MS exam Flashcards
Physical Exam steps?
4
Inspection
Palpation
Range of Motion (ROM)
Special Techniques
Three parts of ROM?
- -Active ROM (AROM)
- -Passive ROM (PROM)
- -Goniometer
Inspection- Begin exam by observing gait and posture when the patient enters the exam room. What positions?
5
Walking Sitting Rising from a sitting position Balance Limp
Looking for the acronym SEADS on inspections?
Swelling Erythema Atrophy Deformity Symmetry
What aspects of posture are we looking at?
Anterior, posterior and lateral
In each aspect what are we looking at?
6
- Asymmetry
- Alignment
- Tissues overlying muscles, cartilage, joints
- Bone enlargement and length
- Contour, circumference
- Muscle size
Palpate bones, joints, and surrounding muscles for the following:
6
Heat Tenderness Swelling Crepitus (abnormal) Resistance to pressure Muscle tone
Active ROM and passive ROM for each joint and related muscle group. What should we note?
5
Pain Limited or spastic movement Joint instability Deformity Contracture -passive= move them yourself
PROM may exceed AROM by how many degrees?
5
AROM and PROM should be equal in what kind of joints?
contralateral joints
What would dicrepancies in AROM and PROM indicate?
muscle weakness or disorder
Muscle Strength
compare bilateral muscles for?
4
Strength
Symmetry
Equality
Resistance
What are the Muscle function levels and grades?
5/5 (none at all), 4/5 (gives a little), 3/5
For complete ROM
3/5 is against gravity
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) 4
Inspect
Palpate
Strength
ROM
What muscles are we looking at for strength in TMJ?
2
of temporalis and masseter muscles
ROM exercises for TMJ?
4
Open and close mouth
Laterally move the lower jaw to each side
Protrude and retract chin
Dont do passive range of motion for TMJ
Cervical Spine inspection?
2
- Alignment with head and shoulders, posterior and anterior
2. Asymmetric skin folds
Cervical spine palpation?
2
- Note muscle tone
2. symmetry, tenderness, spasms
Thoracic and lumbar palpation?
- Paravertebral muscles
- Have patient slowly bend forward
- Palpate along the spinal processes of the vertebrae
- Again, observe curvature
