Mount Pinatubo and Philipines as Multi- Hazard

Question 1

Where did it erupt

Answer 1

Island of Luzon (largest island in Philiphines)

Question 2

What plate boundary was it on

Answer 2

Destructive Plate boundary

Question 3

W

Which plate boundaries were involved

Answer 3

Eurasian and Philiphine Plate

Question 4

How much did it lower global temperatures by (volcano)

Answer 4

the sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere lowered global temperatures by 0.5 oC between 1991 and 1993.

Question 5

S

3 Social impacts (volcano)

Answer 5

58,000 people were evacuated within
a 30km radius of the volcanoes.
847 people were killed
1.2 million people lost their homes

Question 6

2 economic impacts (volcano)

Answer 6

An estimated** $700 million of damages**
to homes and infrastructure.

Many people that live in the
Philippines rely on farming as there
main source of income. The
combination of heavy rain and ash
means that land turned quickly into
unusable land, with 650,000 farmers
losing their jobs.

Question 7

2 environmental impacts (volcano)

Answer 7

lowered global temperatures by 0.5
oC between 1991 and 1993.

Fast flowing lahars causes severe river
bank erosion and undercut many
bridges.

Question 8

When was the Guinsaugon mudslide

Answer 8

17th February 2006

Question 9

How much mud covered the village

Answer 9

Around 1.2 billion cubic
meters of mud covered the village.

Question 10

Causes of the mudslide

Answer 10

The main cause was a large amount of heavy rainfall due to the La Nina event in the western
pacific. Within 10 days 200cm of rain had fell which severely saturated the already unstable slopes. It was
caused by many factors, the main one being a small 2.6 magnitude earthquake before the mudslide. Another
key factor though was the large scale deforestation that has occurred over the past 70 years, due to population
growth increasing the demand for food, as well as illegal logging in the region

Question 11

Social impacts (mudslide)

Answer 11

1,000 people were killed
300 houses that once stood in the village had been destroyed.

Question 12

Economics impacts (mudslide)

Answer 12

• Valuably faming land used for agriculture was buried under many meters of mud, whilst livestock were killed.
• In total around 16,000 people were affected by this mudslide.

Question 13

Agencies mitigating the impacts on Philipines

Answer 13

• National Disaster Co-Ordinating Council
• Philippines Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
• Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
• Land use planing and structural programmes of defences help people to survive the huge range of hazards
  facing them.