movements of substances into and out of the cell

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

Diffusion is the movement of particles ( molecules or ion ) from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration down the concentration gradient. ( the bigger the difference in concentration, the faster the diffusion rate).
Takes place anywhere living or non-living organisms

Question 2

Adaptations for the transport of materials

Answer 2

1) Root hairs in-plant has a higher surface area to volume ratio.
2) Villi in the small intestine and alveoli in the lungs are well adapted for diffusion, as they have a high surface area to volume ratio.
- - The rate of diffusion of a substance is increased by:
a) a steep concentration gradient
b) high-temperature
c) a large surface area to volume ratio

Question 3

Osmosis

Answer 3

• -happens when there is a partially permeable membrane ( lets water through but not other substances)
• • Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a higher water potential concentration to a less water potential concentration
• -or water will move from where there is a less water potential concentration to where there is a high water potential concentration.

Question 4

Active transport

Answer 4

Active transport uses energy from respiration to move substances against a concentration gradient.
They will diffuse more quickly if they are warmer because they will have more kinetic energy.
( Takes place only in living organisms required to produce energy )
An example is the absorption of glucose from the small intestine into the surrounding cells to be transported through the bloodstream.