MS Flashcards
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?
Rheumatic fever
With rheumatic mitral stenosis what is the most common etiology?
Commissarial Fusion
True or false- congenital mitral stenosis is common
False
What kind of MV is seen with congenital mitral stenosis?
Parachute MV
What is the acquired form of mitral stenosis called?
Mitral annular calcification (MAC)
With Long-standing mitral stenosis obstruction leads to?
PHTN ( RVE & RAE)
True or false-there is an increase in cardiac output with my mitral stenosis
False
True or false- there is chordae shortening and scarring of the mitral valve with mitral stenosis?
True
Increased LA pressure causes?
LA dilation
Acute rheumatic fever is caused by what?
Beta-hemolytic strep
Acute rheumatic fever is caused by what?
Beta-hemolytic strep
Acute rheumatic fever causes what five symptoms?
-poly arthritis
-fever
-carditis
-rash
-subcutaneous nodules
What percentage of patients that acquire, acute rheumatic fever will develop mitral stenosis?
45%
What murmur is associated with mitral stenosis?
Low frequency, diastolic rumble opening snap
True or false - a fib is uncommon with mitral stenosis?
False
My Justin patients often present with congestive heart failure symptoms. What are the five symptoms often seen with CHF?
-dyspena
-fatigue
-orthopena
-peripheral edema
-hemolysis (bloody sputum)
What kind of mitral valve presentation do we see on Echo with MS?
Hockey stick appearance

Which cardiac valve is the second most common to be affected by rheumatic heart disease?
Aortic valve
In which view is the best to planimeter the valve area of the mitral valve?
PSAX MV level
What will the m-mode of a stenotic mitral valve look like compared to what its normal appearance should be?
A normal M mode of a MV have a clear E/A
A stenotic M mode of a MV will have more of a box look and a decreased EF with multiple echoes
True or false al- MA patients become very symptomatic without a fib?
False - they become symptomatic with a fib
Mitral stenosis patients that have a fib might lose ____% of _____ filling since ——filling is dependent on____
50
Diastolic
Diastolic
atrial contraction
What is the normal mitral valve area?
4-5cm
What is a mild valve area?
> 1.5cm
What is a moderate mitral valve area?
1-1.5 cm
What is a severe mitral valve area?
<1 cm
What is the mild mean PG for a mild Stenotic MV?
<5mmhg
What is the mean PG for a moderate Stenotic MV?
5-10mmhg
What is the mean PG for a severe Stenotic MV?
> 10mmhg
What calculation can be used for mitral valve area for a stenotic valve??
220PHT
OR
750/DT
With a fib, mitral stenosis, velocity calculations are best performed between an average of what beats?
Averaged over 10-15 beats
What calculation do you use to convert decelTime to pressure halftime??
Decl time / 0.29
What calculation do you use to convert detail time to my MVA?
750 / decl time
