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Physical Assessment > MS exam > Flashcards

MS exam Flashcards

1
Q

Physical Exam steps?

4

A

Inspection
Palpation
Range of Motion (ROM)
Special Techniques

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2
Q

Three parts of ROM?

A
  • -Active ROM (AROM)
  • -Passive ROM (PROM)
  • -Goniometer
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3
Q

Inspection- Begin exam by observing gait and posture when the patient enters the exam room. What positions?
5

A 
Walking
Sitting
Rising from a sitting position
Balance
Limp
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4
Q

Looking for the acronym SEADS on inspections?

A 
Swelling
Erythema
Atrophy
Deformity
Symmetry
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5
Q

What aspects of posture are we looking at?

A

Anterior, posterior and lateral

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6
Q

In each aspect what are we looking at?

6

A
  1. Asymmetry
  2. Alignment
  3. Tissues overlying muscles, cartilage, joints
  4. Bone enlargement and length
  5. Contour, circumference
  6. Muscle size
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7
Q

Palpate bones, joints, and surrounding muscles for the following:
6

A 
Heat
Tenderness
Swelling
Crepitus (abnormal)
Resistance to pressure
Muscle tone
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8
Q

Active ROM and passive ROM for each joint and related muscle group. What should we note?
5

A 
Pain
Limited or spastic movement
Joint instability
Deformity
Contracture 
-passive= move them yourself
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9
Q

PROM may exceed AROM by how many degrees?

A

5

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10
Q

AROM and PROM should be equal in what kind of joints?

A

contralateral joints

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11
Q

What would dicrepancies in AROM and PROM indicate?

A

muscle weakness or disorder

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12
Q

Muscle Strength
compare bilateral muscles for?
4

A

Strength
Symmetry
Equality
Resistance

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13
Q

What are the Muscle function levels and grades?

A

5/5 (none at all), 4/5 (gives a little), 3/5
For complete ROM
3/5 is against gravity

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14
Q 
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
4
A

Inspect
Palpate
Strength
ROM

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15
Q

What muscles are we looking at for strength in TMJ?

2

A

of temporalis and masseter muscles

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16
Q

ROM exercises for TMJ?

4

A

Open and close mouth
Laterally move the lower jaw to each side
Protrude and retract chin

Dont do passive range of motion for TMJ

17
Q

Cervical Spine inspection?

2

A
  1. Alignment with head and shoulders, posterior and anterior

2. Asymmetric skin folds

18
Q

Cervical spine palpation?

2

A
  1. Note muscle tone

2. symmetry, tenderness, spasms

19
Q

Thoracic and lumbar palpation?

A
  1. Paravertebral muscles
  2. Have patient slowly bend forward
    - Palpate along the spinal processes of the vertebrae
    - Again, observe curvature

Physical Assessment (4 decks)

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