MS

Question 1

What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?

Answer 1

Rheumatic fever

Question 2

With rheumatic mitral stenosis what is the most common etiology?

Answer 2

Commissarial Fusion

Question 3

True or false- congenital mitral stenosis is common

Answer 3

False

Question 4

What kind of MV is seen with congenital mitral stenosis?

Answer 4

Parachute MV

Question 5

What is the acquired form of mitral stenosis called?

Answer 5

Mitral annular calcification (MAC)

Question 6

With Long-standing mitral stenosis obstruction leads to?

Answer 6

PHTN ( RVE & RAE)

Question 7

True or false-there is an increase in cardiac output with my mitral stenosis

Answer 7

False

Question 8

True or false- there is chordae shortening and scarring of the mitral valve with mitral stenosis?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Increased LA pressure causes?

Answer 9

LA dilation

Question 10

Acute rheumatic fever is caused by what?

Answer 10

Beta-hemolytic strep

Question 11

Acute rheumatic fever is caused by what?

Answer 11

Beta-hemolytic strep

Question 12

Acute rheumatic fever causes what five symptoms?

Answer 12

-poly arthritis
-fever
-carditis
-rash
-subcutaneous nodules

Question 13

What percentage of patients that acquire, acute rheumatic fever will develop mitral stenosis?

Answer 13

45%

Question 14

What murmur is associated with mitral stenosis?

Answer 14

Low frequency, diastolic rumble opening snap

Question 15

True or false - a fib is uncommon with mitral stenosis?

Answer 15

False

Question 16

My Justin patients often present with congestive heart failure symptoms. What are the five symptoms often seen with CHF?

Answer 16

-dyspena
-fatigue
-orthopena
-peripheral edema
-hemolysis (bloody sputum)

Question 17

What kind of mitral valve presentation do we see on Echo with MS?

Answer 17

Hockey stick appearance


Question 18

Which cardiac valve is the second most common to be affected by rheumatic heart disease?

Answer 18

Aortic valve

Question 19

In which view is the best to planimeter the valve area of the mitral valve?

Answer 19

PSAX MV level

Question 20

What will the m-mode of a stenotic mitral valve look like compared to what its normal appearance should be?

Answer 20

A normal M mode of a MV have a clear E/A

A stenotic M mode of a MV will have more of a box look and a decreased EF with multiple echoes

Question 21

True or false al- MA patients become very symptomatic without a fib?

Answer 21

False - they become symptomatic with a fib

Question 22

Mitral stenosis patients that have a fib might lose ____% of _____ filling since ——filling is dependent on____

Answer 22

50
Diastolic
Diastolic
atrial contraction

Question 23

What is the normal mitral valve area?

Answer 23

4-5cm

Question 24

What is a mild valve area?

Answer 24

> 1.5cm

Question 25

What is a moderate mitral valve area?

Answer 25

1-1.5 cm

Question 26

What is a severe mitral valve area?

Answer 26

<1 cm

Question 27

What is the mild mean PG for a mild Stenotic MV?

Answer 27

<5mmhg

Question 28

What is the mean PG for a moderate Stenotic MV?

Answer 28

5-10mmhg

Question 29

What is the mean PG for a severe Stenotic MV?

Answer 29

> 10mmhg

Question 30

What calculation can be used for mitral valve area for a stenotic valve??

Answer 30

220PHT
OR
750/DT

Question 31

With a fib, mitral stenosis, velocity calculations are best performed between an average of what beats?

Answer 31

Averaged over 10-15 beats

Question 32

What calculation do you use to convert decelTime to pressure halftime??

Answer 32

Decl time / 0.29

Question 33

What calculation do you use to convert detail time to my MVA?

Answer 33

750 / decl time