Motorized Operations Flashcards
What is a Tactical Convoy
Deliberate planned combat operation to move personnel/ cargo via ground transportation in a secure manner under the control of a single commander
Term Convoy refers to
Broad spectrum of missions ranging from a four-vehicle convoy of;
- Highly Mobile Multi-Wheel Vehicle (HMMWV) tasked to resupply an infantry platoon to a fifty-vehicle convoy made up of military, civilian contractor, local nationals (LN)
- Third Country National (TCN) vehicles
Selection of routes is based off of what
Comprehensive METT-T/ route options before
- EMCOA
- Commander’s Intent
- SOM
Convoy planning are tactical in nature and EN contact is
Probable or Imminent
What is Mission
Desired convoy objective or end state
Who, Where, When, Why
What are the 3 implied tasks to the mission
- Intelligence Collection
- Route Clearing
- Snap Vehicle Checkpoint
What is Intelligence Collection
Every Marine on convoy is an intel collector and convoy can observe and gain valuable intel on EN situation, atmospherics, route
What is Route Clearing
Convoy responsible to make road safer for friendly military forces that may follow. Dealing w/ any IED unless told otherwise by higher
What is Snap Vehicle Checkpoint (VCP)
Ordered to conduct VCP or hasty vehicle/personnel searches if they come in contact with, or gain intel about potential EN.
What Convoy should consider w/ analyzing route options
- Quick Reaction Forces (QRF)
- Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) personel
- CASEVAC capabilities
- Recovery Assets
What are the 3 variant types of vehicles found in Marine Corps convoy
- Marine Armor System Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MAS MTVR 7-Ton)
- Up-Armor HMMWV (UAH)
- Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP)
What is the Marine Armor System Tactical Vehicle Replacement (MAS MTVR 7-Ton)
Common cargo and personnel carrying vehicle -Found in the Main Body Security Unit, as cargo or personnel carrier.
- Used in Lead Security Unit as a lead vehicle due to its survivability against IED
- Personnel: 17 troops (including MG)
- Pro: Armor and ground clearance provide good protection from undercarriage blasts
- Con: Limited maneuver due to height/weight
What is the Up-Armor HMMWV (UAH)
Found in all elements if MAGTF, highly versatile vehicle from security to mount patrol
- Personnel: 5 troops (including MG)
- Pro: Maneuver and capable of improved C2
- Con: High center of gravity (increased roll-over risk), vulnerable to undercarriage blasts
What is the Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP)
Newest vehicle to fleet, built to survive both direct fire weapons and blasts.
- Used as C2 and security vehicle, and special mission (EOD)
- Personnel: 6 (4x4 variant), 10 (6x6 variant)
- Pros: Survivable VEC due to V-shaped hull
- Con: Poor off-road capability
What are the 3 types of communication in a convoy
- External to the Convoy
- Vehicle to Vehicle
- Vehicle Internal
What is “External to the Convoy”
- Convoy CMDR talk to units external to the convoy in order to coordinate with higher, adjacent, and supporting units
- Convoy CMDR talk external to coordinate boundary crossing, keep higher headquarters informed, employ supporting arms, and call for external assets (CASEVAC, EOD)
What is “Vehicle to Vehicle”
- Members within convoy communicate with one another on the status of the convoy
- Members of convoy to report problems, observations, EN contact
What is “Vehicle Internal”
Personnel inside the vehicles communicate among themselves, more often visually or by voice rather than by radio
-Done by voice rather than radio w/i vehicle
What are the 4 most common air support aircraft can provide
- Intelligence, Surveillance, & Reconnaissance (ISR)
- Show of Force
- Close Air Support (CAS)
- CASEVAC
What is “Intelligence, Surveillance, & Reconnaissance (ISR)”
Aircraft can fly ahead and to the flanks of the convoy and report on enemy and route conditions
What is “Show of Force”
Aircraft make their presence known to enemy forces making the convoy a “hard” target
What is “Close Air Support”
Destroy enemy through fires from the aircraft
What is “CASEVAC”
Highly responsive evacuation of wounded personnel
What is JTAC responsible for
-Develop air support plan that supports the convoy commander’s SOM
-Process raw info coming from the aircraft into actionable intelligence for convoy CMDR while filtering out unnecessary information
-Prosecute targets using CAS
Execute air CASEVAC missions as needed
What is the Commander’s Intent
-Deliver assigned cargo and engagement w/ and subsequent pursuit of the EN should never supersede it, unless ordered by higher -Commander’s Intent should be based on the theme of keeping your convoy moving
What is the Commander’s Intent based on the “METHOD”
- KS should be something that allows the EN to stop/slow the convoy
- KW should be a gap that is linked to the EN capability to stop/slow the convoy
- Exploitation Plan should be a combination of an IA drills, convoy TTPs, Organic and supporting arms to keep the convoy moving
What goes on the SOM
- Task Organization
- Distribution of Forces
- Route (a named route or CPs)
- Movement Formations
- Tactical Control Measures
- Actions on the Objective
Convoy are tasked organized to what
- Lead Security Unit
- Main Body Security Unit
- Rear Security Unit
What is “Lead Security Unit”
Provides 180 degree security to front of convoy and its tactical task is to screen to the front
What is “Main Body Security Unit”
Provides flank security for convoy and its tactical task is to protect; the cargo falls within the main body, in between the security vehicles
What is “Rear Security Unit”
Provides 180 degree security to rear of convoy and its tactical task is to screen to the rear
What is Screen (Lead and Rear Security Units)
Observe, identify, and report information and only
fights in self-protection
What is Protect (Main Body Security Unit)
Prevent observation, engagement or interference with a
force or location
What are the 2 basic formations for the column
- Open Column
- Close Column
What is Open Column
- Distance between vehicles is 100m-200m
- Used on open terrain, travel at higher rate
What is Close Column
- Distance between vehicles is 50m-100m
- Used at night, urban areas, high traffic area
What is a Floating Rally Point
Not preplanned locations, instead they are preplanned distances from points of EN contact
Who are your key personnel
- Convoy CMDR
- Asst. Convoy CMDR
- Lead Security Unit Leader
- Main Body Security Leader
- Rear Body Security Leader
- Vehicle CMDR
- Gunners
- Drivers
What are the 6 elements of SOM
- Task organization
- Distribution of Force
- Route
- TCM
- Movement Formation
- Action on OBJ
What to do when IED have been discovered (5 Cs)
- Confirm
- Clear
- Check
- Cordon
- Control
