Motivation And Emotion Flashcards
The state in which an organism experiences an inducement or incentive to do something
Motivation
Hypothetical states propelling action
Motives
Basis of motivational behavior
Needs, drives, incentives
State of deprivation
Need
A condition of arousal in an organism that is associated with a need
Drive
An object, person, or situation perceived as capable of satisfying a need or as desirable for its own sake
Incentive
Motivation come from innate, instinctual patterns, neurally “prewired” or programmed, species-specific
Evolutionary Perspective
Issues with the Evolutionary perspective?
Labeling and describing behavior doesn’t explain them
The view that organisms learn to engage in behaviors that reduce tension
Drive - Reduction Theory
Primary drives?
Unmet physiological needs like hunger and thirst
Acquired needs
Learned through experience
Goal of drive reduction theory?
Homeostasis
The tendency of the body to maintain a steady State
Homeostasis
McGill University Study
1950s paid students $20 a day for doing nothing. Placed in a quiet cubicle, blindfolded, wrapped hands and arms. Become bored and irritable. Many quit. Some had trouble concentrating on simple task days after. PEOPLE NEED SIMULATION
Theory that we seek to maintain an optimal level of stimulation. Individual levels vary
Optimum arousal theory
Emphasizes psychological and cognitive elements in motivation, self actualization, environment is important
Humanistic Theory
Emotion and physiological changes occur at the same time
Cannon-Bard Theory
Emotions occurs from physiological changes after a stimulus is experienced from the environment
James-Lange Theory
The view that stereotypical facial expressions can contribute to stereotypical emotions - facial expressions can affect our emotional state
Facial-feedback hypothesis
External incentives such as rewards and punishments
Extrinsic motivation
Internal factors such as organismic needs, curiosity, fun, challenge
Intrinsic motivation
Components of emotion
Physiological arousal, Cognitive experience, Behavioral expression
The human sexual response cycles
Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, Resolution
Involved in many aspects of motivations like sex, hunger, and aggression
Hypothalamus
“Stop eating Center” If destroyed it becomes hyperphagic - continuing to eat until it doubles its weight
Ventromedial Nucleus (VMN)
“Start eating center” I’d destroyed , it stops eating altogether - aphagic
Lateral Hypothalamus
Any procedure had mimics normal food consumption but where food and drink are not actually digested or absorbed. The process of chewing stimulates the digestive system nerves.
Sham feeding
Regulates eating/feeling satisfied or full
Satiety
Crucial to hunger cues - stomach contractions
Hunger pangs
