Motivation

Question 1

What is Motivation (def by someone and year) REMEMBER EDS (3 things)

Answer 1

Motivation energises, directs and sustains behaviour’ (Steers and Porter, 1979).

Question 2

AMO what does it stand for? and which organisation and year is it used by?

Answer 2

Ability Motivation Opportunity CIPD, 2002

Question 3

Who conducts AMO and what is the purpose?

Answer 3

AMO is usually conducted by the line manager to employees The purpose is improve performance by breaking it down into AMO for the employee

Question 4

What 3 things does Ability include in AMO? (HINT: All about agreeing)

Answer 4

1. Agreeing current ability 2. Agreeing target ability 3. Agreeing methods of measuring ability at set time points

Question 5

What part does motivation play in AMO? (2)

Answer 5

1. Motivation is key to learning in a work environment 2. Line manager plays a role in motivating the learning process (feedback)

Question 6

What part does opportunity play in AMO? (1)

Answer 6

The individual needs the opportunity to apply their learning. Line manager needs to design tasks and opportunities for the learner to demonstrate their new skills

Question 7

What is Intrinsic Motivation? (& Name & Year Of Who Said It)

Answer 7

When intrinsically motivated, a person is moved to act for the fun or challenge entailed rather than because of external products, pressures, or rewards. (Ryan and Deci 2000) It is from within Personal Satisfaction Process orientated present “I want to”

Question 8

What is Extrinsic Motivation? (& Name & Year Of Who Said It)

Answer 8

Extrinsic motivation pertains whenever an activity is done in order to attain some separable outcome. (Ryan and Deci, 2000) From outside Expectation of an reward Product Orientated Present “I have to”

Question 9

The 3 Intrinisic motivators?

Answer 9

1. Autonomy 2. Mastery 3. Purpose

Question 10

What is Autonomy? in relation to Intrinsic Motivators?

Answer 10

Decision-making rights/opportunities especially about your own work

Question 11

What Is Mastery? in relation to Intrinsic Motivators?

Answer 11

Feeling skilled at something; having the chance to learn skills

Question 12

What is Purpose? in relation to Intrinsic Motivators?

Answer 12

Understanding and caring about the reason / goals / purpose of an activity

Question 13

The 3 Extrinsic Motivators

Answer 13

1. Compensation 2. Punishment 3. Reward

Question 14

Compensation in relation to Intrinsic Motivators?

Answer 14

money, salary, financial benefits

Question 15

Punishment in relation to Extrinsic Motivators?

Answer 15

threats of benefits being withdrawn, having to do tasks you don’t like, being publicly ‘told off’ / reprimanded, having to work longer

Question 16

Rewards in relation to Extrinsic Motivators?

Answer 16

praise, extra holiday or time off, non-financial rewards

Question 17

The 3 Process theories of motivations & NAMES & YEARS (CRITICAL FLASHCARD)

Answer 17

1. Goal-Setting Theory (Locke & Latham, 1990) 2. Expectancy Theory (Vroom, 1964) 3. Equity Theory (Adams, 1969) GOET!

Question 18

Goal-Setting Theory Locke & Latham 1990, what are the 4 factors? REMEMBER ‘CCCF’

Answer 18

1. Clarity 2. Challenge 3. Commitment 4. Feedback CCCF These need to be considered by a goal setter like a line manager before setting goals to his team & link into motivation

Question 19

What does Clarity mean? in regard to Goal Setting Theory, Locke & Latham 1990?

Answer 19

A goal must be specific and clear

Question 20

What does Challenge mean in regard to Goal Setting Theory, Locke and Latham 1990?

Answer 20

An easy goal is demotivating. But keep a realistic target

Question 21

What does Commitment mean in regard to Goal Setting Theory, Locke and Latham 1990?

Answer 21

having the commitment to achieve the goal and understanding of how to get there, outlined by the line manager

Question 22

What does Feedback mean in regard to Goal Setting Theory, Locke and Latham 1990?

Answer 22

Realistic timescales, Break down the process into sub-goals Regular reviews

Question 23

What does Locke & Latham define a goal as?

Answer 23

A goal is what an individual is trying to accomplish; it is the object or aim of an action. Locke & Latham 1990

Question 24

Vroom’s 1964 Expectancy theory, what is the equation and the meaning of each of the parts? Hint: VIE like ICAO for Vienna Airport

Answer 24

Valence x Instrumentality x Effort = Motivation VIE = Motivation Expectancy = Will my effort lead to high performance? Instrumentality = Will my performance lead to rewards? Valence = Do I value the rewards?

Question 25

What is Expectancy about?

Answer 25

The level of effort = level of end performance

Question 26

What is Instrumentality about? HINT: Instrumental

Answer 26

my performance will be instrumental (Key) in achieving certain outcomes

Question 27

What Is Valence about?

Answer 27

The desire for the outcome/reward

Question 28

Equity Theory Adams 1969 what is the theory?

Answer 28

Belives People will be motivated at work when they perceive that they are being treated fairly.

Question 29

What is Equity Norm?

Answer 29

People expect a good return for their work

Question 30

What is Social Comparison?

Answer 30

It is comparing yourself with others inputs and rewards

Question 31

What Is Cognitive Distortion?

Answer 31

Altering inputs/rewards after setting them

Question 32

What does equity theory mainly refer to? from Arnold 2016 textbook quote

Answer 32

Equity theory refers mainly to what is called distributive justice: that is, whether people believe they have received (or will receive) fair rewards. Arnold 2016