Motor Learning and Coaching{ATAR SPORT}

Question 1

What is Motor Learning?

Answer 1

Motor Learning is a discipline concerned with the learning of skilled movements through biophysical knowledge about the neural, muscular and sensory systems.
Also includes practice and feedback

Question 2

What are the 2 key elements Motor Learning focuses on?

Answer 2

1. Motor programs
2. Motor skills

Question 3

What is the meaning of motor programs?

Answer 3

Motor programs are an organised set of individual motor skills that result in the correct execution of a specified skill?

Question 4

How do you succeed in motor programs?

Answer 4

Success in motor programs is dependant on individual motor skills being executed with correct timing and being placed in the correct sequence.

Question 5

What is the definition of skill?

Answer 5

Skill is the learnt ability to bring about predetermined results with a maximum of certainty, often with a minimum outlay of time or energy or both.

Question 6

What are the skill categories?

Answer 6

1. Cognitive
2. Perceptual
3. Motor

Question 7

What is the meaning of cognitive skills?

Answer 7

Involves primarily the brain.
Eg. Reading

Question 8

What is the definition of perceptual skills?

Answer 8

Involves how an individual interprets stimuli.
Eg. 2 people receiving stimuli but interpreting it differently.

Question 9

What is Motor?

Answer 9

Involving physical movement.
Eg. Running

Question 10

What is the meaning of motor skills?

Answer 10

Activities that involve voluntary muscular movement to complete a predetermined task.

Question 11

What are the characteristics of motor skills which help coaches to improve their athletes performance?

Answer 11

1. Movement precision
2. Type of movement
3. Predictability of the environment.

Question 12

List some of the characteristics of motor skills?

Answer 12

1. Are learned and require practice to improve performance.
2. Pre-determined goals and objectives.

Question 13

What will a skilled performer do when called upon to perform a skill?

Answer 13

1. Greater accuracy
2. Quicker to respond
3. Well coordinated
4. Quick decision making

Question 14

What is movement precision?

Answer 14

A continuum influenced by the size of the muscle group/movements involved.

Question 15

What are the subsections of movement precision?

Answer 15

1. Gross motor skills
2. Fine motor skills

Question 16

What are gross motor skills?

Answer 16

Involves major muscle groups and fundamental movement patterns.
Eg.running

Question 17

What are fine motor skills?

Answer 17

Involve movements of smaller muscle groups and involves coordination and precise movement.
Eg. Darts

Question 18

What is the meaning of the type of movement?

Answer 18

Continuum influenced by how well defined the beginning and end a performance is.

Question 19

What are the subcategories for types of movement?

Answer 19

1. Discrete skills
2. Serial skills
3. Continuous skills

Question 20

Define discrete skills?

Answer 20

Has a clear beginning and ending.
Eg.shot at goals

Question 21

Define serial skills?

Answer 21

Made up of a number of discrete skills which are put together in a certain order.
Eg. Beginning routine for a gymnast

Question 22

Define continuous skills?

Answer 22

Does not have a clear beginning or ending and it impossible to define where skill starts or stops.
Eg. Jogging

Question 23

Define the predictability of the environment?

Answer 23

Continuum influenced by the impact of the environment on the skill.

Question 24

What are the subsection for the predictability of the environment?

Answer 24

1. Closed skills
2. Open skills

Question 25

Define closed skills?

Answer 25

Performer has greatest control over their performance and usually requires repetition.
Has no defined beginning and ending.
Eg. Gymanstics

Question 26

Define open skills?

Answer 26

Performer is requires to have flexibility and adaption in execution of skill under a constantly changing environment o time pressure.
Has clear beginning and ending
Eg. Kayaking

Question 27

Define complexity of task?

Answer 27

Continuum based on how difficult the skill is to perform.

Question 28

How can the complexity of the task be affected?

Answer 28

1. Amount of info needing to be analysed
2. Time available to analyse and select response
3. Number of available responses