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Physics > Motion, Forces and Conservation of Energy > Flashcards

Motion, Forces and Conservation of Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 3 Vector Quantities

A 
Force
Velocity
Displacement
Weight
Acceleration
Momentum
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2
Q

Name 3 Scalar Quantities

A 
Speed
Distance
Mass
Energy
Temperature 
Time
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3
Q

What is Distance

A

How far an object has moved (scalar Quantities)

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4
Q

What do vector quantities have

A

Magnitude (size)

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5
Q

What do Scalar Quantities have

A

Only have magnitude (size) and no direction.

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6
Q

What does displacement do

A

It measures the distance and direction in a straight line from an objects starting point to its finishing point

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7
Q

What is Speed?

A

How fast you are going with no regard of direction

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8
Q

What is Velocity

A

Speed in a given direction

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9
Q

What is Acceleration?

A

How quickly your are speeding up

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10
Q

What is uniform acceleration?

A

Constant acceleration

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11
Q

What is need to change motion

A

A force

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12
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

If the resultant force on a stationary object is zero, the object will remain stationary. If the resultant force on a moving object it zero, it’ll just carry on moving at the same velocity.

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13
Q

What is acceleration inversely proportional to

A

The mass of the object

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14
Q

Newton’s second law:

A

Force = mass x acceleration

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15
Q

What is mass?

A

Amount of stuff in an object

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16
Q

Is mass a Scalar or Vector quantity ?

A

Scalar

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17
Q

What is weight?

A

Force acting on an object due to gravity

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18
Q

What is the gravitational field strength on earth

A

10 N/Kg

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19
Q

What is centripetal force?

A

The force that keeps something moving in a circle

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20
Q

How does circular motion work?

A 
The object is constantly changing direction 
It’s accelerating 
Must be a resultant force acting on it 
Acts towards centre of the circle 
Centripetal force
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21
Q

What is Inertia

A

The tendency for motion to remain unchanged

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22
Q

What does inertial mass measure?

A

How difficult is it to change the velocity of an object

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23
Q

How is inertial mass found?

A

Using Newton’s second law

F=ma

24
Q

Newton’s third law:

A

When two objects interact, the forces they exert in each other are equal and opposite

25
Q

What is momentum

A

Mass x velocity

P=mv

26
Q

Is momentum a Scalar or Vector quantity?

A

Vector

27
Q

What causes a change in momentum

A

When a resultant force acts on an object for a certain amount of time

28
Q

What is force

A

Change in momentum ➗ time

29
Q

The faster the change in momentum…….

A

The bigger the force

30
Q

Stopping distance

A

Thinking distance + braking distance

31
Q

What can reaction time be increased by?

A

Tiredness
Alcohol
Drugs
Distractions

32
Q

Energy in the cars kinetic energy store =

A

Work done by brakes

Braking force x braking distance

33
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Anything moving has energy in its kinetic energy store

34
Q

Thermal

A

Any object —

35
Q

Chemical

A

Anything that can release energy by a chemical reaction

36
Q

Gravitational potential

A

Anything in a gravitational field

37
Q

Elastic potential

A

Anything stretched

38
Q

Electrostatic

A

Two charges that attract or repel each other

39
Q

Magnetic

A

Two magnets that attract or repel each other

40
Q

Nuclear

A

Atomic nuclei release energy from this store in nuclear reactions

41
Q

KE=

A

1/2 x m x v^2

42
Q

What does conservation of energy mean

A

Energy is never created or destroyed

43
Q

mechanically transferred energy

A

A force is acting on an object

44
Q

Electrically transferred energy

A

a charge doing work against resistance

45
Q

By heating transferred energy

A

Energy transferred from a hotter object to a colder object

46
Q

By radiation transferred energy

A

Energy transferred by waves

47
Q

Total energy input =

A

Useful energy output + waste

48
Q

Efficiency =

A

Useful energy transferred by device / total energy supplied to device

49
Q

What does lubrication do ?

A

Reduces energy transferred by friction

50
Q

What does dissipated mean?

A

Energy is spread out

51
Q

What does insulation reduce ?

A

The rate of energy transfer by heating

52
Q

What is non-renewable energy?

A

Energy resources that will run out one day
Fossil fuels
Nuclear fuel

53
Q

What are the three main fossil fuels?

A

Coal
Oil
Gas

54
Q

Are fossil fuels cheap or expensive to extract

A

Cheap

55
Q

How do fossil fuels create environmental problems?

A 
They release co2 into the atmosphere 
Adds to the greenhouse gases
Contributes to global warming 
Releases sulfur dioxide which causes acid rain.
Oil spillage
56
Q

Name 5 renewable energy resources

A 
Bio-fuels
Wind
Sun
Hydro-electricity
Tides
57
Q

How are biofuels made

A

From plants and waste

Physics (3 decks)

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