motivational concepts Flashcards
a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
motivation
a complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species
instinct
a basic bodily requirement
physiological need
the tendency to maintain a balanced and constant internal state; regulation of body chemistry
homeostasis
a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
incentive
the need to maintain an optimal level of arousal motivates behaviors that meet a non-physiological need
arousal theory
the pyramid of human needs
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
there is a genetic basis for unlearned, species-typical behavior
instinct theory
a physiological needs creates an aroused psychological drive that motivates a drive-reducing behavior
drive-reduction theory
drives that involve needs of the body
primary drives
drives learned through experience or conditioning
acquired drives
an unlearned motive that causes an increase in need for stimulation
stimulus motive
