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Mr. V Geography > Mr. V History - P2 > Flashcards

Mr. V History - P2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is power?

A

Power is the ability to take control over someone or something.

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2
Q

What is authority?

A

Authority is power with the right to control power.

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3
Q

Who is Christopher Columbus?

A

Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer who was also a citizen of the republic of Genoa. He completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean.

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4
Q

Who is John Cabot?

A

John Cabot was an English sailor who was searching for the Northwest Passage.

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5
Q

What is the Stamp Act? When did it take place?

A

In 1765, the British decree taxing all legal papers issued in the colonies.

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6
Q

Who is King George the Third?

A

King George the Third created the Proclamation Line (Application Mountains) that limited colonial expansion in North America. He enforced various tax laws on the colonists who thought it was unfair without representation in Parliament. This tension began the American Revolution.

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7
Q

What are the Articles of Confederation

A

The plan that was ratified by the states in 1771 that established a national congress with limited powers. Because this plan couldn’t tax and raise money, it was replaced by the Constitution

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8
Q

What is the Legislative Branch?

A

The Legislative Branch is the portion of the United States government that creates laws and passing laws. Making laws can be called legislating. Congress is made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

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9
Q

What is a parliament?

A

A parliament is the assembly of representatives who create laws in England.

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10
Q

What is a boycott?

A

The refusal to purchase something.

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11
Q

What is the American Revolution? When did it take place?

A

The American Revolution occurred from 1775 to 1783. It was an eight year war between the thirteen colonies and England. George Washington was the leader of the Continental Army. 25,000 Americans and 10,000 British people lost their lives during the war.

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12
Q

Acquit

A

To declare innocent of a crime of wrong doing.

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13
Q

Boston Tea Party

A

The 1773 protest against British trade policies in which Patriots boarded vessels of the East India Company and threw the tea cargo into Boston Harbor.

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14
Q

Executive Branch

A

concerning the branch of government (President and Vice President) that enforces laws.

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15
Q

Judicial Branch

A

concerning the branch of government (Supreme Court/Federal Courts) that interprets laws and punishes lawbreakers.

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16
Q

Boston Massacre

A

the clash in 1770 between British troops and a group of Bostonians in which five colonists were killed.

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17
Q

Amendment One

A

Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition

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18
Q

Amendment Two

A

Right to bear arms

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19
Q

Amendment Three

A

Quartering of soldier

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20
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

the document adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, establishing the United States as a nation independent of great Britain.

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21
Q

Treaty of Paris (1783)

A

the treaty ending the revolutionary war.

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22
Q

issue

A

not an event - is ongoing- has long term effects- is something we can do something about - has two or more sides
If a policy can solve it- It’s not an issue.

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23
Q

Uprising

A

an act of instance of rising up; rebellion.

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24
Q

Roanoke

A

site of the first English colony in the America’s started in 1585.

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25
Q

Amendment Four

A

prohibits search and seizure

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26
Q

Colony

A

a settlement ruled by a distant parent country

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27
Q

Constitution

A 
Our current framework of government
Executive Branch (president) - Legislative Branch (Congress) - Judicial Branch (Supreme Court) established in 1787
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28
Q

Bill of Rights

A

the first ten amendments to the Constitution, guaranteeing the basic rights of American citizens

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29
Q

Amendment

A

A change or a addition to a legal document.

This is why the constitution is called “Living Document”. Constitution has 27 amendments

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30
Q

Separation of powers

A

Keeps any one branch from becoming too powerful.

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31
Q

Checks and balances

A

limits the power of the three branches by having each branch watch the others.

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32
Q

Vetoes

A

A constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal by a law-making body.

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33
Q

Due process

A

Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizens entitlement.

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34
Q

Cabinet

A

A formal group of advisers.

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35
Q

Amendment 6:

A

Right to a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury

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36
Q

Amendment 7

A

Right to trial by a jury in civil cases.

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37
Q

Amendment 8

A

Prohibits imposing cruel, unusual punishments and fines, prohibits granting excessive bails.

38
Q

Amendment 9

A

Assures the recognition of those rights that people may have but are not listed here.

39
Q

Amendment 10

A

Provides that the powers that are not given to the United States nor prohibited by the constitution are reserved to the states respectively or to the people.

40
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

The meeting of state delegates in Philadelphia in 1787 that resulted in the writing of the Constitution.

41
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a single legislative house with equal representation for each state.

42
Q

Virginia Plan

A

A plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a legislature of two houses with proportional representation in each house and executive and judicial branches to be chosen by the legislature.

43
Q

Federalist

A

A person who favored the plan of government created by the Constitution.

44
Q

Anti-Federalist

A

A person who opposed ratification of the Constitution.

45
Q

Frontier Line

A

The land between civilization and wilderness.

46
Q

Northwest Territory

A

The land north of the Ohio River & was created into 5 states.

47
Q

Surveyed

A

To measure land to determine the exact boundaries of a given area. Used for townships

48
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

The 1787 law that set forth a plan of government for the townships 36 sq miles at one dollar an acre in the Northwest Territory. Created by Thomas Jefferson. The law banned slavery, gave freedom of religion and trial by jury. 60,000 citizens in territory to apply for statehood.

49
Q

Republicanism

A

For the country to thrive its citizens need certain virtues. These include a sense of equality, simplicity, and to sacrifice for the public good.

50
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

The United States’ purchase from France (Napoleon) in 1803 of land west of the Mississippi. Jefferson purchased all 800,000 square miles for $15 million.

51
Q

Lewis and Clark expeditions

A

The expeditions from 1804-1806 that explored the Louisiana Territory.

52
Q

Pioneer

A

They lived in permanent homes on farms and brought civilization to the frontier. Last to enter frontier region.

53
Q

Rendezvous

A

A meeting or get together agreed on in advance with mountain men in the early 1800’s to support the fur trade.

54
Q

Assimilate

A

To adopt the dominate culture. (i.e. dress, language & heritage.)

55
Q

South Pass

A

A low lying area through the Rocky Mountains in that is now Wyoming. Many trails west used this pass to get through the Rocky Mtns. (i.e. Mormon and Oregon Trail)

56
Q

Oregon Trail

A

The most famous route to the Pacific Northwest from Independence, Missouri to the Columbia River.

57
Q

Oregon Country

A

The vast region of the Northwest surrounding the Columbia, Snake, and Fraser Rivers claimed by the British.

58
Q

Emigrant

A

A person who leaves one place for another.

59
Q

Mormonism

A

A religion founded by Joseph Smith in 1820. After Smith’s death, followers followed Brigham Young to the Rocky Mountains as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). The term Mormon comes from the Book of Mormon.

60
Q

Adams-Onis Treaty

A

Signed in 1819, Spain sold Florida to the United States for $5 million.

61
Q

Missouri River

A

To start the expedition it was the river which Lewis and Clark and other men traveled up in flat bottomed river boats called pirogues.

62
Q

Tributary

A

A river that flows into a larger river.

63
Q

Zebulon Pike

A

An army officer who lead an expedition in 1805 to the Southern half of the Louisiana Purchase. This nomadic tribe gave horses to the expedition that was invaluable to the success of the journey to the Pacific Ocean.

64
Q

Mormon Trail

A

A wagon train led by Brigham Young in 1847 to present day Utah to avoid religious persecution. Known as the “Great Migration”.

65
Q

Santa Fe Trail

A

An international trade route between the U.S.A. and Mexico. Pioneered by William Becknell, it connected with Santa Fe Mexico. Americans who used this trail went to Mexico for cheap land and caused tensions that led to Texas independence

66
Q

Cede

A

To give up.

67
Q

The Battle of Goliad

A

More than 300 of Fannin’s men were gunned down after the Alamo by Santa Anna.

68
Q

Tejano

A

A Mexican living in Texas in the 1800‘s.

69
Q

Battle of the Alamo

A

1836 an attack with a mission (a church) in San Antonio by Mexican forces during the Texas revolution. Started over a cannon.

70
Q

Battle of San Jacinto

A

1836 battle in which Texan force under Santa Anna were defeated by, Sam Houston and lost independence to Texas.

71
Q

Annex

A

Add to existing country or area.

72
Q

Oregon Treaty

A

Polk used the slogan “Fifty-four Forty or Fight” to seal this agreement making the 49th parallel dividing British North America and the United States in 1846.

73
Q

James K. Polk -

A

Our 11th president. He told Congress,” Mexico has invaded our territory and shed American blood upon American soil.”

74
Q

Mexican Cession

A

The land that Mexico Ceded to the US in 1848 under the terms of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

75
Q

Gadsen Purchase

A

The deal from Mexico that got New Mexico and Arizona for $10 million.

76
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A

The treaty that ended the Mexican/American war and made the Rio Grande boundary to Texas.

77
Q

Chapultepec

A

A Mexican military academy in Mexico City that was defended by young Mexicans in the Mexican-American war. Captured by US forces 1847. Last battle in the Mexican American War.

78
Q

Mexican War

A

The 1846- 1848 war. Known as Polk’s War. It completed Manifest Destiny.

79
Q

California gold rush -

A

a mass migration to California following the discovery of gold in 1849

80
Q

Forty niner -

A

a person who took part in the California gold rush

81
Q

boomtown-

A

a town that grows rapidly in population as a result of sudden prosperity - i.e. San Fransisco

82
Q

Economy

A

The way people use resources to make a living

83
Q

Middle Passage

A

The journey of slave ships across the Atlantic

84
Q

Slave codes

A

The laws controlling the treatment of slaves

85
Q

Apprentice

A

A person learning a skill or trade from a master worker

86
Q

Triangular trade

A

A trade route connecting three different places such as the route connecting the English colonies, England and Africa

87
Q

Navigation Acts

A

Laws begun in 1651 by England to tax and regulate trade in the colonies

88
Q

Smuggling

A

Illegal trade

89
Q

Salem Witchcraft Trials

A

Trials in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1692, that led to the death of twenty people after young girls charged people with practicing witchcraft.

90
Q

Great Awakening

A

The religious movement in the colonies around 1740 that emphasized personal religious experience

91
Q

Conestoga Wagon

A

A horse-pulled covered wagon with wide wheels, a curved wagon bed, and an arched canvas top.

92
Q

Mill

A

A machine that processes materials such as grain.

Mr. V Geography (2 decks)

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