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PCM IV > MSK exam > Flashcards

MSK exam Flashcards

1
Q

bones of shoulder girdle

A

clavicle
scapula
proximal humerus

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2
Q

4 articulations of shoulder

A

glenohumeral
sternoclavicualr
acromioclavicular
scapulothoracic

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3
Q

mm of shoulder

A 
deltoid
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor
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4
Q

mm of rotator cuff

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor

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5
Q

deltoid action

A

abduction

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6
Q

supraspinatus action

A

abduction

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7
Q

infraspinatus action

A

external rotation

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8
Q

subscaupularis action

A

internal rotation

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9
Q

teres minor action

A

external rotation

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10
Q

intrinsic causes of shoulder pain

A

glenohumeral ligaments sprain or tear
mm or tendon inflammation, tear, strain
bones- fracutres, inflamed capsule

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11
Q

neurological external causes of shoulder pain

A 
cercial nn root compression
supraspinatus nn compression
brachial plexus lesions
herpes zoster
spinal cord lesion
cervical spine disease
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12
Q

abdominal causes of shoulder pain

A 
hepatobiliary diseases
diaphragm irritation (spleen, ectopic, perforated)
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13
Q

CV causes of shoulder pain

A

MI
axiallary vv thrombosis
thoracic outlet syndrome

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14
Q

thoracic causes of shoulder pain

A

upper lobe pneumonia
apical lung tumor
PE

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15
Q

intrinsic pathologies

A 
impingment
tendinopathy
tendon tear
AC separation
osteoarthritis
adhesive capsulitis bursitis
instability
SLAP lesion
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16
Q

testing infraspinatus and teres minor

A

pt rotates forearm laterally against resistance

17
Q

supraspinatus

A

most common cause of tendon or mm source pain
susceptible to repetitive motion injuries: baseball, house painters
only protected by subacromial bursa

18
Q

supraspinatus attachments

A

sup scapular
greater tubercle of humerus
passes thru narrow area btwn acromion and head of humerus

19
Q

tendinitis

A

weakness of cuff mm allow upward migration of humeral head -> irritates supraspinatus tendon and/or mm from impingment on acromion
can lead to tear

20
Q

drop arm test

A

supraspinatus tear

21
Q

impingement

A

weakness of rotator cuff can lead to superior subluxation of humeral head when shoulder is abducted beyond 90 degrees, predisposing to impingment syndromes
Sx may be necessary

22
Q

AC seperation

A

fall on tip of shoulder typical
involves both AC and coracoclavicular ligs
5 grades
tender over AC joint, visual inspection at 3+
usually conservative Tx

23
Q

osteoarthritis

A

atrophy, significant loss of both active and passive ROM, tender, crepitus
x-ray loss of joint space

24
Q

adhesive capsulitis

A

aka frozen shoulder
any reason there is long standing loss of ROM
mm atrophy, significant loss of both active and passive ROM, tender, but major complaint is stiffness
DM SIGNIFICANT risk factor
MRI to Dx

25
Q

bursistis

A

trauma, repetitive motion , tender
pain with both active and passive ROM
inject with lidocaine to Dx

26
Q

rotator cuff tear

A

persistent weakness despite pain relief w/injection

27
Q

rotator cuff tendonpathy

A

normal strength with pain relief

28
Q

SLAP lesion

A

superior labrum anterior to posterior
most common in throwing athletes and those who do lots of work overhead
acutely can be d/t grabbing onto something while falling or lifting something heavy suddenly

29
Q

signs of SLAP

A

clicking

ant pain, especially on abduction and external rotation

30
Q

shoulder workup

A

x-ray
US
MRI

31
Q

trochanteric bursitis

A

exaggerated or abnormal movement of gluteus medius and TFL over greater trochanter
lat hip apin

32
Q

chronic trochanteric bursitis

A

bursa fibrose and lose its ability to provide frictionless surface of movement

33
Q

what do you want to know if trochanteric bursitis is suspected

A 
lumbar mm tightness
leg length discrepancy
knee or ankle arthritis
varus/vlagus stance or gait
orthotics?
gait symmetry
34
Q

osteoarthritis

A

activity pain, occuring at night or fist thing in am
groin pain aggrevated by movement
restricted abduction and internal rotation

35
Q

meralgia pareshetica

A

lat femoral cuteanoue nn impinged as it courses underneath inguinal lig
sensory only

36
Q

osteonecrosis

A

aka aseptic necorsis
avascular necrosis or osteochrondritis dissecans
joint collapse in 3-5yrs

37
Q

occult fracture

A

severe pain on light weight bearing
intolerable hip roation
MRI needed, plan xray not sensitive enough

38
Q

referred pain

A

from lumber and SI joint common suspect when:
-whenever groin pain accompanied by back pain
- symptoms extend beyond knee
pareshesia present
direct exam of hip is

39
Q

osgood-schlatter

A

aka tibial tuberosity avulsion
osteochondritis of tibial tubercle
apophystitis of tibial tubercle at insertion of patellar tendon
do not limit kids activity

PCM IV (6 decks)

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