Motivation Theories

Question 1

Motivation theory that states that the way a person interprets the causes for past success or failure is related to the present level of motivation; includes theories of Heider and Weiner.

Answer 1

Attribution Theory

Question 2

Power that is created formally, through a title or position in the hierarchy that is associated with the rights of leadership.

Answer 2

Legitimate Power

Question 3

Power that is created when the leader can punish those who do not follow.

Answer 3

Coercive power

Question 4

Motivation theory that states that effort increases in relation to one’s confidence that the behavior will result in a positive outcome and reward; includes Vroom’s theory.

Answer 4

Expectancy theory

Question 5

Power that is created when a leader is recognized as possessing great intelligence, insight, or experience.

Answer 5

Expert Power

Question 6

Factors that initiate, direct, and sustain human behavior over time.

Answer 6

Motivation

Question 7

Theory that states that motivation can be increased by providing employees with goals against which they can assess their achievement.

Answer 7

Goal-setting Theory

Question 8

Category of leadership theories that states leaders influence group members through certain behaviors; includes Blake-Mouton theory.

Answer 8

Behavioral Theories

Question 9

Motivatio theories dealing with the amount of control in the workplace; motivation is seen as either absolutely irrelevant or absolutely critical

Answer 9

Theory X/Theory Y

Question 10

Leadership appoach in which the leader invites followers to collaborate and commits to acting by consensus

Answer 10

Democratic leadership approach

Question 11

Leadership approach in which the leader imposes a vision or solution on the team and demands that the team follow this directive.

Answer 11

Coercive leadership approach

Question 12

Leadership theory that states that leaders are not appointed but emerge from the group, which chooses the leader based on interactions.

Answer 12

Emergent theory

Question 13

Leadership theory that states that leaders posses certain innate characteristics that followers do not possess (and probably cannot acquire), such as physical characteristics and personality traits.

Answer 13

Trait theory

Question 14

Leadership theory in which the leaders’ goal is to server the needs of their employees; emphasizes the sharing of power.

Answer 14

Servant leadership

Question 15

Leadership approach in which the leader focuses on developing team members’ skills, believing that success comes from aligning the organization’s goals with the employees’ personal and profession goals.

Answer 15

Coaching leadership approach

Question 16

Category of leadership theories that states that leaders can flex their behaviors to meet the needs of unique situations, employing both task or directive behaviors and relationship behaviors; includes Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership, Fiedler’s contigency theory, and path-goal theory

Answer 16

Situational theories

Question 17

Leadership approach in which the leader proposes a bold vision or solution and invites the team to join this challenge

Answer 17

Authoritative leadership approach

Question 18

Leadership theory that emphasizes a leader’s ability to inspire employees to embrace change; leaders encourage and motivate employees to innovate and seek out changes that can add value and growth to the organization.

Answer 18

Transformational leadership

Question 19

Theory that states that motivation is based on an employee’s sense of fairness; the individual compares their percieved value with that of others in similar roles and makes calculation based on their inputs and outputs

Answer 19

Equity Theory

Question 20

Power that is created when the leader can offer followers something they value in exchange for their commitment.

Answer 20

Reward power

Question 21

Leadership theory that emphasizes a leader’s preference for order and structure; focuses on control and short-term planning

Answer 21

Transactional leadership

Question 22

Leadership approach in which the leader sets a model for high performance standards and challenges followers to meet these expectations

Answer 22

Pacesetting leadership approach

Question 23

Motivation theory that states that individuals are motivates by a desire to satisfy certain needs and that understanding these needs allows leaders to offer the right incentives and create the most motivational external environments; includes self-determination and theories of Maslow, Herzberg, and McClelland.

Answer 23

Needs Theory

Question 24

Leadership approach in which the leader creates strong relationships with and inside the team; team members are motivated by loyalty.

Answer 24

Affiliative leadership approach

Question 25

Power that is created by the force of the leader’s personality.

Answer 25

Reference power

Question 26

Leadership that focuses on a two-way relationship between leaders and chose employees; the leader mentors selcted team members and gives them access to more information and resources in order to strengthen levels of trust and support.

Answer 26

Leader-member exchange theory