissue
  • involved muscles shorten permanently
  • flexion of fingers and wrist results in loss of hand power as a result of irreversible necrosis of forearm flexor muscles
48
Q

Paralysis of biceps brachii causes…

A

loss of sensation of lateral forearm, loss of supination, loss of flexion of arm

49
Q

bicipital myotonic reflex

A
  • relaxed limb is passively pronated and partially extended at elbow, use reflex hammer
  • positive response confirms integrity of musculocutaneous nerve and C5-C6 spinal cord segments
50
Q

median nerve entrapment

A

nerve runs deep to supracondylar spur and struthers ligament causing entrapment

51
Q

Which lymph nodes drain the breast?

A

axillary and parasternal

course 1 (1 decks)

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