Moulds Flashcards
Are moulds eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
Eukaryotes
How are the filaments of moulds called?
Hypae
What is ragi used for in fermentation?
In uncooked rice as starter culture
What is the name of the mould used in blue veined cheeses?
Penicillium roqueforti
Can fungi produce B12 vitamin?
No, vitamin B12 is a bacterial metabolite
If one wanted to create a meat alternative which is fortified in vitamin B12 how could he do it?
Develop a lupine tempeh by fermentation with mixed culture between:
Rhizopus sp + B12 producing bacterium, for e.g., P. freudenreichii. As the fungi consumes oxygen, the anaerobic bacteria can grow and produce vitamin b12
Aspergillus oryzae describe the fungi.
It is an ascomycetes, has vegetative reproduction, the vegetative spores are situated at the conidia on swollen vesicles.
Penicillium roqueforti describe the fungi.
It is an ascomycetes, has vegetative reproduction, the vegetative spores are situated at the conidia on branched structures.
Rhizopus oligosporus describe the fungi.
It is a zygomycetes has vegetative and sexual reproduction, the vegetative spores are situated in the sporangiospores in the sporangia.
Does R. oligosporus grow on nitrate? What are good nitrogen sources for this fungi?
No. Good nitrogen source are ammonia and some amino acids.
In which sugars can R. olgiosporus grow?
Simple sugars not in complex ones such as raffinose, sucrose and stachynose.
Is soybean oil a good source for r. olgiosporus?
It is excellent. Will use the carbons in oil as source.
What is water activity and how is it determined?
The free water in the food product, not bound. It is determined by the vapor pressure of the solution over the water vapor pressure of pure water.
What is the general aw requirement for bacteria and fungi?
0.91 and 0.7
How is growth of aerobic mould affected by reduction of oxygen?
Relatively unaffected, O2 concentration can decrease down to 1%.
