Mountains Flashcards
What are the major mountain chains?
Look at slide 2
What is earth’s crust determined by?
Earth’s crust is deformed by tectonic forces, gravity,and the weight of the overburden.
Under stress, what will rocks do?
Fold or fault
What are the four types of mountains?
•Folded(Convergent boundaries; crustal compression) •Fault block (Crustal extension) Volcanic •Dome(Magma does not break surface) •Volcano(Magma is extruded)
What type of mountain chain are the Appalachians?
Folded mountain chain
Where do folded mountains occur?
- At convergent boundaries
- Collision between continents and other continents/island arcs
- Buoyant continental crust cannot subduct, leading to compression and uplift
•Folding
•Faulting
What type of mountains are most of Earth’s mountain chains?
Folded mountains
What do glaciers do to the landscape?
Cause a U shape valley
What are V shaped valleys formed by?
Rivers, not ice
What is a valley shape evidence of?
Climate history
What are fault-block mountains?
–Tension(stretching of crust); settling/uplift
–Crustal extension (either new divergent boundaries or secondary to convergence)
–Very steep slopes
What are fault-block mountains usually called?
Horst and Graben topography
Why do many fault block mountain ranges form?
Form due to serious stretching in past
What are dome mountains?
Intrusions of magma, usually into sedimentary rocks. Does NOT break through surface—so NO eruption
Where are dome mountains found?
Where there are flat-lying sedimentary rocks that are pushed up by molten rock
