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MSK > MSK ConditionsFinal > Flashcards

MSK ConditionsFinal Flashcards

1
Q

laminectomy

A

spinal decompression; lamina removed; conservative treatment tried first

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2
Q

discectomy

A

removed portion of IVD; effective for treating radiating pain; microdisectomy =less invasive procedure

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3
Q

artificial disc replacement

A

maintains mobility in vertebral articulation ; alternative to fusion

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4
Q

ACDF 9anterior cervical disectomy and fusion

A

none gradt inserted; fusion complete 3-6 mionths post procedure

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5
Q

spinal fusion

A

PSIF,PLIF,TLIF,ALIF,XLIF

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6
Q

LSO

A

lumbrasacral orthotic covers lumbar and sacrum

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7
Q

TLSO

A

thoracic -lumbo-sacral orthotic

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8
Q

CTLSO

A

cervical -thoraic-lumbar-sacral orthtoic

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9
Q

CTO

A

cervical thoracic orhtotic

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10
Q

Femoral neck hip fracture

A

intracapsular, sub capital, spontaneous fx

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11
Q

Symptoms of DVT

A

swelling in lower extremities, localized redness and low grade fever

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12
Q

UE clavicle fx

A

FOOSH and shoulder, occurs at shaft; infants passge thru birth canal

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13
Q

humeral fx

A

radial nerve injury present in about 18%

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14
Q

proximal humeral fx

A

occurs close to shoulder joints;immoblization

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15
Q

shaft humeral fx

A

localized at mid portion of humerus surgical versus non-surgical treatment dependent on fx pattern- sarimento brace

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16
Q

supracondylar fx

A

distal end, just above lateral/medial condyles

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17
Q

ELBOW FX

A

most common type of upper arm injury in children: fall on outstretched hand (FOOSH)
High risk for complication: malunion; compartment syndrome (Volkmann’s deformity)

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18
Q

RADILA HEAD FX

A

more frequent in women ;Symptoms: pain on the exterior of the elbow, swelling, difficulty flexing/extending, inability or difficulty to supinate/pronate

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19
Q

lateral epicondylitis

A

tennis elbow; inflammation to tendons at lateral epicondyle; overuse and muscle strain injury;sypmtoms radiating pain, lateral forearm -wrist

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20
Q

most common affected muscle for lateral epi

A

extensor capri radialis brevis

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21
Q

medial epi

A

golfers elbow;inflammation of tendons on median epicondyle; Characterized by pain from elbow to wrist along the medial aspect of the forearm

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22
Q

primarily impacted muscle of medial epi

A

pronator teres , flexor capri ulnaris

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23
Q

rotator cuff tendonitis

A

Commonly co-occurring with subacromial bursitis
Symptoms: pain (when lifting and lowering your arm/resting and sleeping), weakness (felt when lifting), crepitus
Diagnosis: XR (changes to bone); MRI (definitive dx)
Treatment: cease ax above shoulder level, NSAIDs, HEP

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24
Q

rotator cuff tear

A

Partial thickness: incomplete, damaged tendon
Full thickness: complete, separated from bone
Injury versus degenerative
Treatment – surgical: continued main indicator, reattach tendon to bone, arthroscopic or open, recovery time varies: 6 to 9 months on average

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25
Q

SLAP labral tear

A

superior labrum anterior adn posterior
usually involves biceps tendon

26
Q

bankart lesion

A

Glenoid labrum tear: injury to the anterior (and often inferior) labrum specifically
Anterior shoulder dislocations most likely to cause
Symptoms: shoulder pain (lower front), instability, limited ROM, grinding/popping sensation with movement

27
Q

stages of adhesive capsulitis

A
  1. freezing stage (2-9months)
  2. frozen stage (4-12)
  3. thawing phase(15-24 months)
28
Q

freezing stage of adhesive capsulitis

A

the pain will gradually worsen and also biome more limited in its ROM

29
Q

Frozen stage (4 to 12 months):

A

the pain slowly recedes but your shoulder’s ROM remains limited

30
Q

Thawing phase (15 to 24 months):

A

a slow return to form as your shoulder’s ROM is restored over time

31
Q

DeQuervains Tenosynovitis

A

Tendinitis APL & EPB: first dorsal compartment of wrist

32
Q

DeQ Symptoms

A

Pain and swelling along the radial aspect of wrist/forearm: worsens with thumb abduction or extension, wrist ulnar deviation, grasping hand; fluid-filled cyst
“Catching” sensation with movement of the thumb
Weakened grip

33
Q

Tests for DeQ

A

Finkelsteins adn Eischoffs

34
Q

flexor zones II

A

Zone II flexor tendon injury = poor prognosis for repair; “no man’s land”

35
Q

flexor pulley injury

A

Flexor tendon pulley system: maintains flexor tendons close to the joint’s axis of motion (FDS, FDP)
Prevents bowstringing

36
Q

Flexor PUlley injury contains

A

Contains: palmar aponeurosis, annular pulleys (A1 - A5), cruciate pulleys (C1 - C3)
A1, A3, A5 = located at the joints
A2, A4 = centered on phalanx
** A2 and A4 pulleys will result in bow stringing

37
Q

Flexor pulley injury

A

Causes: excessive force/trauma – rock climbing injury (A2); degenerative conditions (e.g. stenosing tenosynovitis – A1 pulley release)
Symptoms: localized pain/tenderness, swelling, inflammation, bowstringing

38
Q

mallet finger

A

Extensor tendon injury zones I and II
“Baseball finger”
Terminal tendon disruption: flexed DIP joint/inability to actively extend

39
Q

Boutonniere deformity

A

Extensor tendon injury zones III and IV
Flexion at PIP, hyperextension at DIP

40
Q

causes of boutonneire

A

Causes: usually results of trauma: rupture of Pip central slip, laceration injury to the dorsal capsule; 2/2 burn injury; inflammatory arthritis/RA (50% develop)

41
Q

injury to ulnar collateral ligament aka skiers thumb

A

May be associated with a small fracture at the site of ligament attachment
Symptoms: pain, tenderness to palpation, swelling/// gamekeepers thumb

42
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Compression of the median nerve through the carpal tunnel
The most common UE nerve entrapment
Gradually worsens over time – early intervention is key

43
Q

ulnar neve entrapment (cubittal tunnel syndrome)

A

between the medial epicondyle and olecranon
repeated or prolonged elbow flexion, arthritis, bone spurs, prior fx to area
Symptoms: numbness and tingling in the ring & little finger, numbness and tingling at night, hand pain, weak grip, aching pain inside elbow

44
Q

mallet finger

A

Extensor tendon injury zones I and II
“Baseball finger”
Terminal tendon disruption: flexed DIP joint/inability to actively extend

45
Q

swan neck deformity

A

Hyperextension at PIP, flexion at DIP
Causes: RA, untreated mallet finger, ligament laxity, chronic spasticity, ruptured tendon

46
Q

boutonneire deformity

A

Flexion at PIP, hyperextension at DIP
Extensor tendon injury zone III and IV
Causes: usually results of trauma: rupture of PIP central slip, laceration injury to dorsal capsule

47
Q

volkmans contracture

A

Deformity of hand, fingers, and wrist
Caused by injury to muscles of forearm: lack of blood flow, results from compartment syndrome
Commonly associated with supracondylar fx of humerus

48
Q

claw-hand deformity

A

Hyperextension of MCP, flexion PIP and DIP
Ulnar nerve entrapment: cubital tunnel, medial intermuscular septum, ulnar groove in epicondylar region, deep flexor pronator aponeurosis, Guyon’s canal (ulnar tunnel syndrome)

49
Q

neuroma

A

bundle of nerve endings that forms in residual limb, becomes more sensitive

50
Q

Full UE and shoulder amputation

A

forequarter

51
Q

above elbow amputation

A

transhumeral

52
Q

below elbow amputation

A

transracial

53
Q

below wrist

A

trans metacarpal

54
Q

across joints

A

disarticulation (wrist disarticulation

55
Q

lower extremeity amputations (removal of full hip)

A

pelvic amputation (hemipelvectomy)

56
Q

above knee amputation

A

transfemoral

57
Q

below knee

A

transtibial

58
Q

belwo ankle

A

trans metatarsal

59
Q

across ankle

A

symes amputation

60
Q
A

MSK (3 decks)

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