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AB Power Engineering > MRII CHAPTER 1 > Flashcards

MRII CHAPTER 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to farm power and machinery for the production, harvesting,
processing, storage, manufacture, preserving, transporting and
distribution of agricultural and biological products/materials as well as
post harvest machines

A

Agricultural and Biosystems Power and
Machinery

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2
Q

– Improving the Agriculture and Fisheries
Sector through Mechanization.

A

Agriculture and Fisheries Mechanization Law

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3
Q

Republic Act 10601 (June 5, 2013)

A

Agriculture and Fisheries Mechanization Law

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4
Q

It covers research, development,
and extension, promotion, distribution, supply, assembling,
manufacturing, regulation, use, operation, and maintenance of
project implementation of agricultural and fisheries machinery and
equipment.

A

Agriculture and Fisheries Mechanization Law

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5
Q

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Law

A

Republic Act
10915 (July 21, 2016)

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6
Q

An act strengthening, modernizing and
aligning the practice of agricultural engineering in the country into
the internationally recognized practice of agricultural and biosystems
engineering, and for other purposes.

A

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Law – Republic Act
10915 (July 21, 2016)

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7
Q

consists of a mass of molecules that produces power
either heat, mechanical, electrical, chemical, or combinations of any
of them.

A

Energy

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8
Q

Simply, it is the capacity of a physical system to perform
work.

A

Energy

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9
Q

IT Is the rate at which energy is used or work is performed.

A

Power

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10
Q

it is calculated by dividing energy with time.

A

Power

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11
Q

IT Is the form of mechanical energy that
has something to do with the mass in motion.

A

Kinetic Energy

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12
Q

is the form of energy associated with
the position of the force field

A

Potential Energy

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13
Q

DIFFERENT FORMS OF ENERGY

A

KINETIC, POTENTIAL, THERMAL, CHEMICAL, ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, NUCLEAR, SOUND

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14
Q

is the energy associated with random
molecular motions within any medium and is usually related to
the increase or decrease in the temperature of a substance.

A

Heat (Thermal) Energy

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15
Q

– is the energy stored in certain chemicals
or materials that can be released by chemical reaction.

A

Chemical Energy

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16
Q

– is closely related to electrical energy.
When magnetic field is created, a force to propel devices, like
motors, solenoid valve, door bell, create a work

A

Magnetic Energy

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17
Q

is the form of energy generated by friction or
by chemical change, having magnetic chemical and radiant
effect.

A

Electrical Energy

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18
Q

is a part of the energy of an atomic nucleus,
which can be released by fusion or fission or radioactive
decay.

A

Nuclear Energy

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19
Q

– is the form of energy associated with the
vibration or disturbance of matter.

A

Sound Energy

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20
Q

Energy can be changed from one form to another, but
it cannot be created nor destroyed.

A

First Law of Thermodynamics

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21
Q

The total amount of energy and matter in the universe remains constant, merely changing from one form to another.

A

First Law of Thermodynamics

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22
Q

“energy is always conserved, it is
neither created nor destroyed.”

A

First Law of Thermodynamics

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23
Q

The First Law of Thermodynamics

A

Law of
Conservation

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24
Q

“in all
energy exchanges, if no energy enters or leaves the system,
the potential energy of the state will always be less than that
of the initial state.”

A

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

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25
Q

This is also commonly referred to as entropy. In the process
of energy transfer, some energy dissipate as heat.

A

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

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26
Q

These are the commonly and widely used sources of
energy,

A

Conventional Energy Sources

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27
Q

Conventional Energy Sources

A

fossil fuel, hydroelectricity, thermal power (from
coal, mineral oil, natural gas), nuclear,

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28
Q

Non-Conventional Energy Sources

A

solar, tidal, wind,
biogas, and ocean thermal

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29
Q

These are the new sources of energy

A

Non-Conventional Energy Sources

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30
Q

They are also known as renewable energy sources.

A

Non-Conventional Energy Sources

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31
Q
  • is energy that comes from
    natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat
A

Renewable energy

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32
Q

ENERGY THAT are
naturally replenished at a constant rate.

A

Renewable energy

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33
Q
  • is a natural resource which
    cannot be reproduced, grown, generated, or used on a scale
    which can sustain its consumption rate.
A

Non-renewable resource -

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34
Q

SOURCES OF ENERGY

A

Fuel Oil, Coal, Solar, Biomass, Wind, Hydro, Geothermal, Wave and Tidal, Ocean Thermal

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35
Q

Fuel Oil

A

Gasoline, Diesel, Kerosene, etc.

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36
Q

Solar

A

Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic

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37
Q

Biomass

A

Direct Combustion, Gasification, Pyrolysis, and
Biofuel

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38
Q

Wind

A

Windmill, Windpump, Wind Turbine

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39
Q

Generates power for farmstead such as lighting, driving
motor, heating, etc.

A

Generator (Mechanical to Electrical)

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40
Q

Provides power for various stationary farmstead
equipment

A

Motor (Electrical to Mechanical)

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41
Q

Provides power for both stationary and mobile
agricultural machines and equipment

A

Engine (Heat to Mechanical)

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42
Q

Supplies energy to propel high-speed equipment
used to drive small generators and milling machines

A

Turbine (Kinetic to Mechanical)

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43
Q

Provides steam for power generation and for
various food processing operation

A

Boiler (Heat to kinetic energy)

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44
Q

Supplies energy for drying, space heating, and others

A

Solar Collector (Solar radiation to heat energy )

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45
Q

Provides power for lighting, water pumping,

A

Solar Cell (Light to Electricity)

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46
Q

Runs small fan, cooling, etc.

A

Peltier Chip (Heat to
Electricity)

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47
Q

Burns fuel to produce heat for drying grains, kiln firing, tobacco curing, and others

A

Furnaces (Biomass to Heat)

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48
Q

Produces heat for various applications and for
powering gasoline or diesel engines.

A

Gasifier (Solid biomass to combustible gas)

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49
Q

Produces heat for cooking and for fueling
internal combustion engines.

A

Biogas Digester (Animal manure to combustible
gas)

50
Q

the rate at which work is done. The rate at which an engine
can do work, usually at 550ft-lb/sec or 76.2 kg-m/sec.

A

Horsepower

51
Q

the power developed in the cylinder of the engine by
the burning of fuel.

A

Indicated Horsepower

52
Q

This can be computed as
PLANn/c

A

Indicated Horsepower

53
Q

– the power available at the crankshaft of the engine
which is usually measured using a dynamometer.

A

Brake Horsepower

54
Q

the power of the engine measured at the end of
suitable belt receiving drive from the power take off (PTO) shaft of the
tractor

A

Belt Horsepower

55
Q

the power delivered by a tractor through the PTO shaft.

A

PTO Power

56
Q

This is computed as,
2 𝝿 FRN/60 = 2 𝝿TN/60

A

PTO Power

57
Q

the power of a tractor measured at the
end of the drawbar.

A

Drawbar Horse Power

58
Q

It is the power which is available to pull loads
at a given speed.

A

Drawbar Horse Power

59
Q

This can be computed as FS/3.6

A

Drawbar Horse Power

60
Q

The power required to activate a hydraulic
cylinder at a given pressure gage and flow of fluid.

A

Hydraulic Power

61
Q

This can be computed as pQ/1000

A

Hydraulic Power

62
Q

– is the power supplied by an electrical system
required to drive a specific electrical equipment, like motor.

A

Electrical Power

63
Q

It can be computed as IE

A

Electrical Power

64
Q

It is the metric unit of energy.

A

Joule

65
Q

It is equal to force times the distance. One metric unit
of force acting through one metric unit of distance.

A

Joule

66
Q

1 J

A

= 1 N-m
= 0.737 ft-lb

67
Q

It is the amount of heat energy required to raise the
temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit.

A

British Thermal Unit

68
Q

1 BTU

A

= 1.055 kJ
= 778.17 ft-lb

69
Q

It is the amount of energy required to raise the
temperature of one gram of water by one
degree Celsius.

A

Calorie

70
Q

1 Cal

A

= 4.1868 J

71
Q

It is a force in pound acting on a distance of one foot.

A

Foot-Pound

72
Q

Foot-Pound

A

= (1/775) BTU
= 1.355 N-m

73
Q

It is the rate of using energy.

A

Power

74
Q

It is usually expressed either in horsepower, watts,
pferde starke, etc.

A

Power

75
Q

1 hp

A

= 745.7 W
= 76.2 kg-m/sec
= 2544.4 BTU/hr

76
Q

SOURCES OF POWER

A

Human Power, Animal Power, Mechanical Power, Electrical Power, Renewable Energy Technologies

77
Q

main source of power for operating small tools
and implements

A

Human Power

78
Q

The average man power develops nearly…..

A

0.1 hp

79
Q

most important power on the farm and is
estimated nearly 80 percent of the total draft power used in
agriculture.

A

Animal Power

80
Q

Medium size bullock can develop between …

A

0.5 to 0.75 hp.

81
Q

available through stationary engines and
tractors.

A

Mechanical Power

82
Q

The efficiency of diesel varies between

A

32 to 38%

83
Q

The efficiency of petrol fuel varies between

A

25 to 32%

84
Q

Medium speed oil engines that are successfully
used in the farms is at the range oF

A

14 to 20hp.

85
Q

commonly used in stationary equipment such as
those in post-harvest and agricultural & food and processing
plant.

A

Electrical Power –

86
Q

uses renewable energy,
such as biomass, geothermal, solar, hydro, ocean, and wind, as
source of power.

A

Renewable Energy Technologies

87
Q

The act regulating the practice of
agricultural (agricultural and
biosystems) engineering in the
Philippines.

A

Republic Act No. 8559 (RA 10915)

88
Q

The process of raising the temperature
of food and water mixture to 100°C and
then allowing it to
simmer until the exothermic reaction in
the food is completed.

A

Steaming

89
Q

Moving air is an example of _________

A

KINETIC ENERGY

90
Q

A form of energy associated with
the position of the force field.

A

Potential energy

91
Q

The law that states, “There is loss
in the system as the energy is
transformed in the system”.

A

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

92
Q

The law that states, “Energy can
be created and destroyed”.

A

1st law of Thermodynamics

93
Q

One hundred BTU is equal to

A

105.5 kJ
0.105 MJ
77817 ft-lb

94
Q

An energy source that is commonly
used, like crude oil and geothermal.

A

Conventional energy

95
Q

A mass of molecules that produces power
either heat, mechanical, electrical,
chemical or any of their combination.

A

a. Wood
b. Gasoline
c. Diesel
d. LPG

96
Q

An example of non-conventional power source.

A

a. Photovoltaic cell
b. Wind turbine
c. Micro-hydro

97
Q

Which of the following is a non-renewable fuel

a. Crude oil
b. Natural gas
c. Coal
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

A

e. None of the above

98
Q

Which of the following is higher?
a. 1 Joule
b. 1 N-m
c. 0.737 ft-lb
d. None of the above

A

d. None of the above

99
Q

Which of the following fuel contains
methane and carbon dioxide gases?
a. Producer gas
b. Synthetic gas
c. Natural gas
d. None of the above

A

c. Natural gas

100
Q

Which of the following comes from
crude oil?
a. Gasoline
b. Kerosene
c. Diesel
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

101
Q

A device used to convert mechanical
power to electrical power.

A

Generator

102
Q

A device used to convert electrical
power to mechanical power.

A

Motor

103
Q

The kilo calories of heat used per
unit time.

A

Power

104
Q

A device that converts the potential
energy of water into mechanical power
that drives a generator.

A

turbine

105
Q

A solenoid valve operates
based on .

A

. magnetic energy

106
Q

A device used to convert light to
electricity.

A

Photovoltaic cell

107
Q

A device used to convert heat to
electricity.

A

. Thermoelectric chip

108
Q

A device that converts heat
into steam providing kinetic
energy to produce mechanical
power.

A

steamer

109
Q

A device that converts heat
into electricity

A

Peltier chip

110
Q

Raising the temperature of
water by heating it from 28° to
100°C is an example of .

A

sensible heat

111
Q

Mechanical to Electrical

A

Generator

112
Q

Electrical to Mechanical

A

Motor

113
Q

Heat to Mechanical

A

Engine

114
Q

Kinetic to Mechanical

A

Turbine

115
Q

Heat to kinetic energy

A

Boiler

116
Q

Solar radiation to heat energy

A

Solar collector

117
Q

Light to Electricity

A

Solar cell

118
Q

Peltier Chip

A

Heat to
Electricity

119
Q

(Biomass to Heat)

A

Furnaces

120
Q

(Solid biomass to combustible gas)

A

Gasifier

121
Q

(Animal manure to combustible
gas)

A

Biogas Digester

AB Power Engineering (1 decks)

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