MS: Intro to Windows Client Flashcards
Windows Client is designed for…
end-user work or recreational activity in the office/at home; this is the Windows operating system most commonly used for personal needs
Windows Server is designed for…
providing services and service management for clients; typically used in organization-level networks
the Windows 1.0 OS client was first released in…
1985
the two main versions of Windows in use today are…
Windows 7 and Windows 10
Windows 7 was published in and is used by…
2009 - approximately 26% of Windows users
the Windows 7 end-of-life began on…
Jan 14 2020 - Microsoft ended its support for Windows 7, including patches and security updates
Windows 10 was published in and is used by…
2015 - approximately 57% of Windows users
common settings for both Windows 7 and Windows 10 include…
System
Windows Firewall
Administrative Tools
Network
Windows Firewall was first introduced to the Windows OS in…
XP version
what Windows firewall feature is not included in some other commercial firewall solutions?
ability to apply rules and exceptions on the application level
Windows Administrative Tools is…
a folder that contains tools for system administrators
the tools are used to perform administrative operations, such as accessing computer management settings and modifying system configuration options
most operations managed by Windows Administrative Tools require high-level privileged accounts (such as administrative accounts)
Windows Device Manager settings are located…
in the Computer Management tool; the Device Manager is similar in Windows 7 and Windows 10
the manager provides information about hardware components connected to the computer; you can use it to update the hardware driver, uninstall it, and disable a connected device
Windows Event Viewer is…
an administrative tool that displays logs and system messages regarding events that occur in the system
a multipurpose tool that provides, among other information, logs of all application, system, and security-related activities; granularity and level of logging is configurable
the Windows Network Center interface…
provides direct access to Network Interface Card (NIC) configuration; enables you to set up a new connection in the system and troubleshoot network issues that may arise
what is Command Prompt (CMD)?
a Microsoft command-line shell that enables direct interaction with the system
what is a GUI?
Graphical User Interface - allows you to point and click on icons and graphical images to run programs and copy files
before the Windows GUI was invented, what was the only shell that could be used?
Disk Operating System (DOS) CMD shell, which consisted of specific commands that would run programs on a computer system
difference between CMD commands vs. their corresponding GUI options
CMD commands are more flexible - each command includes its own flags (options) that affect the output
navigation of the OS file system is usually done through…
the Windows GUI Explorer OR with CMD using ‘cd’ (change directory)
the destination of a directory can either be…
an absolute path i.e.
cd c:\Windows\system32 or according to the current relative location
what does the below command do?
cd ..
this tells the system to go to the parent directory
what does the below command stand for?
dir
directory
what does the ‘dir’ command do?
lists all sub-directories and files of a given directory; also provides metadata of files and directories, such as the date a file was last modified and its size
can the ‘dir’ command accept flags that control the output?
YES
what does the below command do?
dir /A H
displays files with specified attributes i.e to view all hidden files
what does the below command do?
dir /O N
list by files in sorted order i.e. in alphabetical order
how would we view all available flags for a command?
use /?
what does the below command do?
copy
copies files
what does the below command do?
move
relocates files
what does the below command do?
mkdir
creates a new directory
what does the below command do?
rmdir
removes a directory
note: to remove a directory with files, you must include the /S flag (this removes all directories and files in the specified directory in addition to the directory itself and is used to remove a directory tree)
what are the main entities in a Windows environment?
users and groups
what are the 4 different types of Windows users from least to most privileged?
guest user, standard user, administrator, NT authority
define guest user
they can use the Windows system, but Windows does not recognize the guest user by name, but as a GUEST
they are like standard users and can perform the same operations in the system
LACKS PRIVACY i.e. any changes they make to the desktop can be seen by anyone else that logs into the guest account
define standard user
basic account for normal, everyday use of a Windows system
can access most of the system functions, but they cannot make any major changes to the settings i.e. CANNOT RUN or INSTALL new programs
define administrator
can introduce different changes to the Windows system that will affect other (standard) users who use the system i.e can control which applications and programs are installed on the system
define NT authority
also known as a system account, is the most privileged account - and has unrestricted access to local system resources, such as services running on the system
this user cannot be managed by other accounts
what are the 3 common Windows groups?
administrators
users
guests
define administrators groups
users of this group have complete access to the computer
define users groups
users of this group have restricted access to prevent intentional/accidental damage, such as installation of malicious software
define guest groups
similar to the users groups, but all data is deleted upon logout, not enabled by default
local user and group settings are located in…
the Computer Management tool
what command would create a new local user?
net user [name] [password] /ADD
what command would create a new local group?
net localgroup [name] /ADD
what command would add a user to a group?
net localgroup [group name] [username] /ADD
what command would display all users in the Windows system?
net users
define a Windows backup and what it’s used for…
a copy of the system data i.e registry, file system, etc that’s stored in case data is damaged and a system failure occurs or in case of a ransomware attack
what is BitLocker?
a built-in security feature of Windows 10 (also available in Windows 7) that provides full drive encryption to prevent unauthorized access to the protected drive
what is Windows Defender and what does it do?
a built-in Microsoft antivirus application that provides real-time periodic scans against malware and a centralized panel to manage its policies (Windows Security Center)
this replaced Microsoft Security Essentials in Windows 7
