MRII ENVI REVIEW QUESTION Flashcards
The process where more harmful substances are produced from less harmful ones.
a. Synergism
b. Eutrophication
c. Biomagnification
d. Thermal stratification
a. Synergism
Part of the atmosphere where most of photochemical reactions take place.
a. stratosphere
b. mesosphere
c. ionosphere
d. troposphere
b. mesosphere
Organisms that belong to the second trophic level.
a. omnivores
b. herbivores
c. carnivores
d. detritivores
b. Herbivores
It is defined as the role of the organisms in the community.
a. biotic factors
b. biomes
c. trophic level
d. niche
d. Niche
Process where decomposers return back the nitrogen to the soils through the remains and waste of plants and animals.
a. ammonification
b. nitrogen fixation
c. denitrification
d. ammonolysis
a. Ammonification
Involves the accumulation of trace metals through each species of the food chain.
a. biomagnification
b. thermal inversion
c. anaerobic respiration
d. eutrophication
a. Biomagnification
Process of converting nitrogen gas to ammonia is called.
a. ammonification
b. denitrification
c. nitrogen fixation
d. ammonolysis
c. Nitrogen fixation
These organisms feed on the waste of the ecosystem.
a. omnivores
b. herbivores
c. carnivores
d. detritivores
d. Detritivores
Biomes are distinguished or identified by its.
a. dominant plant life
b. climate
c. type of plants and animals
d. geographic location
a. Dominant plant life
Denitrification is carried out when bacteria break down nitrates and release nitrogen gas. What are these bacteria?
a. anaerobic bacteria
b. cyanobacteria
c. rhizobium
d. aerobic bacteria
a. anaerobic bacteria
Total uptake of chemicals by an organism from food items as well as via mass transport of dissolved chemicals.
a. bioaccumulation
b. biomagnification
c. bioconcentration
d. all of these
a. Bioaccumulation
The permissible color for domestic water supply in ppm is.
a. 5
b. 10
c. 15
d. 20
d. 20
The resistance of water to the passage of light through it is a measure of the.
a. color
b. turbidity
c. hardness
d. dissolved gases
b. Turbidity
The total solids in water are due to the presence of.
a. Suspended and dissolved solids
b. Suspended and floating solids
c. Colloidal and settleable solids
d. Colloidal and bacterial loads
a. Suspended and dissolved solids
Which of the following is NOT a physical characteristic of wastewater?
a. odor
b. turbidity
c. color
d. hardness
d. Hardness
Gas responsible for the rotten egg odor of wastewater.
a. ammonia
b. amines
c. mercaptans
d. hydrogen sulfide
d. Hydrogen sulfide
A trace metal which causes the Itai-itai disease is.
a. cadmium
b. silver
c. mercury
d. chromium
a. cadmium
It is a phenomenon that results in the overabundance of algae growth in bodies of water.
a. biomagnification
b. thermal inversion
c. anaerobic respiration
d. eutrophication
d. Eutrophication
The red brownish color of water is due to the presence of dissolved impurities of.
a. bicarbonate
b. sulphate
c. arsenic
d. iron and manganese
d. Iron and manganese
The alkalinity of wastewater is due to the presence of the following EXCEPT.
a. ammonia
b. dissolved CO₂
c. carbonate
d. bicarbonate
b. Dissolved CO₂
Hardness of water is usually expressed as parts per million of.
a. MgSO4
b. Na2CO3
c. CaCO3
d. CaCl₂
c. CaCO3
Which of the following may be used to measure the assimilative capacity of a stream?
a. BOD
b. COD
c. ThOD
d. TOC
a. BOD
Type of wastewater treatment that employs physical and chemical treatment methods to remove or reduce a high percentage of suspended solids and toxic materials.
a. Primary Treatment
b. Secondary Treatment
c. Tertiary Treatment
d. Minor Treatment
a. Primary Treatment
Process whereby coarse matter (suspended or floating) of a certain size can be strained out of flowing water.
a. screening
b. flotation
c. sedimentation
d. flocculation
a. Screening
Removal of all settleable particles rendered settleable under the influence of gravity.
a. screening
b. flotation
c. sedimentation
d. flocculation
c. Sedimentation
Which of the following is NOT used as adsorbent material?
a. activated charcoal
b. Fuller’s earth
c. silica gel
d. water
d. Water
Insufficient washing of sand grains in a rapid sand filter causes.
a. air-binding
b. mud balls
c. shrinkage of media
d. expansion of media
b. Mud balls
Which of the following is NOT used for the disinfection of water?
a. ozone
b. chlorine
c. ultra-violet rays
d. sulfuric acid
d. Sulfuric acid
Most aquatic organisms can survive in a pH range of about.
a. pH = 3 to 7
b. pH = 7 to 11
c. pH = 6 to 9
d. pH=5 to 8
c. pH = 6 to 9
Most commonly used coagulating agent.
a. aluminum sulfate
b. ferric sulfate
c. ferric chloride
d. sulfuric acid
a. Aluminum sulfate
Nitrates more than 50 ppm in water leads to a disease called.
a. Typhoid
b. Mathenoglobenemia
c. Gastroenteritis
d. Mottled tee
b. Methanoglobenemia
The process of killing infective bacteria in water is called.
a. coagulation
b. screening
c. sterilization
d. sedimentation
c. Sterilization
The amount of chlorine available in water after the disinfection is called.
a. Free chlorine
b. Residual chlorine
c. Free available chlorine
d. Combines available
b. Residual chlorine
What substance in water is removed by Lime Soda Process?
a. Odor and taste
b. permanent hardness
c. Iron and manganese
d. temporary hardness
d. temporary hardness
An electrochemical process used in the removal of colloidal matter in wastewater.
a. coagulation
b. neutralization
c. flocculation
d. precipitation
a. Coagulation
These are accumulated solids removed from separation equipment such as settling tanks and clarifiers.
a. flocs
b. suspended solids
c. total dissolved solids
d. sludge
d. Sludge
Water treatment that destroys disease-causing bacteria, parasites and other organisms.
a. disinfection
b. chlorination
c. flocculation
d. coagulation
b. chlorination
A neurological disease characterized by trembling and convulsions due to ingestion of mercury.
a. scurvy
b. minimata
c. itai-itai
d. argyria
b. Minamata
Type of wastewater treatment that employs biological methods to remove fine suspended, colloidal and dissolved organics.
a. Primary Treatment
b. Secondary Treatment
c. Tertiary Treatment
d. Minor Treatment
b. Secondary Treatment
A wastewater with a BOD/COD = 1 indicates that.
a. chemical treatment is required
b. biological treatment is most practical
c. the wastewater is highly polluted
d. does not indicate anything
b. Biological treatment is most practical
A continuous re-circulating aerobic biochemical process that keeps cells in suspended growth.
a. activated sludge process
b. trickling filters
c. stabilization ponds
d. aerated lagoon
a. Activated sludge process
When a sample of water is added to a medium of agar and incubated at 37°C for 20 hours, this test is called.
a. Total Count Test
b. Presumptive Test
c. Confirmative Test
d. Completed Test
a. Total Count Test
Aeration of water is done to remove.
a. suspended impurities
b. floating impurities
c. dissolved salts
d. dissolved gases
d. Dissolved gases
Legislation that presents the revised water usage and classification.
a. DENR Administrative Order No. 34
b. Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
c. Water Code of the Philippines
d. Republic Act 9003
a. DENR Administrative Order No. 34
Class of water intended for primary contact recreation such as bathing.
a. Class AA
b. Class A
c. Class B
d. Class C
c. Class B
What is the atmospheric condition when the lapse rate is >10°C/km?
a. adiabatic
b. subadiabatic
c. superadiabatic
d. none of these
c. Superadiabatic
A global treaty that aims to regulate emissions of greenhouse gases.
a. Stockholm Convention
b. Montreal Protocol
c. Kyoto Protocol
d. none of these
c. Kyoto Protocol
This provides the blueprint for action towards sustainable development.
a. Earth Summit
b. Agenda 21
c. Montreal Draft
d. POPs Convention
b. Agenda 21
Generic term used to describe the particulate matter carried in the effluent gases from furnaces burning fossil fuels.
a. PM10
b. TSP
c. fly ash
d. ESP
c. fly ash
These reddish brown oxides in concentrated form may produce an abnormal accumulation of fluids in the lungs.
a. COx
b. SOx
c. NOx
d. TSP
c. NOx
These are closed compartments that use gravitational force to extract dust and mist.
a. electrostatic precipitator
b. settling chamber
c. cyclone device
d. wet collectors
b. Settling chamber
A global treaty that aims to diminish and eventually phase out chlorofluorocarbons.
a. Stockholm Convention
b. Montreal Protocol
c. Kyoto Protocol
d. none of these
b. Montreal Protocol
It is a very unstable gas used for disinfection, capable of oxidizing 200 to 300 times more than chlorine.
a. hypochlorite
b. hydrogen peroxide
c. ozone
d. fluorine
c. Ozone
A phenomenon where a cold layer of air becomes trapped by a layer of warmer air above.
a. global warming
b. thermal inversion
c. greenhouse effect
d. anaerobic respiration
b. Thermal inversion
It is described as the cloud of air pollution trapped by thermal inversion.
a. CFC
b. smog
c. NOx
d. SO2
b. Smog
A global treaty that aims to protect human health and the environment from persistent organic pollutants.
a. Stockholm Convention
b. Montreal Protocol
c. Kyoto Protocol
d. none of these
a. Stockholm Convention
PAN is a powerful lachrymator or tear producer formed from unburned hydrocarbons, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides and oxygen. PAN stands for.
a. peroxyacetyl nitrate
b. peroxyallyl nitrate
c. peroxyamyl nitrate
d. peroxyalkyl nitrate
a. Peroxyacetyl nitrate
Component of CFC’s that causes destruction of 100,000 molecules of ozone.
a. carbon
b. chlorine
c. fluorine
d. hydrogen
b. Chlorine
It is used as bonding agents in building and furniture construction which may cause drowsiness.
a. formaldehyde
b. radon
c. PAN
d. CO
a. Formaldehyde
The liquid produced when water percolates through any permeable material.
a. sludge
b. leachate
c. PVC
d. HDPE
b. Leachate
Recyclable material labeled as no. 3.
a. PET
b. PS
c. bottom ash
d. all of these
c. bottom ash
It is defined as the controlled decomposition of organic materials.
a. composting
b. putrefaction
c. incineration
d. recycling
a. Composting
Type of recycling that involves recovery of chemicals or energy from post-consumer waste materials.
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Tertiary
d. Quaternary
c. Tertiary
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 is otherwise known as.
a. RA 6969
b. RA 8749
c. RA 9003
d. RA 9275
c. RA 9003
Which of the following is NOT classified as heavy industry in the list of environmentally critical projects?
a. iron and steel industry
b. non-ferrous metal industry
c. smelting plants
d. forestry projects
d. Forestry projects
Calculate the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) of 150 ppm glucose.
a. 104 ppm
b. 116 ppm
c. 137 ppm
d. 160 ppm
b. 116 ppm
If the three-day BOD (BOD3) of a raw sewage is 55 ppm (k=0.55/day), what is the ultimate BOD?
a. 68 ppm
b. 96 ppm
c. 107 ppm
d. 123 ppm
a. 68 ppm
Determine the theoretical oxygen demand of 100 ppm of glutamic acid.
C5H9O4N + 4.5O2 -> 5CO2 + 3H2O + NH3
NH3 + 2O2 -> (NO3-) + (H+) + H2O
a. 44 ppm
b. 98 ppm
c. 130 ppm
d. 141 ppm
d. 141 ppm
The pH of a water sample was found to be 7.5. The bicarbonate was measured to be 2.1 x 10^-3 M. Assuming that the sample was isolated from the atmosphere, calculate the total carbonate is pKa1 and pKa2 are equal to 6.3 and 10.33, respectively.
a. 2.2 x 10^-3 M
b. 2.4 x 10^-3 M
c. 2.6 x 10^-3 M
d. 2.8 x 10^-3 M
b. 2.4 x 10^-3 M
A water sample was analyzed to contain 150mg/LCO3^2 and 100mg/LHCO3 at a pH of 8.00. Approximate its total alkalinity in terms of mg/L*CaCO3.
a. 166 ppm
b. 332 ppm
c. 489 ppm
d. 664 ppm
b. 332 ppm
