Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal System > MSK Clinical Terms > Flashcards

MSK Clinical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Abduct

A

To draw away from the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Adduct

A

To draw towards the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

-algia

A

suffix meaning painful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

anastomosis

A

Communication between two blood vessels without a capillary intermediary (e.g. artery to artery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ankylosis

A

Fusion of a joint as result of injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antalgic gait

A

painful limp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aponeurosis

A

Thin, fibrous sheet of tissue forming a tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Arthralgia

A

Pain in joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Arthritis

A

A disease causing painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Arthrography

A

Radiography of a joint after injection of radio-opaque dye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Arthroplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction or replacement of a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Arthrosis

A

Anatomical: any joint in the body
Pathological: Degenerative disease of a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Aspiration

A

Removal of fluid from a cavity such as a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Avascular

A

Absences of adequate blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Avulsion

A

Tearing away from attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Axonotmesis

A

Anatomical division of axons with intact nerve sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bunion

A

Adventitious (unusual location) bursa situated over the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Calcification

A

Deposition of calcium salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Callus

A

New bone formed around a fracture site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cavus

A

High arch deformity of foot usually with clawed toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Charcot joint

A

Painless destructive changes in a joint due to loss of sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Claudication

A

Cramping pain induced by exercise, usually due to arterial insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Club foot

A

Congenital deformity of ankle and foot (usually talipes equinovarus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Compartment

A

(Anatomy) A section/chamber of the limb which is contained by bone and fascia containing muscles, vessels etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Compartment syndrome

A

A condition, often caused by trauma, in which muscles in a compartment swell, occluding blood supply, causing ischaemia, pain etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Condyle

A

Bony projections at the end of a long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Congenital

A

Present at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Contracture

A

Deformity of a joint due to muscle and capsule shortening and fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Cortical bone

A

Thick outer portion of diaphysis (shaft)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Coxa

A

The hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Crepitus

A

Crackling sound or feel of rough surfaces in apposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Cubitus

A

Elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Debridement

A

Excision of foreign or devitalised tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Degenerative

A

Deterioration of quality of tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Dermatome

A

(Anatomy) Area of the skin supplied by a single spinal nerve e.g. C5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Dislocation

A

Total disruption of a joint with no remaining contact between the articular surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

-dynia

A

Suffix meaning painful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

dys-

A

Prefix meaning difficult, defective or painful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Dysfunction

A

Impairment of function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Effusion

A

Collection of fluid in a cavity such as a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Enthesis

A

Connective tissue between tendon or ligament and bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Enthesitis

A

Inflammation of the enthesis e.g. in ankylosing spondylitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Epiphysis

A

The separate ossified end of a growing long bone. Separated from shaft by a cartilaginous plate (growth/ epiphyseal plate)

45
Q

Equinus

A

Plantar flexion posture of the ankle and hind foot

46
Q

Fasciectomy

A

Excision of fascia such as Dupuytren’s Contracture

47
Q

Fascia

A

Band or sheath of connective tissue that is primarily collagen

48
Q

Fibrillation

A

Softening and fissuring of articular cartilage surface

49
Q

Foramen

A

Aperture or opening

50
Q

Fossa

A

A ditch or depression

51
Q

Fracture

A

Structural break in the continuity of bone

52
Q

simple fracture

A

Clean break with little damage to local tissue

53
Q

open or compound fracture

A

With piercing or overlying skin and risk of infection

54
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

More than two fragments. often after a crushing injury.

55
Q

Complicated fracture

A

Significant soft tissue damage to nearby structures (nerves, vessels, ligaments, muscles)

56
Q

Gait

A

Pattern of walking

57
Q

Genu

A

The knee

58
Q

Hallux

A

The great toe

59
Q

Hammer toe

A

Toe deformity - hyperextension of proximal interphalangeal joint, flexion of middle interphalangeal joint

60
Q

Kyphosis

A

Flexion deformity of the spine (usually thoracic)

61
Q

Lordosis

A

Spine held in exaggerated extension (usually lumbar)

62
Q

Lucent

A

Transparent

63
Q

Lytic

A

Removal of tissue such as bone

64
Q

Mallet finger

A

Flexion deformity of distal interphalangeal joint of finger due to loss of active extension

65
Q

Meniscectomy

A

Operative removal of semilunar cartilage of knee (meniscus)

66
Q

Metaphysis

A

Flared region of long bone on diaphyseal side of epiphyseal plate

67
Q

Mixed spinal nerve or spinal nerve

A

A nerve which carries sensory, motor and autonomic fibres (many thousands of each) to and from the CNS

68
Q

Myelogram

A

X-ray taken after dye injected into spinal canal

69
Q

Myotome

A

(Anatomy) Muscles supplied by a single spinal root

70
Q

Neurapraxia

A

Temporary physiological interruption of conduction in anatomically intact nerve

71
Q

Neurotmesis

A

Total or partial severance of axons and nerve sheath

72
Q

Nidus

A

Source of reaction or infection

73
Q

Opaque

A

Not transparent

74
Q

Orthopaedics

A

Surgery on bones or joints

75
Q

Ossification

A

Process of forming bone

76
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Degeneration of joint cartilage and underlying bone

77
Q

Osteoblast

A

Bone forming cell

78
Q

Osteoclast

A

Multinucleate bone cell that absorbs bone tissue

79
Q

Osteogenesis

A

Formation of bone

80
Q

Osteotomy

A

Surgical cutting through bone, usually to allow realignment

81
Q

Pannus

A

Granulation tissue formation within a joint. Spreads to erode articular cartilage in rheumatoid arthritis.

82
Q

Paraesthesia

A

Pins and needles sensation due to damage to a sensory nerve or its blood supply

83
Q

Periosteum

A

Membrane covering diaphysis (shaft) of the bone

84
Q

pes planus

A

Flat foot

85
Q

Physiotherapy

A

The application of physical methods of treatment e.g. heat, exercises, ultra-violet radiation

86
Q

Proprioception

A

Sensibility to position

87
Q

Pseudarthrosis

A

Non- union of a fracture leading to a false joint with fibrous tissue between bone ends

88
Q

Radicular pain

A

Experienced in a dermatome and due to nerve root irritation

89
Q

Rarefaction

A

Diminished bone density in radiographs

90
Q

Reflex arc

A

Neural components of a reflex e.g. sensory nerve, interneurone, motor neurone

91
Q

Retinaculum

A

A restraining band

92
Q

Rheumatology

A

The study of medical disorders of the musculoskeletal system

93
Q

Rigidus

A

Stiff

94
Q

Sciatica

A

Pain in the distribution of the sciatic nerve

95
Q

Scoliosis

A

Lateral curvature of the spine

96
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Bones of the central axis of body (skull vertebral column, sternum, ribcage

97
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Bones of upper and lower limb (including pelvic girdle)

98
Q

Spondylitis

A

Inflammatory disorder involving vertebral joints

99
Q

Spondylolisthesis

A

Anterior subluxation of one vertebral body upon another

100
Q

Spondylosis

A

Non-specific degenerative changes in the inter-vertebral discs

101
Q

Spur

A

Abnormal projection of bone

102
Q

Stretch reflex or deep tendon reflex

A

Tapping a tendon stretches the muscle spindles. Gamma motor neurones from the spindle sen an increase in activity to alpha motor neurones in the spinal cord. Alpha motor neurones are activated and the muscle contracts causing a jerk response. Monosynpatic.

103
Q

Subluxation

A

Partial disruption of a joint with some remaining but abnomral apposition of the articular surfaces

104
Q

Talipes

A

Ankle and foot

105
Q

Tenodesis

A

Fixation of a tendon to bone

106
Q

Tenolysis

A

Surgically freeing a tendon from adhesions

107
Q

Tenosynovitis

A

Inflammation in the sheath of a tendon

108
Q

Valgus

A

Condition in which hand or foot deviates away from the mid-line i.e. Genu-Varum-‘bow leg’

109
Q

Veni commitantes

A

Veins which accompany deep arteries that are often unnamed

Musculoskeletal System (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions