Movement Flashcards
Flexion
Flexion is generally an anterior movement of a body part within the sagittal plane.
(Exceptions include the legs, feet, toes and thumbs)
Extension
Is generally a posterior movement within the sagittal plane
Exceptions include the legs, feet, toes and thumbs
Abduction
Is generally a lateral movement within the frontal plane that is away from the imaginary midline of the body;
Exceptions include: the toes, and fingers, including the thumbs
Adduction:
The terms abduction and Adduction are used only for the appendicular body
Is generally a medial movement toward the midline
Exceptions include: the toes, and fingers, including the thumbs
Right lateral Flexion
This term used only for the axial body
Is a side-bending movement of the head, neck, and or trunk toward the right within the frontal plane.
Left lateral Flexion
This term used only for the axial body
Is a side-bending movement of the head, neck, and or trunk toward the left within the frontal plane.
Lateral Rotation:
Also known as external rotation
Is a movement within the transverse plane in which the anterior surface of the body part moves to face more laterally (away from the midline)
These terms are used only for the appendicular body
Medial Rotation:
Also known as internal rotation
Moves the anterior surface to face more medially (towards the midline)
These terms are used only for the appendicular body
Right rotation
Note: they are also used to describe rotation motions of the pelvis
Is movement within the transverse plane in which the anterior surface of the body part moves to face more to the right
(These terms are used for the axial body only)
Ipsilateral rotation and contralateral rotation are often used to describe motions created by muscles that produce right or left rotation. Describe that a muscle on one side of the body either produces rotation to the same side or opposite side
Left rotation:
Note: they are also used to describe rotation motions of the pelvis
Moves the anterior surface to face more to the left.
(These terms are used for the axial body only)
Ipsilateral rotation and contralateral rotation are often used to describe motions created by muscles that produce right or left rotation. Describe that a muscle on one side of the body either produces rotation to the same side or opposite side
Elevation
Is a movement wherein the body part moves superiorly
Depression
Occurs when the body part moves inferiorly
Protraction:
Is a movement wherein the body part moves anteriorly
Retraction
Is a movement wherein the body part moves posteriorly
Right/Left lateral Deviation
Is a linear movement that occurs in the lateral direction
Pronation:
Term can be applied to motion of the forearm and foot.
Pronation refers to the natural side-to-side movement of the foot as you walk or run. It is also known as eversion. The foot rolls a bit inward with each step. From the time your heel strikes the ground, your arch begins to flatten and cushion the shock
Supination:
Supination (or under-pronation) is the opposite of pronation and refers to the outward roll of the foot during normal motion. A natural amount of supination occurs during the push-off phase of the running gait as the heel lifts off the ground and the forefoot and toes are used to propel the body forward
Inversion:
Is the principal component of supination of the foot.
Inversion and eversion refer to movements that tilt the sole of the foot away from (eversion) or towards (inversion) the midline of the body.
Eversion
Is the principal component of pronation of the foot
Eversion is the movement of the sole of the foot away from the median plane. Inversion is the movement of the sole towards the median plane.
Dorsiflexion:
The foot moves superiorly (in the direction of it’s dorsal surface)
Technically is extension of the foot
Plantar Flexion:
It moves inferiorly (in the direction of it’s plantar surface)
Technically Flexion of the foot
Opposition
This movement is called opposition (i.e., of thumb to fingers). During opposition the thumb is rotated around its long axis; it has been said that human civilization depends upon the opposition of the thumb.
Reposition:
Reposition is a movement that moves the thumb and the little finger away from each other, effectively reversing opposition.
Upward rotation
The scapula upwardly rotates when its glenoid fossa is moved to face more superiorly
Downward Rotation:
The scapula upwardly rotates when its glenoid fossa is moved to face more inferiorly
Lateral Tilt:
The scapula laterally tilts when its medial border lifts away from the body wall
Medial Tilt
The scapula laterally tilts when its medial border lifts away from the body wall (medial tilt Is the opposite motion)
Upward Tilt
When it’s inferior angle lifts away from the body wall
Downward Tilt
When it’s inferior angle lifts away from the body wall (downward is the opposite motion
Horizontal Flexion
Is a movement of the arm or thigh in which it begins in a horizontal position 90 degrees and then moves anteriorly toward the midline of the body.
Horizontal Extension
Is a movement of the arm or thigh in which it begins in a horizontal position 90 degrees and then moves anteriorly toward the midline of the body. (Is the movement in the opposite direction.)
Hyperextension
Hyperextension is an excessive joint movement in which the angle formed by the bones of a particular joint is opened, or straightened, beyond its normal, healthy, range of motion
Circumduction:
Is not a joint action
movement of a limb or extremity so that the distal end describes a circle while the proximal end remains fixed.
