MSK

Question 1

why might the neck be crooked

Answer 1

spasm or pain

Question 2

what can alter iliac crest height

Answer 2

leg length discrepancy, scoliosis

Question 3

what can cause a gibbus (angular deformity in the spine)

Answer 3

wedge fracture (OA), osteomyelitis, tumour

Question 4

what symptoms might a thoracic rib produce

Answer 4

neuro symptoms, thoracic outlet syndrome (compromised vasculature)

Question 5

what might cause pain in sacroiliac joint

Answer 5

OA, sacrolitis

Question 6

what would cause different chest height when bent over

Answer 6

scoliosis

Question 7

what range of movement is normal for lumbar lateral flexion

Answer 7

hand below knee

Question 8

what movements must you be above the patients to assess

Answer 8

neck movements

Question 9

what do you look for in a fully extended knee

Answer 9

full extension, hamstring wasting, bakers cyst

Question 10

what can cause muscle wasting

Answer 10

disuse and denervation

Question 11

what is in a bakers cysts

Answer 11

synovial fluid- outpouching of synovium

Question 12

what is a antalgic gait

Answer 12

pain relieving gait (short stance phase on affected side)

Question 13

what is an ataxic gait

Answer 13

wide base gait

Question 14

what is an effusion in MSK

Answer 14

fluid within the joint

Question 15

where is the best place to look for an effusion in the knee

Answer 15

medial sulcus- dip in the inside of the knee

Question 16

what causes heat of a joint

Answer 16

septic arthritis, inflammatory arthritis, reactive synovitis

Question 17

when is a gutter sweep positive

Answer 17

in small or moderate effusion

Question 18

who gets patella instability

Answer 18

young, hypermobile, anterior knee pain

Question 19

which direction is the patella most likely to dislocate

Answer 19

medially

Question 20

what is felt on a patellar grind test

Answer 20

crunching and probably pain by patient

Question 21

what does the straight leg raise test

Answer 21

extensor mechanism

Question 22

how to test posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 22

look for posterior test, compare to other side, see if it touches hand, then pull forward

Question 23

what is a fixed flexion deformity

Answer 23

lack of complete extension

Question 24

why can you not see an effusion in the hip joint

Answer 24

too deep

Question 25

what will cause tenderness in palpation of the greater trochanter

Answer 25

bursitis

Question 26

what will thomas test show

Answer 26

fixed flexion deformity

Question 27

what to you asses from side of shoulder

Answer 27

look along clavicle to check alignment

Question 28

what muscles of shoulder do you asses from the back

Answer 28

deltoid, trapezius, supraspinatous, infrapsinatous

Question 29

what do you look for in the axilla

Answer 29

lymph nodes, pathology, scars

Question 30

what grove does the long head of the biceps run in

Answer 30

biciptial groove

Question 31

what does better passive than active movement suggest

Answer 31

muscle weakness (e.g. frozen shoulder)

Question 32

what muscles stabilise the scapula- what are they innervated by

Answer 32

latissimus dorsi and serratus

long thoracic nerve (serratus) and thoracodorsal nerve (latissimus)

Question 33

what muscles in rotator cuff initiated abduction

Answer 33

supraspinatus