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Physics⚖️ > Motion and Forces > Flashcards

Motion and Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

Define a scalar

A

Has a magnitude but no direction

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2
Q

Define a vector

A

Has both a magnitude and direction

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3
Q

Name 3 scalars

A 
Distance
Energy
Mass
Speed
Temperature
Time
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4
Q

Name 3 vectors

A 
Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration
Force
Weight 
Momentum
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5
Q

What is the main advantage of using light gates to measure time?

A

It eliminate human reaction time error

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6
Q

Define a resultant force

A

One force that replaces many forces

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7
Q

When two bodies interact, what can you say about the size and direction of the action and reaction force?

A

Equal and opposite

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8
Q

What will happen to an object’s motion if the resultant force is zero?

A

It will stay at rest or continue at a constant velocity

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9
Q

What will happen to an object’s motion if the resultant force is not zero?

A

Accelerate or decelerate

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10
Q

State Newton’s first law

A

When the resultant force is zero, the body is at constant velocity or at rest. If the resultant force is non zero then the body will accelerate.

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11
Q

State the two factors that will affect the acceleration of an object

A

The mass of the object

Size of the resultant force

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12
Q

What is Newton’s second law?

A

Force= mass x acceleration

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13
Q

Describe the acceleration of a body freefalling in a vacuum

A

Constant acceleration (10m/s squared on Earth)

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14
Q

Describe the difference between mass and weight

A

Weight is a force measured in Newtons. Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter, measured in kg. Weight changed dependent on the gravitational field strength.

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15
Q

Describe the velocity of an object moving in a circle

A

The direction of an object moving in a circle is always changing therefore its velocity is constantly changing.

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16
Q

Why must there be a resultant force acting on an object moving in a circle?

A

An object moving in a circle is constantly changing therefore it must be accelerating. For an object to accelerate it must have a force acting upon it.

17
Q

What is inertial mass?

A

It is a measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object. Also defined as the ration of force over acceleration

18
Q

What is Newton’s third law?

A

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In every interaction, there are a pair of forces acting on two objects. The forces are the same magnitude but with different directions.

19
Q

What two factors make up the overall stopping distance of a car?

A

Braking distance add thinking distance

20
Q

State three factors that will increase the braking distance of the car

A 
Worn tyres
Speed
Worn brakes
poor conditions of road (ice/water)
Mass of the car
21
Q

State three factors that will increase the thinking distance of a car

A

Alcohol
Speed
Tiredness
Drugs

22
Q

Define momentum

A

Momentum= mass x velocity

23
Q

State Newton’s second law in term of momentum

A

Force= change in momentum / time taken

24
Q

State the conservation of momentum

A

The momentum before the collision will be the same as the momentum after the collision

25
Q

Explain how all of the following safety features act to reduce injury : air bag, crumple zone, seatbelt

A

Increase the time taken for the object to stop thereby reducing the rate of change of momentum and reducing force

26
Q

What is the equation involving distance, speed and time?

A

Distance= speed x time

27
Q

What is acceleration?

A

Acceleration is the change in velocity in a certain amount of time

28
Q

What is the equation to find acceleration?

A

Acceleration= change in velocity/ time

29
Q

How do you find the gradient?

A

Change in y / change in x

30
Q

What is the difference between mass and weight?

A

Mass is just the ‘amount of stuff’ in an object and weight is the force acting on the object due to the gravitational field strength.

31
Q

How do you find the weight of an object

A

Weight= mass x gravitational field strength

32
Q

How do you find inertial mass?

A

force/ acceleration

33
Q

What is inertia?

A

It is the tendency for an object to keep moving with the same velocity

34
Q

What does an increasing line in a velocity- time graph mean?

A

Acclerating

35
Q

How is mass linked to interia?

A

The larger the mass the harder it will be to move the object from stationary and it will resist a change in velocity

Physics⚖️ (9 decks)

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