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Phsyciatry > MSE > Flashcards

MSE Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different sections of the MSE?

A

Appearance/ Behaviour
Speech
Mood
Affect
Thoughts
Perception
Insight
Judgeent
Memory
Concentration
Orientation
Risk

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2
Q

What aspects of a patients appearance should you comment on?

A

Hygiene
Clothing
Weight
Age
Grooming
Signs of disease/ or difficulties (e.g. scars)
Objects brought with them

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3
Q

What aspects of a patients behaviour should you comment on?

A

Engagement/ rapport
Eye contact
Facial expression
Body language
Psychomotor activity (retardation, agitation, tremors ect)
Abnormal movement

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4
Q

What aspect of speech should you comment on?

A

Rate
Quantity
Tone
Volume
Fluency/ Rhythm

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5
Q

What is psychomotor retardation?

A

Main symptom of depression: Slowing down of mental and physical activities

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6
Q

What is affect?

A

Immediately expressed and observed emotion (e.g. facial expression and demeanour)

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7
Q

What is mood?

A

Predominant subjective internal state

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8
Q

Difference between mood and affect?

A

Mood is what the patient tells you, affect is what you observe

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9
Q

What aspects of affect should you comment on?

A

Apparent emotion
Range and mobility of affect (e.g. alters throughout interview)
Intensity
Congruency with stated mood or words

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10
Q

What should be commented on about a patients thoughts?

A

Speed
Flow/ Coherence
Content
Possession

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11
Q

What is thought form?

A

The processing and organisation of thoughts

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12
Q

What are circumstantial thoughts?

A

When the thought includes lots of irrelevant and unnecessary details but eventually come back to the point.

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13
Q

What are tangential thoughts?

A

Digression from the subject without coming back to it (off on a tangent)

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14
Q

What is flight of ideas?

A

Fast, pressured speech. Ideas run into one another. Hard to follow

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15
Q

What is thought blocking?

A

Sudden cessation of thought

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16
Q

What is perseveration?

A

Repetition of a particular response (e.g. word, phrase, gesture)

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17
Q

What are neologisms?

A

Words the patient has made up

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18
Q

What is word salad?

A

String of words without relation to one another

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19
Q

What are delusions?

A

Firm, fixed beliefs based on irrational grounds.

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20
Q

What are persecutory delusions?

A

When a patient believes someone/ a group is trying to harm them

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21
Q

What are ideas of reference?

A

When the individual incorrectly believes specific events relates to them (e.g. the news)

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22
Q

What are obsessions?

A

Thoughts/ images or impulses that occur repeatedly and feel out of the persons control (patient aware they are irrational)

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23
Q

What are compulsions?

A

Repetitive behaviours that the patient feels compelled to perform despite the irrationality

24
Q

What are overvalued ideas?

A

Solitary, abnormal belief that is neither delusional nor obsessional but dominates the persons life (e.g. body dysmorphia in anorexia)

25
Q

What are the different types of abnormalities of thought posession/ alienation?

A

Thought insertion
Thought withdrawal
Thought broadcasting

26
Q

What is thought insertion?

A

Belief that thoughts can be inserted into the patients mind

27
Q

What is thought withdrawal?

A

Belief that thoughts can be removed from the patients mind

28
Q

What is thought broadcasting?

A

Belief that others can hear the patients thoughts

29
Q

What is perception in the MSE?

A

The organisation, identification and interpretation of sensory information to understand the world

30
Q

What are the different abnormalities of perception?

A

Hallucinations
Pseudo-hallucinations
Illusions
Depersonalisation
Derealisation

31
Q

What are hallucinations?

A

Sensory perception without any external stimulation of the relevant sense (e.g. hears voices)

32
Q

What are pseudo-hallucinations?

A

Same as hallucinations but the patient knows it is not real

33
Q

What are illusions?

A

The misinterpretation of an external stimulus (e.g. mistaking a shadow for a person)

34
Q

What is depersonalisation?

A

The patient feels that they are no longer their ‘true’ self and are someone different or strange

35
Q

What is derealisation?

A

A sense that the world around them is not a true reality

36
Q

How do you assess a persons cognition?

A

See if they are orientated in time, place and person
See what their attention span/ concentration levels are like
See what their short term memory is like

37
Q

What is insight?

A

The ability of the patient to understand their problem

38
Q

What is judgement?

A

The ability of the patient to make sound decisions

39
Q

How do you assess risk?

A

Ask if they are experiencing any thought of harming themselves or others

40
Q

What is delusional perception?

A

When a patient gives a false meaning to a true perception (e.g. may think that a traffic light turning red means martians have arrived)

41
Q

What is thought echo?

A

When a patient has a hallucination of hearing aloud their own thoughts after thinking them

42
Q

What is concrete thinking?

A

Literal thinking - based on what you can see, hear and feel in the moment

43
Q

What is loosening of association?

A

Lack of connection between ideas

44
Q

What is confabulation?

A

Where a patient generates a false memory without the intention of deceit (common in dementia)

45
Q

What is somatic passivity?

A

Experience of bodily sensations (actions, thoughts or emotions) imposed by an external agency

46
Q

What is deliriu?

A

A worsening or change in a person’s mental state that happens suddenly. Usually confused and disorientated

47
Q

What is catatonia?

A

A state in which someone is awake but does not seem to respond to other people and their environment

48
Q

What is poverty of speech?

A

Lack of conversation

49
Q

What is pressure of speech?

A

When you talk faster than normal usually without pauses

50
Q

What is anhedonia?

A

The loss of the ability to feel pleasure

51
Q

What is flattening of affect?

A

When you feel emotions but showing very little visually

52
Q

What is incongruity of affect?

A

Lack of correlation between affect and stated mood (common in schizophrenia)

53
Q

What is blunting of affect?

A

Decreased ability to express emotion through your facial expressions, tone and physical movements

54
Q

What is Belle indifference?

A

(Beautiful ignorance) Paradoxical absence of psychological distress despite having a serious medical illness

55
Q

What are conversion disorders?

A

Psychiatric disorder where your sensory or motor function is affected but inconsistent with known neurological diseases (Functional neurological disorder)

56
Q

What is stereotypy?

A

The persistent repetition of an act for no obvious purpose

57
Q
A

Phsyciatry (3 decks)

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