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1
Q

Risk of death from acute infection in hepatitis B

A

1%

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2
Q

Risk of death from chronic infection in hepatitis B

A

25% from cirrhosis and liver cancer

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3
Q

How many of chronic carriers in hepatitis B get cirrhosis and liver cancer

A

10-30%

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4
Q

How effective is hepatitis B vaccine in eliminating infection

A

90%

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5
Q

How many percentage of acute infection are asymptomatic /mild with no jaundice

A

60-70%

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6
Q

Risk of becoming chronic carrier in hepatitis B

A

Infants 90%,Children <5 - 30% and adults 2-6%

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7
Q

Vertical transmission of hepatitis B in first trimester

A

10%

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8
Q

Risk of vertical transmission of Hepatitis B in third trimester

A

Upto 90%

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9
Q

UK prevalence of Hepatitis B in pregnancy

A

0.1-1%

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10
Q

What’s chronic carrier status in hepatitis B

A

HBsAg more than 6 months

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11
Q

Nuvaring composition

A

EE 15 mcg daily +etonorgestrel 120 mcg daily

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12
Q

Pre-eclampsia risk of recurrence

A

15% (1 pregnancy affected), 30%(2 previous pregnancies affected)

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13
Q

Delivery due to pre-eclampsia between 20-28 weeks recurrence risk

A

40%

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14
Q

Recurrence risk pre-eclampsia if between 29-32 weeks

A

30%

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15
Q

Pre-eclampsia Recurrence risk if delivery between 33-36 week

A

20%

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16
Q

Risk of recurrence of pre-eclampsia if delivery was 37+

A

10%

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17
Q

If very preterm delivery due to pre-eclampsia 27 weeks then recurrence rate

A

50-55%

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18
Q

Recurrence rate of pre-eclampsia if delivery was < 34 wks

A

25%

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19
Q

Recurrence rate of pre-eclampsia if delivery was < 28 weeks

A

50%

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20
Q

Sensitivity of USG for NTD

A

100%

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21
Q

USG can detect this percent of cardiac defects

A

50-60%

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22
Q

USG can detect this percent of trisomies markers

A

30-40%

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23
Q

How many percentage of NTD are detected by serum alphafetoprotein

A

85% as compared to almost 100% of USG

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24
Q

CS rate in IDDM

A

30-50%

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25
Q

No. 1 killer in IDDM

A

Fetal abnormalities

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26
Q

Does risk of iugr correlate with HbA1C level

A

No

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27
Q

How effective is anti D?

A

99%

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28
Q

For dating which parameters are used?

A

CRL at 9 weeks (for early dating) and cerebellar diameter at 22 week

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29
Q

How effective is aspirin in reducing fetal and maternal morbidity?

A

15% reduction in pre-eclampsia risk and 15% reduction in fetal death

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30
Q

How well does AC predict SGA?

A

AC <10th percentile predicts 85% of SGA

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31
Q

HELLP more common in multiparty than primipara?

A

True

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32
Q

Incidence of HELLP in antepartum period

A

70%

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33
Q

Incidence of HELLP in postpartum period

A

30%

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34
Q

What is overall recurrence risk of HELLP

A

20-25%

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35
Q

What is risk of developing pre-eclampsia with HELLP syndrome?

A

55%

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36
Q

What is the risk of recurrent placental abruption after 1 abruption?

A

5-16%

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37
Q

What is the risk of recurrent placental abruption after 2 previous abruption?

A

25%

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38
Q

Risk of recurrence after inversion in subsequent pregnancy?

A

Upto 50%

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39
Q

What is the rate of infection complicating LSCS wound?

A

5%

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40
Q

Which is most common tumor of newborn?

A

Sacral coccygeal teratoma

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41
Q

What is good sign for prognosis of sacral coccygeal teratoma?

A

If diagnosed after 30 weeks

42
Q

What percentage of pediatric AIDS is secondary to vertical transmission?

43
Q

What percentage of hypertension in pregnancy is attributed to chronic hypertension?

44
Q

What is incidence of HELLP in pre-eclampsia?

45
Q

What is maternal mortality in HELLP?

46
Q

What is the range of AST, ALT in HELLP?

47
Q

What is the range of AST, ALT in hemorrhage or infection?

48
Q

What are advantages of routine induction at 41 weeks?

A

Reduction in LSCS rate, perinatal mortality rate, meconium stained liquor

49
Q

What remain unaltered with routine reduction at 41 weeks?

A

Instrumental delivery, MAS, neonatal seizure

50
Q

What is advantage of amnioinfusion?

A

Improves Apgar score. With no improvement in mortality.

51
Q

Does amnioinfusion increase risk in increase in maternal infection?

52
Q

Effect of pregnancy on GFR?

A

Increased by upto 60% in first trimester. Predisposing to uti and glycosuria

53
Q

Incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria more than 105 cfu/ml in pregnancy?

54
Q

What percentage of women with asymptomatic bacteriuria will get acute cystitis /pyelonephritis if not treated?

55
Q

Precocious puberty in females?

A

Before 8 years

56
Q

Precocious puberty in male?

A

Before 9 years

57
Q

MOA of precocious puberty in McCune Albright disease?

A

Gonadotropin independent. Low FSH /LH

58
Q

Sign of impending pulmonary edema?

A

Failing o2 saturation

59
Q

At what CVP level pulmonary edema occurs?

60
Q

What is risk of epilepsy if one of parent is epileptic?

61
Q

What is the risk of epilepsy if sibling has epilepsy?

62
Q

What is the risk of epilepsy if both parents are epileptic?

63
Q

What is the risk of tonic clonic convulsion in peripartum period?

64
Q

Drugs causing acute pancreatitis?

A

Tetracycline, thiazide

65
Q

Define perinatal mortality rate

A

Stillborn babies (>24 completed weeks) +early perinatal death (within first week) /1000 total births

66
Q

Incidence of lupus anticoagulant in general Obstetric population?

67
Q

Incidence of lupus anticoagulant in unexplained recurrent miscarriage?

68
Q

Significant lupus antibodies tire can lead to what percentage of fetal loss?

69
Q

What are tests of lupus anticoagulant?

A

In vitro - increased clotting time, in vivo- thrombotic tendency

70
Q

IUFD rate in listeriosis?

71
Q

Drug of choice in listeriosis?

A

Ampicillin for 21 days

72
Q

Incubation period of listeriosis?

73
Q

What percentage of GDM patients will develop IDDM?

A

Within 5 years

74
Q

Recurrence rate of shoulder dystocia?

75
Q

What is resistance index RI?

A

Peak systolic velocity - end diastolic velocity /peak systolic velocity (PSV-EDV/PSV)

76
Q

What is normal RI?

77
Q

What is S/D ratio?

78
Q

What is color doppler color scheme?

A

Red to denote movement towards transducer and blue away from it.

79
Q

How many of twin pregnancies are monochorionic?

80
Q

What is the incidence of monochorionic monoamniotic pregnancy?

81
Q

What is the incidence of TTTS?

A

10-15% of monochorionic pregnancies. More common in MCDA

82
Q

What is reversal rate of TTTS?

83
Q

What is detection rate of SGA if single scan is done at 32 weeks?

84
Q

Down syndrome mechanism in 96% cases?

A

Non dysjunction( 85% maternal, 15% paternal)

85
Q

Down syndrome due to translocations?

86
Q

What percentage of miscarriage have chromosomal abnormalities?

87
Q

Incidence of DS?

A

1 in 700 live births

88
Q

What percentage of DS have cardiac defects?

89
Q

Which are most common cardiac defects in DS?

A

AVSD, VSD, TOF

90
Q

What is the risk of DS if AVSD is detected on USG?

A

15%-offer invasive test

91
Q

What is incidence of epilepsy in DS?

92
Q

What is the risk of hypothyroidism in DS?

93
Q

What is incidence of significant size discordance in monochorionic twins in absence of TTTS?

94
Q

What is incidence of Edward’s syndrome?

A

1 in 3000 live births

95
Q

What percentage of Edward’s syndrome miscarry spontaneously?

96
Q

What percentage of Edward’s syndrome have USG findings?

97
Q

What is incidence of cardiac defects in Edward’s syndrome?

A

80%- most common - VSD

98
Q

Features of Edward’s syndrome?

A

Strawberry skull, exomphalos(20%),polyhydramionos

99
Q

What is the recurrence risk of Edward’s syndrome?

100
Q

What is incidence of Patau syndrome?

A

1 in 5000 live births

101
Q

What is the recurrence risk of Patau syndrome?

102
Q

Features of Patau syndrome?

A

Holoprosencephaly, corpus callosum agenesis, Dandy walker syndrome, cardiac defects - AVSD, VSD, hypoplastic left heart, cleft lip and palate

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