MR History

Question 1

____________ discovered that tumors and normal tissue can be distinguished by NMR because of their relaxation times.

Answer 1

Damadian

Question 2

_______________ discovered that a charged particle, such as a proton, spinning around its own axis, has a magnetic field, known as magnetic momentum

Answer 2

Felix Bloch

Question 3

In the 1930’s- _______________ detected and measured single states of rotation of atoms and molecules, determining the magnetic moments of the nuclei

Answer 3

Isidor Isaac Rabi

Question 4

In _____, Damadian and his team constructed the first super conducting NMR scanner and produced the first image of the human thorax, which took almost 5 hours to scan

Answer 4

1977

Question 5

: In 1975, ___________ introduced 2D NMR using phase and frequency encoding, and the Fourier Transform

Answer 5

Richard Ernst

Question 6

: In the year ______, Schering’s _________ IV Gadolinium contrast gets the first approval by the FDA

Answer 6

1988; Magnevist

Question 7

Functional MRI (fMRI) was developed in:

Answer 7

1991

Question 8

: ____________ and _____________ won the 2003 Nobel Prize in medicine for their work in the 1970’s developing MR imaging techniques and capabilities

Answer 8

Lauterbur; Mansfield

Question 9

________ conceived the idea of echo planar imaging, which can rapidly scan the whole brain. He and his colleagues publish the first successful MRI of a living human body part - a finger

Answer 9

Peter Mansfield

Question 10

: _________ coined the word “electricity” and was the first to realize that the Earth was a giant magnet.

Answer 10

William Gilbert

Question 11

: ____________ developed the mathematical equation to analyze the heat transfer between solid bodies, later becoming the basis for the rapid processing of phase and frequency signals in MRI.

Answer 11

Joseph Fourier

Question 12

_______________ discovered that a current flowing through a wire could produce a magnetic field.

Answer 12

Hans Christian Oersted

Question 13

_________________ discovered that when a magnet was moved inside a coil of copper wire, a tiny electric current flows through the wire.

Answer 13

Michael Faraday

Question 14

________________ developed equations describing how electric and magnetic fields are generated and altered by each other and by charges and currents

Answer 14

James Clerk Maxwell

Question 15

: ____________ discovered and developed the first rotating magnetic field

Answer 15

Nikola Tesla

Question 16

: ________ and _________ won the Nobel Prize in 1952 for their invention of equipment which could measure the magnetic resonance in solids and fluids.

Answer 16

Bloch; Purcell

Question 17

The type of rock upon which magnetism was discovered is called?

A. Plutonium
B. Magnetite
C. Lodestone
D. Galactacite

Answer 17

B and/or C

Question 18

The SI unit of magnetic field strength is named after

Answer 18

Nikola Tesla

Question 19

: ______________ discovered the spin echo phenomenon for nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.

Answer 19

Erwin Hahn