Mouth Flashcards
stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
Vesicular stomatitides: foot and mouth disease affects cloven footed animals, and is caused by this family of viruses.
picorna virus
Vesicular stomatitides: vesicular stomatitis affecting the horse, cow, and pig is caused by this family of viruses.
Rhabdovirus
Vesicular stomatitides: swine vesicular disease is caused by this family of viruses.
Picornavirus
Vesicular stomatitides: swine vesicular exanthma is caused by this family of viruses.
Calicivirus
Erosion
partial loss of epithelial cells - does NOT penetrate basement membrane
Ulcer
Loss of epithelial cells - penetrates the basement membrane
Papules can be formed from these three causes:
- swelling of cells
- proliferation of cells
- Infiltration by cells
Bovine papular stomatitis is caused by this virus family and affects ____ (young/old) cattle.
parapoxvirus, young cattle
Contagious ecthyma (orf) is caused by this virus family and affects ____, ____, and ____.
poxvirus; sheep, goats, and humans
Wet form of fowl pox is caused by this viral family and affects _____ and _____.
poxvirus; chickens and turkeys
Necrotizing stomatitides occurs in all species - true or false?
True
What are necrotizing stomatitides?
Yellow/gray round foci surrounded by a rim of hyperemic tissue in oral cavity, larynx, or pharynx
Necrotizing stomatitides: calf diphtheria is caused by this agent
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Necrotizing stomatitides: canker in pigeons is caused by this agent
Trichomonas gallinae
Necrotizing stomatitides: duck viral enteritis is caused by this virus.
herpes virus
Eosinophilic stomatides are usually seen in this animal.
cats
esoinophilic stomatides are…
oral lesions in conjunction with skin lesions as part of the feline eosinophilic granuloma complex
What is a rodent ulcer?
The ulcerative form of eosinophilic stomatides that appears as an excavation in the upper lip.
Lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis is…
an idiopathic chronic condition characterized by reddened gums, foul breath, and inappetance
Lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis is seen in this species
cat
In lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis, the submucosa of the gingiva is infiltrated by large numbers of ____ and ____
lymphocytes and plasma cells
Gingival hyperplasia: what is it; it is a common response to ____; and is most prevalent in _____
overgrowth of gingival tissues consisting of connective tissue and epithelial tissue; common response to chronic inflammation; most prevalent in brachycephalic breeds
Hyperplastic disease: epulis - three kinds of epulis
- ossifying
- fibromatous
- acanthomatous
Epulis is derived from the _____ stroma of the gum.
peridontal
which kinds of epulis can be surgically removed?
ossifying and fibromatous epulis
Which kind of epulis is neopalstic, locally invasive, and destorys bone?
Acanthomatous epulis
Canine oral papillomatosis
caused by papillomavirus (papovavirus group); occurs in young animals (less than 1 year); papillaform, can be widespread on oral mucosa; spontaneous regression
Odontogenic tumors
Usually benign tumors derived from epithelial and mesenchymal tissues that give rise to the teeth; these tumors occur infrequently in domestic and lab animals
The three big malignant tumors of the mouth:
- squamous cell carcinoma
- malignant melanoma
- fibrosarcoma
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cancer of the oral cavity in this species:
cat
common sites of squamous cell carcinoma include ____ in all species; ____ in the cat; and ____ in the dog.
gums, tongue, tonsils
Tonsilar squamous cell carcinoma
readily metastasize to the regional lymph nodes and must be distinguished from tonsilar lymphosarcoma
gingival squamous cell carcinoma
slow to metastasize
Malignant melanoma is the most common cancer of the oral cavity in _____, but rare in ___.
common in dogs, rare in cats
Oral melanomas are ____ invasive and metastasize ____ to the regional lymph nodes and lungs.
highly, and metastasize early
Fibrosarcomas arise from the _____ of the oral cavity; can be found often on the ____ in dogs and the ____ in cats; and metastasis is seen ____
connective tissue of the oral cavity; palate in dogs; gingiva in cats; metastasize occasionally
Peridontal disease is the most common dental disease of ___ and ___
dogs and sheep
Peridontal disease includes any disease process involving the periodontium. The periodontium includes:
gingiva, periodontal membrane, cementum, and alveolar bone
What is a common squela to periodontal disease?
periodontitis and loss of teeth
Periodontal disease is caused by:
bacterial colonization of the tooth surface and invasion of the gingival crevice
dental plaque
build-up of organic matrix composed mainly of bacteria on the exposed tooth surface (supragingival plaque) and in the gingival crevice (subgingival plauqe)
Dental calculus (aka tartar)
calculus is formed by deposition of salivary minerals on mats of dead bacteria; contributes significantly to periodontal disease
Chronic gingivitis
leads to periodontitis with resorption of alveolar bone and loose, lost, or abscessed teeth
Infection of root of caranasal tooth may lead to abscess or draining tract on ____
cheek
