MSK and Rheum - other info from passmed

Question 1

What is Ewing’s sarcoma? Where does it occur commonly? What is the characteristic appearance on XRAY?

Answer 1

Malignant bone tumour affecting children and adolescents predominantly

Occurs most frequently in pelvis and long bones

‘Onion skin’ appearance

Question 2

Osteogenesis Imperfecta key features?

Answer 2

Osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease) is a group of disorders of collagen metabolism resulting in bone fragility and fractures

autosomal dominant

Features
presents in childhood

fractures following minor trauma

BLUE SCLERA

deafness secondary to otosclerosis

dental imperfections are common

Investigations
adjusted calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone and ALP results are usually normal in osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 3

Key features for an ACL diagnosis?

Answer 3

Sudden popping sound during athletic activity → knee pain, swelling and instability is an ACL injury