Movement and exercise Flashcards
What do we need skeletons for?
For support and movement
What are antagonistic pairs?
The way in which muscles work together, joints move by contraction and so two muscles are required to contract in opposite directions.
How is a joint structured?
There is a smooth layer o cartilage at the end of bones and a synovial membrane to hold synovial fluid. Connecting each bone together across the synovial membrane pocket is an elastic ligament. Between the bones and the muscles there are tendons.
What are the functions of these various structures?
The cartilage and synovial fluid reduce friction between bones in joint movement. The elasticity of the ligament allows movement while stabilising joints. Tendons allow the force from muscles to move bones and allow muscles to have an effect.
What factors can be health risks when doing exercise?
A current medication course, alcohol and tobacco consumption, irregular and a lack of physical activity and family medical history.
How can we measure fitness and what equation do we use to calculate one of these methods??
We can use proportion of body fat and also body mass index.
BMI = body mass (kg) / (height)^2 (m)
What are some common injuries that can be caused by excessive exercise?
Sprains, dislocations and torn ligaments or tendons.
What is a sprain and how can it be treated?
A sprain is the overstretching of a ligament, the join will therefore become more wobbly and weak. The treatment is PRICE.
What is PRICE?
Protect Rest Ice Compress Elevate.
What is the role of a physiotherapist?
A physios role is to help an injured person strengthen any damaged joints without causing further damage by providing a suitable exercise programme.
