Motor Development Flashcards
Normal milestone ages are:
Newborn, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 18 months, 2 years, 3+ years
Motor development goes from:
GMS to FMS and first gain head control then trunk then arms and legs control
Give aspects of each of these given milestones that you would expect to see in normal development:
Newborn
Prone - baby turns head to side. Hips and knees flexed with legs under body. Arms by side with elbows fully flexed.
Hands tightly fisted
“flailing” movements at objects
Responds to environment in an involuntary/reflexive manner
Give aspects of each of these given milestones that you would expect to see in normal development:
3 months
Baby starts to extend Head control Flexed back in supported sitting Rolling from 4/12 Grasp reflex Plays with hands in midline (visual input)
Give aspects of each of these given milestones that you would expect to see in normal development:
6 months
Supine lifts head to see feet Braces shoulders on pull to sit Straight back in supported sitting Takes weight through legs in standing Prone support on extended arms Grasps toys within reach Takes everything to mouth
Give aspects of each of these given milestones that you would expect to see in normal development:
9 months
Sits independently Creep/commando crawls Achieves 4 point kneeling Pull o stand Some children may be crawling Gross pincer grasp Transfers from hand to hand Begin to manipulate toys
Give aspects of each of these given milestones that you would expect to see in normal development:
12 months
Crawling well Cruising on furniture May stand unsupported Walks with assistance Picks up small objects with pincer grip Holds spoon, but can’t feed Plays pat-a-cake Manipulates toys
Give aspects of each of these given milestones that you would expect to see in normal development:
18 months
Walks well Crouches Crude catching Stairs with help Palmar grasp or primitive tripod grasp Build tower of 3 cubes Turns pages board pages or a few at a time Attempts to feed from spoon Holds cup in 2 hands
Give aspects of each of these given milestones that you would expect to see in normal development:
2 years
Runs safely Climbs & Scoots Stairs - independent with rail Throws small ball & kicks Holding pencil nearer point, using tripod grasp Builds tower of 6 cubes Turns pages singly Spoon feeds without spillage Showing hand preference
Give aspects of each of these given milestones that you would expect to see in normal development:
3+ years
Jump & Stand on 1 leg for few seconds Pedals tricycle Stairs alternate feet. Catch & kick Thread beads on a string Use scissors Hand preference becomes more obvious
Name reflexes
rooting, suck, moro , tonic neck, grasp, stepping
Moro reflex usually occurs:
when a baby is startled by a loud sound or movement. In response to the sound, the baby throws back his or her head, extends out his or her arms and legs, cries, then pulls the arms and legs back in. A baby’s own cry can startle him or her and trigger this reflex. This reflex lasts until the baby is about 2 months old
Rooting reflex is triggered when:
the corner of the baby’s mouth is stroked or touched. The baby will turn his or her head and open his or her mouth to follow and root in the direction of the stroking. This helps the baby find the breast or bottle to start feeding. This reflex lasts about 4 month; Rooting helps the baby get ready to suck.
Sucking reflex is triggered when:
the roof of the baby’s mouth is touched, the baby will start to suck. This reflex doesn’t start until about the 32nd week of pregnancy and is not fully developed until about 36 weeks. Premature babies may have a weak or immature sucking ability because of this. Because babies also have a hand-to-mouth reflex that goes with rooting and sucking, they may suck on their fingers or hands
Tonic neck reflex is when:
a baby’s head is turned to one side, the arm on that side stretches out and the opposite arm bends up at the elbow hence is often called the ‘fencing’ reflex due to position of hands. This reflex lasts until the baby is about 5 to 7 months old
