moving exam #1 Flashcards
coefficient of linear expansion, a
indicate the change in length per unit per degree of temperature change.
objective in activity 1
To measure the coefficient of linear expansion of two different metal rods
what are the materials used in activity 1: coefficient of linear expansion
linear expansion apparatus
2 metal rod
thermometer
beaker
steam generator
electric stove
meter stick
rug
extension cord
what are the parts in the linear expansion appparatus?
a. steam intake valve
b. thermometer tube
c. thermometer
d. micrometer caliper
e. water outlet valve
f. base
g. heating jacket
h. screw
what is the title in Activity 2?
Specific heats of solids
It means measuring heat
Calorimetry
what does the conservation of energy entail?
heat gained is equal to heat lost.
this is a form of energy in transit
Heat
What is the algebraic sum of the quantities of heat transferred to the bodies?
it must be zero.
what is Q=mC(deltaT)?
This is the mathematical representation of the amount of heat needed to achieve a temperature change by a material with a specific mass and specific heat capacity.
what law of thermodynamics that stated that: in an isolated system, there is no transfer of either mass or energy to its environment?
the 1st law
what is the objective in activity 2?
To measure the specific heat capacity of two kinds of solid specimens by calorimetry.
what are the materials used in activity 2?
steam generator cup, calorimeter, 2 thermometers, 2 kinds of metal shots, platform balance, slotted masses, 600mL beaker, electric stove, extension cord and rug
how to calculate the specific heat of metal 1?
Q_gained=-Q_lost
Q=mc(deltaT)
c_metal= (-Q)_water)/mc(deltaT)_water
c_water= 1cal/gC = 4190 J/KgC
what is the title of activity 3?
Heat of Fusion and heat of Vaporization of water
this refers to the state, such as liquid, solid, and gas
phase
for any given pressure, this takes place at a difinite temperature. This is also accompanied by absorption or emmision of heat and a change in volume and density.
Phase change
define phase change
For a given pressure, this takes place at a defnite temperature. This is also accompanied by absorption or emission of heat and a change in volume and density.
heat transfer in phase change is Q=mL, where lantent heat L can be Lf, heat of fusion or Lv, heat of vaporization. What does it mean if Q is positive or negave in each latent heat.
(+) Q - heat is absorbed (such as melting and vaporizing
(-)Q - heat is released like freezing and condensing
what is the latent heat for gas to liquid?
heat of vaporization
what is the latent heat for liquid to solid?
heat of fusion
give the values for Lf and LV of Water
Lv = 3.34x10^5 J/Kg
Lf = 2.256x10^6 J/Kg
What is the objective in Activity 3?
To determine the heat of ice and heat of vaporization of water by calorimetry
what are the materials in Activity 3?
Calorimeter, steam generator, water trap, 2 beakers, thermometer, platform balance, set of masses, electric stove, extension cord, rug, and ice
Give the equation to solve for Lf of ice
0 = Qal + Qw + Qlf + Qice
give the equation to solve for the equation of Lv of water
0 = Qal + Qw - Qlv + Qice
What is the title and objective of chapter 4?
Mechanical equivalent 0f heat : shot tube method. Its objective is to make an approximate measurement of the mechanical equivalent of heat
this is the constant ratio between mechanical and heat energy, and either one is converted into another
mechanical equivalent of heat
what are the materials used in activity 4?
PVC tube, thermometer, steel/lead/copper metal shots, ice, meter stick, steam generator cup, beaker
what are the calculations used in activity 4?
J = W/G = g.y/c(delta T)
g= 9.8 m/s^2
what are the parts of the calorimeter?
stirrer
hole for thermometer
fiber ring
outer calorimeter
inner cup
what are the values of J for water?
J = 4.186 J/cal = 778 ft.lb/btu
how do you compute the y for work in activity 4?
y = (no. of inversions) x (length of the pipe)
what is the title of activity 5?
Standing Wave motion
what is the objective in activity 5?
To investigate the properties of standing waves in a string using mechanical vibration.
how are tansverse wave generated?
a string is tied to one end, and a moving disturbance in a form of a wave is generated and travels along the string. Its particle move at the right angle to the undisturbed portion of the string
what are the formulas to find speed?
v = f(lambda)
for transverse waves: v = (FL/m)^1/2
points with maximum fluctuations. Its amplitude is at its maximum value
Antinodes
what are points that always remain at rest?
Nodes
These are two identical waves that vibrate and appear stationary. This is created by a superposition of two transverse waves traveling in opposite directions
Standing waves
what is the general equation for finding the length of the string. Then, modify this equation to find the wavelength.
L = n(lamda/2)
lamda = 2L/n ; n = 1,2,3,..
how do you find the frequency in activity 5?
f = (L(slope)/m)^1/2
slope = [N.(Exy) - (Ex).(Ey) / N.(Ex^2) - (Ex)^2]
summary of the activity 5
- generate waves using an electriclly driven vibrator
- the tension is varied to produce different wavelengths
- using the values obtained, we can calculate for the tension of the string, mass per unit length of the string, and frequency of the occilation
what are the materials in Activity 5?
mechanical vibrator, 60 Hz frequency generator, iron stand, spring balance, meter stick
what is the density of the string used in activity 5?
u = 2.4 x 10^-4 Kg/m
what are the apparatus set up in activity 5?
- iron stand
- string
- length of string is from the frquency generator to the string balance
- mechanical vibrator
- spring balancce
- frequency generator
what are the parts of the calorimeter?
a. stirrer
b. hole for thermometer
c. fiber ring
d. outer calorimeter
e. inner cup
