movement of carbon

Question 1

what is a carbon sink?

Answer 1

when more carbon enters a store than leaves

Question 2

what is a net carbon store?

Answer 2

when more carbon leaves than enters

Question 3

what is a transfer?

Answer 3

the process in which carbon moves from one store to another

Question 4

what is the geological component in the carbon cycle?

Answer 4

it is where it interacts with the rock cycle in the processes of weathering, burial and volcanic eruptions

Question 5

where does photosynthesis move carbon to and from?

Answer 5

from the atmosphere into biomass

Question 6

how does photosynthesis move carbon?

Answer 6

planats and organisms such as phytoplankton use energy from the sun to change carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen
oxygen in a byproduct that is released in to atmosphere

Question 7

once plants have gained carbon through photosynthesis how is it moved again?

Answer 7

through decomposition and respiration

Question 8

where does decomposition move carbon?

Answer 8

from biomass into the atmosphere and soil

Question 9

how does decomposition move carbon?

Answer 9

decomposition is when an organism is broken down
the process is carried out by decomposers which break down tissue and cells
as the organism is broken down methane and co2 are released

Question 10

what form of carbon is transferred into soil after decomposition?

Answer 10

humus

Question 11

where does chemical weathering move carbon to?

Answer 11

from the atmosphere to the hydrosphere and biosphere

Question 12

how does chemical weathering move carbon?

Answer 12

atmospheric carbon dissolves in water vapour to form a weak carbonic acid
as this reaches the ground as precipitation it reacts with minerals in rocks creating a chemical reaction that causes it to dissolve
the molecules from this reaction may be washed into the sea which then react with the carbon in the ocean to form calcium carbonate used to make marine creature shells

Question 13

how can claim carbonate be transferred from biomass to the lithosphere?

Answer 13

through creature decomposition

Question 14

what is created when carbon and water vapour mix?

Answer 14

carbonic acid

Question 15

what is carbon sequestration?

Answer 15

this is when carbon is captured and put into long term storage
eg pumped underground

Question 16

what are the two types of carbon sequestration?

Answer 16

geologic

terrestrial

Question 17

what is geologic carbon sequestration?

Answer 17

when carbon is captured at the source and injected in liquid form into deep underground stores such as the ocean or gas reservoirs

Question 18

what is terrestrial sequestration?

Answer 18

when plants are used in order to capture co2 and store it in set and roots and also soil

Question 19

how is carbon moved from the ocean to atmosphere vice versa?

Answer 19

co2 is directly dissolved into the oceans

Question 20

what is the vertical deep mixing of oceans?

Answer 20

this is when carbon is transferred into the oceans
warm water moves to colder regions where it sinks
returns to warmer regions so it starts to rise, warm water can hold less carbon so it is released back into the atmosphere

Question 21

what is the biological ocean pump?

Answer 21

when organisms die go to bottom turn into rock and released by uplift etc

Question 22

oceanic pump is?

Answer 22

the ample of deep vertical mixing that creates a circulation

Question 23

how does combustion move carbon dioxide?

Answer 23

transfers carbon from living organisms or dead and vegetation into the atmosphere
burnign them e.g. wildfires

Question 24

how does cement manufacture contribute to the movement of co2?

Answer 24

when calcium carbonate is heated its produces lime and co2

fossil fuels which provide energy for the manufacture also release co2

Question 25

what % of global anthropogenic co2 do cement manufactures contribute?

Answer 25

5%

Question 26

when fossil fuels are burned what is released?

Answer 26

co2 and water

Question 27

why does the ploughing of soil increase movement of carbon?

Answer 27

when soil is ploughed it allows oxygen to mix with it

dramatically increases microbial activity resulting in organic matter being broken down much quicker