MS: Intro to Windows Client

Question 1

Windows Client is designed for…

Answer 1

end-user work or recreational activity in the office/at home; this is the Windows operating system most commonly used for personal needs

Question 2

Windows Server is designed for…

Answer 2

providing services and service management for clients; typically used in organization-level networks

Question 3

the Windows 1.0 OS client was first released in…

Answer 3

1985

Question 4

the two main versions of Windows in use today are…

Answer 4

Windows 7 and Windows 10

Question 5

Windows 7 was published in and is used by…

Answer 5

2009 - approximately 26% of Windows users

Question 6

the Windows 7 end-of-life began on…

Answer 6

Jan 14 2020 - Microsoft ended its support for Windows 7, including patches and security updates

Question 7

Windows 10 was published in and is used by…

Answer 7

2015 - approximately 57% of Windows users

Question 8

common settings for both Windows 7 and Windows 10 include…

Answer 8

System
Windows Firewall
Administrative Tools
Network

Question 9

Windows Firewall was first introduced to the Windows OS in…

Answer 9

XP version

Question 10

what Windows firewall feature is not included in some other commercial firewall solutions?

Answer 10

ability to apply rules and exceptions on the application level

Question 11

Windows Administrative Tools is…

Answer 11

a folder that contains tools for system administrators

the tools are used to perform administrative operations, such as accessing computer management settings and modifying system configuration options

most operations managed by Windows Administrative Tools require high-level privileged accounts (such as administrative accounts)

Question 12

Windows Device Manager settings are located…

Answer 12

in the Computer Management tool; the Device Manager is similar in Windows 7 and Windows 10

the manager provides information about hardware components connected to the computer; you can use it to update the hardware driver, uninstall it, and disable a connected device

Question 13

Windows Event Viewer is…

Answer 13

an administrative tool that displays logs and system messages regarding events that occur in the system

a multipurpose tool that provides, among other information, logs of all application, system, and security-related activities; granularity and level of logging is configurable

Question 14

the Windows Network Center interface…

Answer 14

provides direct access to Network Interface Card (NIC) configuration; enables you to set up a new connection in the system and troubleshoot network issues that may arise

Question 15

what is Command Prompt (CMD)?

Answer 15

a Microsoft command-line shell that enables direct interaction with the system

Question 16

what is a GUI?

Answer 16

Graphical User Interface - allows you to point and click on icons and graphical images to run programs and copy files

Question 17

before the Windows GUI was invented, what was the only shell that could be used?

Answer 17

Disk Operating System (DOS) CMD shell, which consisted of specific commands that would run programs on a computer system

Question 18

difference between CMD commands vs. their corresponding GUI options

Answer 18

CMD commands are more flexible - each command includes its own flags (options) that affect the output

Question 19

navigation of the OS file system is usually done through…

Answer 19

the Windows GUI Explorer OR with CMD using ‘cd’ (change directory)

Question 20

the destination of a directory can either be…

Answer 20

an absolute path i.e.

cd c:\Windows\system32 or according to the current relative location

Question 21

what does the below command do?

cd ..

Answer 21

this tells the system to go to the parent directory

Question 22

what does the below command stand for?

dir

Answer 22

directory

Question 23

what does the ‘dir’ command do?

Answer 23

lists all sub-directories and files of a given directory; also provides metadata of files and directories, such as the date a file was last modified and its size

Question 24

can the ‘dir’ command accept flags that control the output?

Answer 24

YES

Question 25

what does the below command do?

dir /A H

Answer 25

displays files with specified attributes i.e to view all hidden files

Question 26

what does the below command do?

dir /O N

Answer 26

list by files in sorted order i.e. in alphabetical order

Question 27

how would we view all available flags for a command?

Answer 27

use /?

Question 28

what does the below command do?

copy

Answer 28

copies files

Question 29

what does the below command do?

move

Answer 29

relocates files

Question 30

what does the below command do?

mkdir

Answer 30

creates a new directory

Question 31

what does the below command do?

rmdir

Answer 31

removes a directory

note: to remove a directory with files, you must include the /S flag (this removes all directories and files in the specified directory in addition to the directory itself and is used to remove a directory tree)

Question 32

what are the main entities in a Windows environment?

Answer 32

users and groups

Question 33

what are the 4 different types of Windows users from least to most privileged?

Answer 33

guest user, standard user, administrator, NT authority

Question 34

define guest user

Answer 34

they can use the Windows system, but Windows does not recognize the guest user by name, but as a GUEST

they are like standard users and can perform the same operations in the system

LACKS PRIVACY i.e. any changes they make to the desktop can be seen by anyone else that logs into the guest account

Question 35

define standard user

Answer 35

basic account for normal, everyday use of a Windows system

can access most of the system functions, but they cannot make any major changes to the settings i.e. CANNOT RUN or INSTALL new programs

Question 36

define administrator

Answer 36

can introduce different changes to the Windows system that will affect other (standard) users who use the system i.e can control which applications and programs are installed on the system

Question 37

define NT authority

Answer 37

also known as a system account, is the most privileged account - and has unrestricted access to local system resources, such as services running on the system

this user cannot be managed by other accounts

Question 38

what are the 3 common Windows groups?

Answer 38

administrators

users

guests

Question 39

define administrators groups

Answer 39

users of this group have complete access to the computer

Question 40

define users groups

Answer 40

users of this group have restricted access to prevent intentional/accidental damage, such as installation of malicious software

Question 41

define guest groups

Answer 41

similar to the users groups, but all data is deleted upon logout, not enabled by default

Question 42

local user and group settings are located in…

Answer 42

the Computer Management tool

Question 43

what command would create a new local user?

Answer 43

net user [name] [password] /ADD

Question 44

what command would create a new local group?

Answer 44

net localgroup [name] /ADD

Question 45

what command would add a user to a group?

Answer 45

net localgroup [group name] [username] /ADD

Question 46

what command would display all users in the Windows system?

Answer 46

net users

Question 47

define a Windows backup and what it’s used for…

Answer 47

a copy of the system data i.e registry, file system, etc that’s stored in case data is damaged and a system failure occurs or in case of a ransomware attack

Question 48

what is BitLocker?

Answer 48

a built-in security feature of Windows 10 (also available in Windows 7) that provides full drive encryption to prevent unauthorized access to the protected drive

Question 49

what is Windows Defender and what does it do?

Answer 49

a built-in Microsoft antivirus application that provides real-time periodic scans against malware and a centralized panel to manage its policies (Windows Security Center)

this replaced Microsoft Security Essentials in Windows 7