Ms tabujara Flashcards
Newborn assessment at 1 to 5 minutes after birth to determine neurologic deficit.
APGAR scoring
What are the 5 parameters of APGAR?
Heart Rate
Respiratory Effort
Muscle Tone
Reflex Irritability
Color
Treatment of jaundice
Phototherapy or Exchange Infusion
Used to estimate degrees of respiratory distress in newborn
Respiratory evaluation:
Silverman and Andersen index
What do nurses need to do in Phototherapy treatment?
-Closely monitor body temp and fluid electrolyte imbalance
-Observe skin Integrity
-Provide Eye protection
-Encourage parent participation
-Monitor pathologic jaundice
What is the long term adverse neurologic effect of prolonged hypoglycemia?
Learning disabilities and mental retardation.
Blueness of NB hands and feet
Acrocyanosis
Cyanosis of trunk
Central cyanosis
The yellowish of infant’s skin and sclera of the eyes that occurs at the 2nd or 3rd day of life.
Hyperbilirubinemia
The redness of the dependent side infant’s skin when lying on the side while the other side is pale, as if a line is drawn in the center
Harlequin sign
Macular purple or dark-red lesion sometimes called as port-wine stain.
Typically appears on the face, thigh and nose
Nevus flammeus
Refers to elevated areas formed by immature capillaries and endothelial cells. High estrogen levels in pregnancy.
Strawberry Hemangioma
Appear as slate-gray patches across the sacrum or buttocks or in the arms and legs
Mongolian spots
White, cream cheese-like substance that serves as a skin lubricant in the utero
Vernix Caseosa
Fine downy hair that covers the newborns back, shoulder and upoer arms
Lanugo
37-39 wks babies have more than 40 wks
Extremely dry skin of newborns similar to sunburn
Desquamation
White papule found on the cheeck or across the bridge of the nose.
Milia
Flea bite rash
Erythema Toxicum
Circular or linear contusion matching the rim of the forcep’s blade
Forceps Marks
Newborn skin should feel resilient if the underlying tissue is well hydrated
Skin turgor
The space or openings where skull bones join
Fontanelles
When does anterior fontanelles closes
12 to 18 months
When does posterior fontanelles close
2 months / 2nd month
What to assess for fontanelles?
-Indented or sunken (sign of dehydration)
-bulging (sign of increase intracranial pressure)
Separating lines of the skull
Sutures
Part of the infant’s head that engaged the cervix molds to fit cervix contours during labor
Molding
Edema of the scalp at the presenting part of the head
Caput succedaneum (collection of fluid under scalp)
Collection of blood between the periosteum of a skull bone and the bone itself (takes weeks to be absorbed) (could lead to jaundice)
Cephalhematoma
Localized softening of cranial bones
Craniotabes
Between what months does eye assume permanent color
3 and 12 months
What is given at birth to protect from chlamydia infection and opthalmia neonatorum (gonorrhea conjuctivitis)
Erythromycin
Low seated ear could possibly be sign of what?
Down syndrome and kidney disorder
What is choanal atresia?
Blockage at the rear of the nose
What is called when the upper part of the esophagus does not connect with the lower esophagus and stomach
Esophageal atresia
True or false
The newborn’s chest should be bigger than the head in diameter
False
What do you call an undescended testes?
Cyptorchidism
Urethral opening is on the dorsal surface
Epispadias
Urethral opening is in the ventral surface
Hypospadias
What is the collection of fluid in a sac next to a testis
Hydrocele
Why do we need to inspect palm for simian crease?
May be associated with down syndrome
The affected foot looks like it has been rotated internally at the ankle
Clubfoot or congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV)
Newborn nursing care
-Regulation of Temperature
- Regulation of Respiration
- Protection from infection and injury
- Identify the baby after delivery
-Cord Care
Where do we inject Vitamin K?
Right Vastus lateralis
What is found in the breastmilk that binds large bacteria and viruses, keeping them from being absorbed in the GI tract?
Immunoglobulin
Iron binding protein in breastmilk that interferes with the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
Lactoferin
Chief protein in human breastmilk
Alpha-lactalbumin
Casein in cows
Protein in breastmilk that attacks diarrhea causing viruses
Lactadherin
Thin, watery, yellow fluid composed of protein, sugar, fat, water, minerals, vitamins and maternal antibodies
Colostrum
Enzyme in breastmilk that actively destroys bacteria by lysing their membranes
Lysozyme
It interferes with the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the GIT
Lactobacillus bifidus
True or false
Breastmilk has more linoleic acid, potassium, phosphorus and less sodium than milk formulas?
True
Breastfeeding contraindications
-maternal alcoholism
-cigarette smoke
-caffeine
-medications and illicit drugs
-maternal illness
Sign that newborns are getting enough milk
-atleast 6 wet diapers and 2 to 5 loose yellow stools daily
-pale-yellow urine not deep yellow or orange
-sleeping well, yet looks alert and healthy when awake
True or false
Before removing infant from the breast, we need to break the suction by inserting finger
True
True or false
Don’t burp the infant when changing breast and at the end of the breastfeeding session
False
When are we allowed to bath the baby?
6 hours after birth
