MS Tissue Clinical Applications

Question 1

Autograft

Answer 1

A graft transferred from one part of a patient’s body to another
Advantages-Live cells, no immune/disease issues
Disadvantages-limited supply/anatomy, tissue maybe poor quality

Question 2

Allograft

Answer 2

Transplant tissue obtained from the same species
Advantages: Unlimited supply, many shapes/sizes, shortens surgery
Disadvantages: Potential for disease, Slower healing

Question 3

Primary Use for Allograft

Answer 3

Spinal Fusion
Trauma
Craniomaxillofacial
Total Joint
Other

Question 4

3 Mechanisms of Bone healing

Answer 4

Osteoconductivity
Osteoinductivity
Osteogenicity-

Question 5

Osteoconduction

cortical or cancellour or cortical/cancellous graft used to bridge a skeletal defect
All allografts have osteoconductive properties*

Answer 5

Population of bone cells of the host into an inert graft-Functions as a trellis or scaffold for the in growth of new host bone-provides structural support or space filling

Question 6

Osteoinduction

Answer 6

Process occurs when a graft material is able to induce cells at the defect site to transform into bone forming cells (osteoprogenitor cells)
All bone has native proteins that can induce new bone formation. Locked inside cortical bone-exposed by removing the bone mineral with acid extraction (demineraliztion)

Question 7

Osteogenesis

• Living bone cells are able to form new bone
• auto graft

Answer 7

The act of generating bone

Allografts that have osteogenic properties: currently only stem cell grafts

Question 8

Morselized

Answer 8

-particulate grafts regardless of size

Question 9

Powders

Answer 9

ground materials with the particles sizes ranging from 125u-4mm

Question 10

Chips and Crushed

Answer 10

Synonymous terms and have undefined particle sizes usually large

Question 11

Cubes

Answer 11

Large cubes of cancellous bone categorized by cubic dimensions

Question 12

Strips

Answer 12

Refers to grafts derived from the ilium containing cortical and cancellous bone

Question 13

Struts

Answer 13

Refer primarily to the grafts derived from the shafts of long bones and contain only cortical bone

Question 14

Small “cut” bone grafts

Answer 14

rings, wedges, dowels, strips and struts

Question 15

Non-weight bearing grafts

Answer 15

Fascia Lata
Pericardium
Skin
DBA
Ground Cortical and Cancellous

Question 16

Spine Anatomy

Answer 16

33 
7-Cervical (top)
12-Thoracic
5-Lumbar
5-Sacaral (fused)
4 Coccygeal (fused)

Question 17

Natural Curvature

Answer 17

Lordosis

Kyphosis

Question 18

Degenerative Disk Disease

Surgical intervention to restore disk height

Answer 18

Disk Space collapses

Nerves are trapped (pain, tingling/numbness, weakness, loss of bladder/bowel control

Question 19

Struct Graft

Answer 19

Used to strengthen a Spine