Motor Control and Motor Learning

Question 1

refers to the permanent change in an individual’s motor performance brought about as a result of practice or intervention

Answer 1

motor learning

Question 2

complex set of internal processes that involves the acquisition and relatively permanent retention of a skilled movement or task through practice

Answer 2

motor learning

Question 3

best manipulate the individual, the task and the environment to influence long term neuroplastic changes to promote an individual’s motor performance

Answer 3

motor learning

Question 4

stages of motor learning

Answer 4

1. cognitive stage
2. associative stage
3. autonomous stage

Question 5

sequence of movement- have to think

Answer 5

cognitive stage

Question 6

fine tuning of the motor task- perfecting the task

Answer 6

associative stage

Question 7

automatic

Answer 7

autonomous stage

Question 8

variables that influence motor learning

Answer 8

1. practice; part vs whole & blocked, random, random-blocked practice.
2. Feedback- intrinsic, extrinsic, knowledge of performance versus knowledge of results
3. modelling
4. guidance
5. attentional focus (goal attainment) and contextual activity

Question 9

the process by which the brain organizes and regulates action of the muscular and skeletal systems, including movement and dynamic postural adjustments of a joint or body segment

Answer 9

motor control

Question 10

4 stages of motor control

Answer 10

1. mobility
2. stability
3. controlled mobility
4. skill

Question 11

a functional pattern represents discrete movements that are not well controlled. postural or antigravity is typically lacking

Answer 11

mobility

Question 12

characteristics of mobility

Answer 12

1. may or may not be full rom
2. not sustained or well coordinated
3. reflexive base is large
4. depended postures

Question 13

maintain a steady position in a WB position + anti gravity posture; COM maintained within limits of stability

Answer 13

static postural control

Question 14

achieved primarily by postural extensors holding in the shortened range

Answer 14

tonic holding

Question 15

stabilize the joints

Answer 15

co contraction

Question 16

characteristics of stability

Answer 16

1. stabilization of proximal segment and trunk
2. prolonged holding
3. high threshold receptors

Question 17

ability to alter a position or move in a WB position while maintaining postural stability

Answer 17

controlled mobility

Question 18

characteristics of controlled mobility

Answer 18

1. distal segment fixed, proximal segment mobile
2. full rom and balanced control in reversing direction
3. movements through decrements of range

Question 19

highly coordinated movements that allow for adaptability to meet the demands of the individual and the environment

Answer 19

skill

Question 20

motor task

Answer 20

skill

Question 21

characteristics of skill

Answer 21

1. proximal segments fixed; distal segment are free for function
2. movements are regulated with precise timing and direction
3. task specific

Question 22

types of motor task

Answer 22

1. discrete
2. serial
3. continuous

Question 23

has a beginning and and end

Answer 23

discrete

Question 24

A task consisting of a series of several distinct elements strung together to produce an integrated movement.

Answer 24

serial

Question 25

no recognizable beginning and end

Answer 25

continuous task