MP324 - AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS Flashcards
rheumatoid arthritis - mechanism of tissue damage
antibodies of IgE Fc and citrullinated peptides activate macrophages and promote inflammatory response in the joint
cytokines involved in rheumatoid arthritis
TNF-a
IL-1
IL-6
IL-15
IL-17
drugs for rheumatoid arthritis
disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
- methotrexate (first-line)
- hydroxychloroquine
- sulfasalazine
NSAIDs (for pain and stiffness)
systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) - mechanism of tissue damage
characterised by high titres of autoantibodies, particularly against nuclear antigens, which generate immune complex-mediated inflammation in the kidneys, joints, skin and cardiovascular system
mortality associated with SLE
glomerulonephritis and accelerated atherosclerosis are major contributors
treatment for SLE
DMARDs - reduce incidence of flair
corticosteroids - for flares
cytotoxic drugs - for glomerulonephritis
IV immunoglobulin - for vasculitis
multiple sclerosis (MS) - mechanism of tissue damage
- disease due to nerve cell demyelination
- promoted by myelin-specific T cells, which are able to cross the blood-brain barrier
- resultant inflammation, triggers magnified response involving macrophages, cytokines etc.
treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS)
IV corticosteroids (symptomatic attack)
glatiramer acetate (reduces rate of relapse)
disease-modifying treatments
type 1 diabetes - mechanism of tissue damage
participating immune system components include auto-reactive CD4+ T helper cells and CD8+ T cytotoxic cells and also auto-antibody producing B cells
inflammatory bowel disease - mechanism of tissue damage
- role for environmental and genetic factors in disease development but symptoms caused by an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines
- roles for macrophage e.g. source of TNF-a and Th17 cell, e.g. source of IL-17
