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Solar System > MP 3 Test #1 > Flashcards

MP 3 Test #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Geocentric

A

Earth is the center of the revolving planets & stars (WRONG)

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2
Q

Heliocentric

A

Earth and the other planets revolve around the sun

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3
Q

Copernicus

A

worked out the arrangement of the known planets & how they moved around the sun

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4
Q

Galileo

A

Used the newly invented telescope to make discoveries that supported the heliocentric model

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5
Q

Tycho Brahe

A

Danish. for over 20 years he (and his assistant Kepler) observed & recorded the positions of the planets– without a telescope!

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6
Q

Johannes Kepler

A

Brahes’ assistant. Found that the planets orbits are an ellipse.

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7
Q

The solar system consists of:

A

The Sun, the planets & their moons, AND several kinds of smaller objects that revolve around the sun

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8
Q

Which six planets were known to the ancient Greeks?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter & Saturn.

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9
Q

the sun’s interior consists of:

A

The core, the radiation zone, and the convection zone

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10
Q

The sun’s core

A

Where an enormous amount of energy is produced by NUCLEAR FUSION. The temperature is about 15 million Celsius!

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11
Q

Hydrogen atoms are joined together to form helium.

A

Nuclear fusion

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12
Q

Sun: Radiation Zone

A

A region of very tightly packed gas where energy is transferred mainly in the form of electromagnetic radiation. IT IS VERY DENSE!

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13
Q

Sun: Convection Zone

A

The outermost layer of the sun’s interior. Hot gases rise from the bottom of the convection zone and gradually cool as they approach the top.

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14
Q

The sun’s atmosphere:

A

Photosphere, Chromosphere & Corona

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15
Q

The sun’s Photosphere

A

The inner layer of the sun’s atmosphere. The layer that gives off visible light. Considered the sun’s “surface”

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16
Q

The sun’s Chromosphere

A

The middle layer of the sun’s atmosphere. A thin layer that has a reddish glow.

17
Q

The sun’s Corona

A

Outer layer that looks like a white halo. It extends into space for millions of kilometers & thins into streams called solar winds

18
Q

Sunspots

A

A dark area of gas on the sun’s surface that is cooler than surrounding gases. They usually occur in groups

19
Q

Prominences

A

Huge reddish loops of gas that protrude from the sun’s surface, linking parts of sunspot regions.

20
Q

Solar Flares

A

An eruption of gas from the sun’s surface that occurs when the loops in sunspot regions suddenly connect

21
Q

Solar Wind

A

A stream of electrically charged particles that emanate from the sun’s corona.

22
Q

The 4 Inner Planets (4 things in common)

A

are small & dense, and have rocky surfaces. Often called TERRESTRIAL PLANETS

23
Q

Earth’s layers

A

CORE- Dense, made mainly of iron & nickel. Outer is liquid but inner is solid
MANTLE- Layer of hot molten rock
CRUST- Solid rocky surface

24
Q

How much of the Earth’s surface is water?

A

70% of the Earth’s surface is water

25
Q

Earth’s Atmosphere

A

Extends more than 100 KM above it’s surface.
Only Earth has an atmosphere contains oxygen. about 20% OXYGEN, the rest is almost all NITROGEN. There is a small amount of other gasses, and water vapor.

26
Q 
MERCURY:
Diameter
Rotation
Revolution
Km from the sun
Moons?
Atmosphere:
Temperature Hi/Lo
Escape Velocity
A 
3000 Miles in Diameter
Period of Rotation: 58 Earth Days
Period of Revolution: 87 Days
28.5 MILLION MI (57 million KM) from the SUN (closest planet)
NO MOONS
Atmosphere: Hydrogen & Helium
Temp: 870/-300 highest temperature range!
Escape Velocity: 10,000 mph
27
Q 
VENUS:
Diameter
Rotation
Revolution
Km from the sun
Moons?
Atmosphere is made of:
Escape Velocity
Mostly made of:
A 
7,523 Miles in Diameter
Period of Rotation: 226 Earth Days
Period of Revolution: .62 Earth Year
67 MILLION MI from the SUN
NO MOONS
Atmosphere is: Carbon Dioxide & Oxygen
Escape Velocity:23.300 mph
Mostly Nickle & Iron
28
Q 
EARTH:
Miles through the center?
Rotation
Revolution
Km from the sun
Moons?
A 
8,000 miles through the center
Period of Rotation: 1 Earth Days
Period of Revolution: 1 Earth Year
150 MILLION KM from the SUN
1 MOON
29
Q 
MARS:
Diameter
Rotation
Revolution
Km from the sun
Moons?
Escape Velocity
High/Low Temp
Mostly made of?
Atmosphere?
A 
4.222 Miles in Diameter
Period of Rotation: 24 hours & 37 minutes
Period of Revolution: 687 days
142 MILLION MI from the SUN
2 MOONS
Escape Velocity: 11.20 mph
98 hi/-198 low
Mostly Iron & Nickle
Atmosphere: Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide
30
Q

MERCURY FACTS:

A

Smallest Terrestrial Planet
Closest to the sun
Virtually NO atmosphere
Surface is Hot on the

31
Q

VENUS FACTS:

A

It rotates in the other direction RETROGRADE ROTATION
The atmosphere is so heavy it would crush anything on it
It’s Mass is 81% of Earth
It’s Volume is 86% of Earth
It’s Atmosphere is so thick it traps heat

Solar System (1 decks)

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